AP Biology : Systems Physiology
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Example Question #35 : Understanding Other Reproductive Physiology
Which of the following best describes how dizygotic twins are produced?
One zygote splits into two embryos during development
Nondisjunction
Two eggs are released and fertilized
Fertilization of one egg by two sperm
Two eggs are released and fertilized
Dizygotic twins are produced by the release and fertilization of two separate egg cells. Both zygotes implant in the uterus and develop. The resulting twins will not be genetically identical because they arise from different gametes.
Example Question #341 : Systems Physiology
Which of the following best describes how monozygotic twins are produced?
One zygote splits into two embryos during development
Fertilization of one egg by two sperm
Two eggs are released and fertilized
Nondisjunction
One zygote splits into two embryos during development
Monozygotic twins are produced when a zygote divides into two embryos. This process is spontaneous and may result from blastocyst collapse. The resulting twins are genetically identical because they are produced from the same gametes.
Example Question #1312 : Ap Biology
If polyspermy does occur, which of the following symptoms will the resulting organism exhibit?
The offspring will experience stunted physical growth
The offspring will develop learning disabilities
The zygote is inviable
The offspring will possess developmental delays
The zygote is inviable
Polyspermy, or the fertilization of an egg by more than one sperm cell, creates an inviable zygote that will not develop.
Example Question #342 : Systems Physiology
Which of the following choices does not cause infertility?
Low semen quality
Ovulation problems
Alcohol use
Sexually transmitted diseases
Alcohol use
Infertility is the inability to reproduce. There are many causes for infertility and many unexplained cases. The causes include sexually transmitted diseases, ovulation problems, and low semen quality.
Example Question #1314 : Ap Biology
During the process of fertilization, what does the term "syngamy" refer to?
Pronuclei membrane degradation
The fusion of two genomes
Cortical granule formation
Fast block to polyspermy
The fusion of two genomes
"Syngamy" is a term that refers to the joining of two genomes during fertilization. This occurs through the first mitotic division of the zygote, after the membranes of the pronuclei dissolve.
Example Question #342 : Systems Physiology
Which of the following definitions does the term “menarche” refer to?
When menstrual periods stop in human females
When menstrual periods begin in human females
Contractions preceding vaginal delivery
Implantation of the embryo in human females
When menstrual periods begin in human females
“Menarche” is the term that refers to the onset of menstrual bleeding in female humans. The timing of menarche is influenced by variety of factors including genetics and environmental factors. Age of menarche is typically between 12 to 15 years old.
Example Question #122 : Reproductive System
Which of the following characteristics is true regarding follicle development in the ovaries?
Multiple follicles develop and release oocytes each menstrual cycle
There are competing follicles and hormones that promote the development of the dominant follicle
Genetic damage causes all other follicles to arrest development, allowing the dominant follicle to form
Only one follicle develops per menstrual cycle
There are competing follicles and hormones that promote the development of the dominant follicle
During the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates the development of multiple follicles. The follicles compete with each other and the most developed follicle becomes the dominant follicle. The dominant follicle will release an oocyte during ovulation.
Example Question #123 : Reproductive System
Which of the following best describes what happens to an egg cell if it does not get fertilized by a sperm cell in humans?
It implants and is eventually expelled from the body
It disintegrates and is expelled from the body
It returns to the ovary
It remains in the fallopian tube
It disintegrates and is expelled from the body
Oocytes are released from the dominant follicle and travel down the fallopian tube. If the oocyte is not fertilized, it will disintegrate and be expelled from the body by way of menstruation.
Example Question #124 : Reproductive System
Which of the following best describes what the corpus luteum develops from in female humans?
The dominant follicle
The non-dominant follicles
An unfertilized oocyte
The fimbria of the fallopian tube
The dominant follicle
The corpus luteum is a structure in female humans that develops from the dominant follicle after ovulation. The corpus luteum is involved in the endocrine system and it secretes progesterone to maintain the endometrial lining if the released oocyte is fertilized. If the oocyte is not fertilized, it stops secreting progesterone, causing the shedding of the endometrial lining and degeneration of the corpus luteum.
Example Question #125 : Reproductive System
Which of the following hormones is secreted by the corpus luteum and helps to build up the endometrial lining?
Estrogen
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Progesterone
Progesterone
The corpus luteum develops from the dominant follicle after ovulation. It secretes progesterone to build up the endometrial lining and promote oocyte implantation. If the oocyte does not get fertilized, then the corpus luteum stops secreting progesterone. This causes the degeneration of the corpus luteum and menstruation.
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