All AP Biology Resources
Example Questions
Example Question #1 : Understand Endosymbiotic Theory
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA, which is similar to the DNA of
fungi
bacteria
humans
protozoa
bacteria
Bacteria, a prokaryote, has circular DNA, as do mitochondria and chloroplasts. This provides support for the Endosymbiotic Theory, which states that the mitochondria and chloroplast in eukaryotic cells were once aerobic bacteria (prokaryote) that were ingested by a large anaerobic bacteria (prokaryote).
Example Question #2 : Understand Endosymbiotic Theory
Reproduction of chloroplasts and mitochondria occurs via
Meiosis
Fission-like process, similar to the reproduction process of eukaryotes
Mitosis
Fission-like process, similar to the reproduction process of bacteria
Fission-like process, similar to the reproduction process of bacteria
Chloroplasts and mitochondria reproduce through fission, the same process through which bacteria reproduce. Eukaryotes reproduce through mitosis or meiosis, depending upon the type of cell.
Example Question #3 : Understand Endosymbiotic Theory
Supporting the Endosymbiotic Theory, mitochondria and chloroplasts have a _________ membrane.
thick
double
single
thin
double
The Endosymbiotic Theory states that the mitochondria and chloroplast in eukaryotic cells were once aerobic bacteria (prokaryote) that were ingested by a large anaerobic bacteria (prokaryote). Mitochondria and chloroplasts have a double membrane (the inner membrane would have initially been the ingested prokaryote’s single membrane).
Example Question #4 : Understand Endosymbiotic Theory
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have ribosomes that are ___, similar to __ cells.
70 S, prokaryotic
80S, eukaryotic
70S, eukaryotic
80S, prokaryotic
70 S, prokaryotic
Prokaryotic cells, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have 70S ribosomes, whereas eukaryotic cells have 80S ribosomes. This provides support for the Endosymbiotic Theory, which states that the mitochondria and chloroplast in eukaryotic cells were once aerobic bacteria (prokaryote) that were ingested by a large anaerobic bacteria (prokaryote).
Example Question #5 : Understand Endosymbiotic Theory
The Endosymbiotic Theory posits that, before being engulfed by a eukaryotic cell, they were
Viruses
Free-living eukaryotes
Free-living prokaryotes
Organelles
Free-living prokaryotes
The Endosymbiotic Theory states that the mitochondria and chloroplast in eukaryotic cells were once aerobic bacteria (prokaryote) that were ingested by a large anaerobic bacteria (prokaryote). The aerobic bacteria were initially free-living prokaryotes, before being ingested by anaerobic bacteria.
Example Question #6 : Understand Endosymbiotic Theory
Which of the following is NOT evidence for the Endosymbiotic Theory?
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have 70S ribosomes
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have circular DNA
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have a single membrane
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have a double membrane
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have a single membrane
The Endosymbiotic Theory states that the mitochondria and chloroplast in eukaryotic cells were once aerobic bacteria (prokaryote) that were ingested by a large anaerobic bacteria (prokaryote). This theory explains the origin of eukaryotic cells. Numerous lines of evidence exist, including that mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own circular DNA (prokaryotes also have circular DNA), mitochondria and chloroplasts have a double membrane (the inner membrane would have initially been the ingested prokaryote’s single membrane, and the outer membrane initially would have come from the cell that engulfed it), mitochondria and chloroplasts have 70S ribosomes (prokaryotes 70S have ribosomes, whereas eukaryotes have 80S ribosomes).
Example Question #41 : Cellular Communications And Junctions
Which is false regarding cell signaling?
Paracrine signals are used to communicate the nearby cells
Paracrine signals are long-lasting
Autocrine signals bind to receptors on the same cell that released the ligand
Endocrine signals move via the bloodstream
Paracrine signals are long-lasting
Endocrine signals are signals from distance cells that move using the bloodstream, paracrine signals are signals used to communicate between cells in close proximity, and autocrine signals are signals that are received by the same cell in which the signal originated. Paracrine signals are signal are short-lasting, whereas endocrine signals are long-lasting.
Example Question #42 : Cellular Communications And Junctions
What type of signaling uses the bloodstream to transport ligands to targets?
Direct
Paracrine
Endocrine
Autocrine
Endocrine
Endocrine signals are signals from distance cells that move using the bloodstream, paracrine signals are signals used to communicate between cells in close proximity, autocrine signals are signals that are received by the same cell in which the signal originated, and direct signaling occurs across gap junctions through the movement of small molecules (such as Calcium ions).
Example Question #43 : Cellular Communications And Junctions
Which type of cell-surface receptor, when bound by a ligand, begins a cycle where GDP is exchanged for GTP, causing the alpha subunit to separate from the beta and gamma subunits, and causing a cellular response?
Ion channel- linked receptor
Enzyme-linked receptor
GTP hydrolyzation receptor
G-protein linked receptor
G-protein linked receptor
G-protein linked receptors are a type of cell-surface receptor that, when unbound by a ligand, consists of an alphaGDP subunit and a beta gamma subunit. When a ligand binds, GDP is exchanged for GTP, which causes the alphaGTP subunit to dissociate from the receptor and the beta gamma subunit. Then, the alphaGTP and beta gamma subunits can activate other molecules in the cell.
Example Question #44 : Cellular Communications And Junctions
A cell releases a ligand that binds to receptors on its own surface. Which type of signaling is this?
Paracrine
Endocrine
Direct
Autocrine
Autocrine
Endocrine signals are signals from cells that move using the bloodstream and signal to distant cells, paracrine signals are signals used to communicate between cells in close proximity, autocrine signals are signals that are received by the same cell in which the signal originated, and direct signaling occurs across gap junctions through the movement of small molecules (such as Calcium ions).