ACT English : Punctuation Errors

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for ACT English

varsity tutors app store varsity tutors android store varsity tutors ibooks store

Example Questions

Example Question #477 : Act English

Second language acquisition has already been positively correlated to increased cognitive flexibility (1) : what has yet to be investigated is the correlation between cultural literacy—as a potential result of second language acquisition—and the facilitation of social relationships on the individual and community levels, academic and career success, and personal cultural enrichment. Cultural literacy may be (2) viewed as a deepest sense of foreign language study, as it encompasses all facets of culture rather than just language. If these positive correlations are accurately established (3) , the United States’ education system and (4) its lack of priority given to foreign language studies must be reevaluated. Vastly extending foreign language requirements would allow individuals not only the obvious benefit of communicating in more than one language, (5) but also from greater academic success in high school, college, and the workplace, as well as less multicultural tension in social and professional arenas. (6) As the global market continues to be vital to the economic prosperity of nations, and immigration trends change their cultural make-up, (7) both linguistic and cultural understanding and awareness is essential.

Choose the answer that best corrects the bolded and underlined portion of the passage. If the bolded and underlined portion is correct as written, choose "NO CHANGE."

 

 
Possible Answers:

; what has yet to be investigated

: what they have yet to investigate

NO CHANGE

, what has yet to be investigated

Correct answer:

; what has yet to be investigated

Explanation:

A semicolon is required to bring together two distinct but supporting thoughts. A comma would make it a run-on sentence, and a colon is used to provide direct evidentiary support (often in the form of a list) of the previous line or when the second clause follows an independent clause that directly clarifies or explains the first clause.

Example Question #137 : Correcting Grammatical Errors

Choose the answer that best corrects the underlined portion of the sentence. If the underlined portion is correct as written, choose "NO CHANGE."

Attending my Super Bowl party this month: Teddy, Elaine, Susan, Mario, and Kim.

Possible Answers:

The list of attendees for my Super Bowl party this month:

People who are planning to attend my Super Bowl party this month:

NO CHANGE

Planning to attend my Super Bowl party this month:

The following people are attending my Super Bowl party this month:

Correct answer:

The following people are attending my Super Bowl party this month:

Explanation:

Colons must be preceded by a main clause. None of the incorrect answers is a main clause that could stand on its own as a complete sentence.

Example Question #138 : Correcting Grammatical Errors

Choose the answer that best corrects the underlined portion of the sentence. If the underlined portion is correct as written, choose "NO CHANGE."

Among my many friends: Jennifer, Alan, Kate, and Theodore.

Possible Answers:

My group of friends, including:

My group of friends:

NO CHANGE

I have many friends:

Included in my group of friends:

Correct answer:

I have many friends:

Explanation:

Colons must be preceded by a main clause. No colon should interrupt a clause, or follow a dependent introductory clause, as happens in the example sentence. The correct option adds enough elements to make this clause grammatically independent.

Example Question #139 : Correcting Grammatical Errors

Choose the answer that best corrects the underlined portion of the sentence. If the underlined portion is correct as written, choose "NO CHANGE."

A number of my friends that I invited to my party: Joselene, Kenny, Bruce, David, Kendra, and Michelle

Possible Answers:

My list of friends invited to my party:

I invited a number of my friends to my party:

The number of friends invited to my party includes:

Friends that I invited to my party:

NO CHANGE

Correct answer:

I invited a number of my friends to my party:

Explanation:

A colon must be preceded by a main clause. That is, the clause preceding any colon must be able to stand on its own as a complete sentence. None of of the incorrect answer choices is a main clause.

Example Question #141 : Correcting Grammatical Errors

Choose the answer that best corrects the underlined portion of the sentence. If the underlined portion is correct as written, choose "NO CHANGE."

Junior had three wishes for Christmas: a toy truck, a teddy bear, and a set of markers.

Possible Answers:

for Christmas a toy, truck

for Christmas, a toy truck

NO CHANGE

for Christmas a toy truck

for Christmas. A toy truck

Correct answer:

NO CHANGE

Explanation:

This question asks you about the grammatically correct use of a colon. In this sentence, the colon correctly introduces a list of items. The "toy truck," the "teddy bear," and the "set of markers" are the three items making up this list. A comma should not be used to introduce a list of items, and the use of a period makes the second part of the sentence into a fragment. 

Example Question #141 : Correcting Grammatical Errors

Choose the answer that best corrects the underlined portion of the sentence. If the underlined portion is correct as written, choose "NO CHANGE."

John bought a goldfish at the pet store: but he wasn't expecting it to grow so quickly.

Possible Answers:

store; but

NO CHANGE

store. But

store? But

store, but

Correct answer:

store, but

Explanation:

This question asks you about the correct use of a colon. A colon should be used only to introduce a quotation, a list, or a clause containing additional information describing the first clause. In this sentence, a colon is not correct punctuation and should not be used. The second independent clause, "but he wasn't expecting it to grow so quickly," contrasts the first independent clause, rather than describing it. Since the second clause begins with a conjunction, "but," a comma should separate the two clauses. 

Example Question #483 : Act English

Choose the answer that best corrects the underlined portion of the sentence. If the underlined portion is correct as written, select “NO CHANGE.”

Sylvia brought three types of sandwiches to serve at her picnic, ham, turkey, and tuna salad.

Possible Answers:

at her picnic. Ham

at her picnic ham

at her picnic: ham

NO CHANGE

at her picnic; ham

Correct answer:

at her picnic: ham

Explanation:

This question asks you to choose the best form of punctuation to introduce a list. A colon should be used to introduce a list of two or more items. In this sentence, the list contains three types of sandwiches, "ham, peanut butter and jelly, and tuna salad," and should be introduced with a colon. A period or semicolon is incorrect since the list is not a complete sentence in itself. The original comma, or a lack of any punctuation, make the sentence a run-on. 

Example Question #141 : Correcting Grammatical Errors

Choose the answer that best corrects the underlined portion of the sentence. If the underlined portion is correct as written, select “NO CHANGE.”

Leslie chose three friends to be her bridesmaids: Erin, Veronica and Janay.

Possible Answers:

bridesmaids. Erin

NO CHANGE

bridesmaids; Erin

bridesmaids, Erin

bridesmaids Erin

Correct answer:

NO CHANGE

Explanation:

This question asks you about the grammatically correct use of a colon. A colon should be used to introduce a list of two or more items. In this sentence, the list contains three people: Erin, Veronica and Janay. A colon is the correct punctuation to use in this case, so the sentence is correct as written. 

Example Question #141 : Correcting Grammatical Errors

Humanities: This passage is adapted from chapter three of Sir John Lubbock’s The Pleasures of Life. The chapter is entitled “A Song of Books” and was written in 1887.

 

Of all the privileges we enjoy in this nineteenth century there is none, perhaps, for which we ought to be more thankful than for the easier access to books.

The debt we owe to books was well expressed and articulated by Richard de Bury, Bishop of Durham, author of Philobiblon, written as long ago as 1344, published in 1473, and the earliest English treatise on the delights of literature: "These,” he says, “are the masters who instruct us without rods and ferules, without hard words and anger, without clothes or money. If you approach them, they are not asleep; if you interrogate them, they conceal nothing; if you mistake them, they never grumble; if you are ignorant, they cannot laugh at you. The library, therefore, of wisdom is more precious than all riches, and nothing that can be wished for is worthy to be compared with it. Whosoever therefore acknowledges himself to be a zealous follower of truth, of happiness, of wisdom, of science, or even of the faith, must of necessity make himself a lover of books.” 

This feeling that books are real friends is constantly present to all who love reading. “I have friends,” said Petrarch, “whose society is extremely agreeable to me; they are of all ages, and of every country. They have distinguished themselves both in the cabinet and in the field, and obtained high honors for their knowledge of the sciences. It is easy to gain access to them, for they are always at my service, and I admit them to my company, and dismiss them from it, whenever I please. They are never troublesome, but immediately answer every question I ask them. Some relate to me the events of past ages, while others reveal to me the secrets of Nature. Some teach me how to live, and others how to die. Some, by their vivacity, drive away my cares and exhilarate my spirits; while others give fortitude to my mind, and teach me the important lesson how to restrain my desires, and to depend wholly on myself. They open to me, in short, the various avenues of all the arts and sciences, and upon their information I may safely rely in all emergencies. In return for all their services, they only ask me to accommodate them with a convenient chamber in some corner of my humble habitation, where they may repose in peace; for these friends are more delighted by the tranquillity of retirement than with the tumults of society.”

“He that loveth a book,” says Isaac Barrow, “will never want a faithful friend, a wholesome counsellor, a cheerful companion, an effectual comforter. By study, by reading, by thinking, one may innocently divert and pleasantly entertain himself, as in all weathers, so in all fortunes.”

What is the best way to reproduce the underlined portion of the sentence below:

"They open to me, in short the various avenues of all the arts and sciences, and upon their information I may safely rely in all emergencies."

Possible Answers:

me, in short, the

me in short, the

NO CHANGE

me in short the

Correct answer:

me, in short, the

Explanation:

"In short" is a dependent clause requiring commas on either end of it. 

Example Question #142 : Correcting Grammatical Errors

Humanities: This passage is adapted from chapter three of Sir John Lubbock’s The Pleasures of Life. The chapter is entitled “A Song of Books” and was written in 1887.

 

Of all the privileges we enjoy in this nineteenth century there is none, perhaps, for which we ought to be more thankful than for the easier access to books.

The debt we owe to books was well expressed and articulated by Richard de Bury, Bishop of Durham, author of Philobiblon, written as long ago as 1344, published in 1473, and the earliest English treatise on the delights of literature: "These,” he says, “are the masters who instruct us without rods and ferules, without hard words and anger, without clothes or money. If you approach them, they are not asleep; if you interrogate them, they conceal nothing; if you mistake them, they never grumble; if you are ignorant, they cannot laugh at you. The library, therefore, of wisdom is more precious than all riches, and nothing that can be wished for is worthy to be compared with it. Whosoever therefore acknowledges himself to be a zealous follower of truth, of happiness, of wisdom, of science, or even of the faith, must of necessity make himself a lover of books.” 

This feeling that books are real friends is constantly present to all who love reading. “I have friends,” said Petrarch, “whose society is extremely agreeable to me; they are of all ages, and of every country. They have distinguished themselves both in the cabinet and in the field, and obtained high honors for their knowledge of the sciences. It is easy to gain access to them, for they are always at my service, and I admit them to my company, and dismiss them from it, whenever I please. They are never troublesome, but immediately answer every question I ask them. Some relate to me the events of past ages, while others reveal to me the secrets of Nature. Some teach me how to live, and others how to die. Some, by their vivacity, drive away my cares and exhilarate my spirits; while others give fortitude to my mind, and teach me the important lesson how to restrain my desires, and to depend wholly on myself. They open to me, in short, the various avenues of all the arts and sciences, and upon their information I may safely rely in all emergencies. In return for all their services, they only ask me to accommodate them with a convenient chamber in some corner of my humble habitation, where they may repose in peace; for these friends are more delighted by the tranquillity of retirement than with the tumults of society.”

“He that loveth a book,” says Isaac Barrow, “will never want a faithful friend, a wholesome counsellor, a cheerful companion, an effectual comforter. By study, by reading, by thinking, one may innocently divert and pleasantly entertain himself, as in all weathers, so in all fortunes.”

What is the best way to reproduce the underlined portion of the sentence below?

"This feeling, that books are real friends is constantly present to all who love reading.",

Possible Answers:

NO CHANGE

this feeling of the way that

this feeling of books

This feeling that books

Correct answer:

This feeling that books

Explanation:

If a comma is necessary after "feeling," one would also be necessary after "friends" to denote the dependent clause.

Learning Tools by Varsity Tutors