SAT Writing : Identifying Other Phrase, Clause, and Sentence Errors

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for SAT Writing

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Example Questions

Example Question #31 : Identifying Phrase, Clause, And Sentence Errors

Adapted from “Our Amateur Poets, No. III. — William Ellery Channing” in The Complete Works of Edgar Allan Poe — Vol. XI: Literary Criticism by Edgar Allan Poe (1843, ed. 1902)

In speaking of Mr. William Ellery Channing, who has just published a very neat little volume of poems, we feel the necessity of employing the indefinite rather than the definite article. He is a, and by no means the, William Ellery Channing. He is only the son of the great essayist deceased. He is just such a person, in despite of his clarum et venerabile nomen, as Pindar would have designated by the significant term τις. It may be said in his favor that nobody ever heard of him. His book contains about sixty-three things, which he calls poems, and which he no doubt seriously supposes so to be. They are full of all kinds of mistakes, of which the most important is that of their having been printed at all. They are not precisely English; perhaps they are Channingese. We may convey some general idea of them by two foreign terms not in common use—the Italian pavoneggiarsi, “to strut like a peacock,” and the German word for “sky-rocketing,” schwarmerei. They are more preposterous, in a word, than any poems except those of the author of “Sam Patch;” for we presume we are right (are we not?) in taking it for granted that the author of “Sam Patch” is the very worst of all the wretched poets that ever existed upon earth.

In spite, however, of the customary phrase about a man’s “making a fool of himself,” we doubt if any one was ever a fool of his own free will and accord. A poet, therefore, should not always be taken too strictly to task. He should be treated with leniency, and, even when damned, should be damned with respect. Nobility of descent, too, should be allowed its privileges not more in social life than in letters. The son of a great author cannot be handled too tenderly by the critical Jack Ketch. Mr. Channing must be hung, that’s true. He must be hung in terrorem—and for this there is no help under the sun; but then we shall do him all manner of justice, and observe every species of decorum, and be especially careful of his feelings, and hang him gingerly and gracefully, with a silken cord, as the Spaniards hang their grandees of the blue blood, their nobles of the sangre azula.

The overall style of the author here is __________.

Possible Answers:

acerbic

demanding

playful

serious

Correct answer:

playful

Explanation:

The author is being playful with his criticisms of Channing's work even as he gives good reasons why he dislikes it.

Example Question #32 : Identifying Phrase, Clause, And Sentence Errors

Select the underlined word or phrase that needs to be changed to make the sentence correct. Some sentences contain no error at all.

Molly was very ambitious— she played varsity field hockey, a lot of girls looked up to her, took all AP classes, and could recite Shakespeare by heart. No error

Possible Answers:

a lot of girls looked up to her

by heart

No error

took

was

Correct answer:

a lot of girls looked up to her

Explanation:

This sentence error exemplifies a problem of parallelism as well as verb-verb disagreement. This type of error is common when the sentence contains a list. In a list, the structure of each clause (or each part of the list) should be the same. In this case, the list is composed of verb phrases: Molly "played Varsity field hockey," "took all the AP classes," and "could recite Shakespeare by heart." The only item in the list that breaks the pattern is the error: "a lot of girls looked up to her." For this sentence to be correct, each item in the list must be an active verb, in the past tense describing something Molly does, and then an object. "Inspired a lot of her peers" could work, or "encouraged the younger players," or even "commanded respect." When in doubt, read it back into the sentence.

Example Question #33 : Identifying Phrase, Clause, And Sentence Errors

The United States has been a country of immigrants since its foundation. This is still true today. The United States allows more people to immigrate to it then any other country. This stream of immigration have resulted in an extremely diverse population with many different cultures and languages. As most public schools in the United States provide a monolingual education, immigrant parents are often unsure of whether or not they should teach their children their heritage language.  

There are many myths surrounding the idea of bilingual education that prevent its widespread implementation in public schools. However, bilingual education has actually been shown to produce higher achievements in both languages. As well as enhance problem solving and critical thinking skills. Because some public school systems have successfully implemented bilingual education, there are still enormous difficulties in terms of resources and support from the U.S. Board of Education.

Which of the following sentences is grammatically incorrect and must be modified?

Possible Answers:

However, bilingual education has actually been shown to produce higher achievements in both languages. 

The United States has been a country of immigrants since its foundation.

There are many myths surrounding the idea of bilingual education that prevent its implementation in public schools.

As well as enhance problem solving and critical thinking skills.

This is still true today.

Correct answer:

As well as enhance problem solving and critical thinking skills.

Explanation:

"As well as enhance problem solving and critical thinking skills" is a sentence fragment because it is missing a subject. "As well as" is not a subject and does not do the action of the verb.

Example Question #51 : Identifying Sentence Errors

Replace the underlined portion with the answer choice that results in a sentence that is clear, precise, and meets the requirements of standard written English. One of the answer choices reproduces the underlined portion as it is written in the sentence.

Your paper initially seemed very complex, but after I read it. I understood it to be much simpler than I had initially thought.

Possible Answers:

but after I read it. I understood it

but after reading it and understanding it

but after I read it, I have understanding that it

but after I read it, I understood it

but after I read it; I understood it

Correct answer:

but after I read it, I understood it

Explanation:

"After I read it" is not an independent clause, and it is being used as one, because it is forming the second half of a compound sentence. Compound sentences can only be constructed out of independent clauses that could each make sense and be grammatically complete on their own. So, to fix this error, we need to combine the two sentences into one, so that the prepositional phrase "after I read it" is part of a complete independent clause. The answer choice changing the sentence's period out for a semicolon does not solve the grammatical issue at all, so it cannot be correct. The answer choice that introduces the phrase "I have understanding that it" is unnecessarily awkwardly phrased, so it can't be correct either. The answer choice that uses "and" to connect the two sentences might look like a potentially correct answer, because it is combining the two sentences into a compound sentence, but "and understanding" merely extends the prepositional phrase "after I read it" into "after reading it and understanding it to be much simpler than I had initially thought." So, it merely exacerbates our initial problem, because the second part of the newly-created compound sentence has no verb. So, the correct answer is "Your paper initially seemed very complex, but after I read it, I understood it to be much simpler than I had initially thought."

Example Question #1 : Identifying Parallel Structure Errors

Select the underlined word or phrase that needs to be changed to make the sentence correct. Some sentences contain no error at all.

After school, the children went to the park, to the store, and home. No error

Possible Answers:

After

the park

No error

and home

the children went

Correct answer:

and home

Explanation:

"Home" contains the error in this sentence because parallel sentence structure dictates that each part in a series must use the same type of word and employ the same tense, if the words are verbs. In this case, the first two parts in the series are prepositional phrases ("to the park" and "to the store"), but the third part is a noun "home." Because only part of one of the prepositional phrases is underlined, we can't change them, so we would need to change the noun, "home," to correct the sentence's error.

Example Question #1 : Identifying Parallel Structure Errors

Select the underlined word or phrase that needs to be changed to make the sentence correct. Some sentences contain no error at all.

For Lisa to change her email settings, she had to log in, choose "settings" and then clicked on "preferences." No error

Possible Answers:

choose

had to 

clicked

No error

to 

Correct answer:

clicked

Explanation:

Given that two of the three verbs in the series are in the present tense ("choose" and "log in"), it follows that "clicked" should also be in the present tense, not the past tense, in order to conform with the rest of the sentence. 

Example Question #91 : Identifying Phrase, Clause, And Sentence Errors

Select the underlined word or phrase that needs to be changed to make the sentence correct. Some sentences contain no error at all.

Rebecca likes to spend time with her son by participating in his activities, like riding bikes, playing video games and she watches his favorite movies. No error

Possible Answers:

No error

in 

likes to 

with her son

she watches

Correct answer:

she watches

Explanation:

In the list of activities that Rebecca participates in with her son, two items are gerunds, or verbs being used as nouns ("riding" and "playing"), whereas "she watches" is a noun and a verb. Therefore, "she watches" does not fit with the parallel structure of the list, and should instead be changed to "watching."

Example Question #4 : Identifying Parallel Structure Errors

Select the underlined word or phrase that needs to be changed to make the sentence correct. Some sentences contain no error at all.

In her art class, Gina learned how to paint, photograph moving subjects, and molding sculptures. No error

Possible Answers:

molding

how to 

her

photograph

No error

Correct answer:

molding

Explanation:

It is important for a sentence containing a list to employ correct parallelism, which means that listed items should take on the same grammatical form. The first two items in the list are infinitives (Gina learned "to paint" and "photograph"). Therefore, “molding” should be changed to the infinitive "mold" so that it matches the other two infinitives in the list.

Example Question #5 : Identifying Parallel Structure Errors

Select the underlined word or phrase that needs to be changed to make the sentence correct. Some sentences contain no error at all.

Las Vegas offers its visitors dozens of forms of entertainment, including incredible shows, themed casinos, and they can dance in the evening at clubsNo error

Possible Answers:

its

themed

they can dance in the evening at clubs

No error

forms of 

Correct answer:

they can dance in the evening at clubs

Explanation:

It is important for a sentence to have parallelism, which means that listed items take on the same grammatical form. Here, the first two listed items are nouns (incredible shows, themed casinos). Therefore, the third item should also be a noun. However, “they can dance” is an independent clause formed by a noun and a verb, and therefore it is incorrect. Instead, it should be replaced with a noun, as in, "clubs at which they can dance."

Example Question #1 : Identifying Parallel Structure Errors

Select the underlined word or phrase that needs to be changed to make the sentence correct. Some sentences contain no error at all.

The children at the summer camp spent their days canoeing, horseback riding, and learned wilderness survival skills. No error

Possible Answers:

No error

learned

their

at the 

horseback

Correct answer:

learned

Explanation:

It is important for a sentence to employ correct parallelism, which means that listed items should take on the same grammatical form. The first two items in the sentence's list are gerunds ("canoeing" and "horseback riding"), so the last item, “learned wilderness survival skills,” should be changed to a gerund, "learning wilderness survival skills," to correct the sentence's error.

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