SAT Math : How to find the solution for a system of equations

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for SAT Math

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Example Questions

Example Question #251 : Algebra

An aquarium has 15 fish tanks that hold a total of 70 fish.  If all of the fish tanks hold either four or six fish, how many tanks hold six fish each?

Possible Answers:

7

4

5

6

10

Correct answer:

5

Explanation:

To solve this problem, we translate the given information into two equations and then solve both simultaneously. If we let F represent the number of tanks that hold four fish and S represent the number of tanks that hold six fish, the problem tells us that F+S=15. The problem also tells us that 4F (the total number of fish in the 4-fish tanks) plus 6S (the total number of fish in the six-fish tanks) equals 70 (the total number of fish in the aquarium).

Thus we have the following system of equations:

F+S=15

4F+6S=70

Multiplying the first equation by -4 and combing it with the second gives 2S = 10, as seen below:

[-4F-4S=-60 (the first equation times -4)]

+ [4F+6S=70 (the second equation)]

2S = 10

Therefore, S, the number of tanks that hold 6 fish, is 5.

Example Question #42 : Systems Of Equations

The distance from Fred’s home to his church is 3 miles less than twice the distance from his church to his mosque.  If the entire drive is 54 miles, how many miles is his church from his home?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Let  be the distance from home to church

Let  be the distance from church to mosque

Example Question #252 : Algebra

4x + 9y + 7 = 0

2x – 3y + 6 = 0

What is y?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

To solve for y, first eliminate x by adding the two equations together such that the x’s factor out:

4x + 9y + 7 = 0

(–2)2x – (–2) 3y + (–2) 6 = (–2)0 (Multiply this equation by a factor of –2 so that 4x – 4x = 0)

Therefore, the two equations added together are:

(4x + 9y + 7 = 0) + (–4x –(–6)y +(–12) = 0) = (0 + 15y – 5 = 0)

15y = 5

y = 1/3

Example Question #61 : New Sat Math Calculator

Julie has  coins, all dimes and quarters. The total value of all her coins is . How many dimes and quarters does Julie have?

Possible Answers:

 quarters and  dimes

 quarters and  dimes

 quarters and  dimes

 quarters and  dimes

 quarters and  dimes

Correct answer:

 quarters and  dimes

Explanation:

Let  be the number of dimes Julie has and  be the numbers of quarters she has. The number of dimes and the number of quarters add up to  coins. The value of all quarters and dimes is . We can then write the following system of equations:

To use substitution to solve the problem, begin by rearranging the first equation so that  is by itself on one side of the equals sign:

Then, we can replace  in the second equation with :

Distribute the :

Subtract  from each side of the equation:

Divide each side of the equation by :

Now, we can insert our value for  into the first equation and solve for :

Julie has  quarters and  dimes.

Example Question #1 : How To Find The Solution To An Inequality With Division

Solve for .

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

For the second equation, solve for  in terms of .

Plug this value of y into the first equation.

Example Question #1 : How To Evaluate Algebraic Expressions

A store sells 17 coffee mugs for $169. Some of the mugs are $12 each and some are $7 each. How many $7 coffee mugs were sold?

Possible Answers:

10

7

8

6

9

Correct answer:

7

Explanation:

The answer is 7. 

Write two independent equations that represent the problem. 

x + y = 17 and 12x + 7y = 169

If we solve the first equation for x, we get x = 17 – y and we can plug this into the second equation. 

12(17 – y) + 7y = 169

204 – 12y + 7y =169

–5y = –35

y = 7

Example Question #261 : Algebra

What is the value of  in the following system of equations? Round your answer to the hundredths place.

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

You can solve this problem in a number of ways, but one way to solve it is by using substitution. You can begin to do that by solving for  in the first equation:

Now, you can substitute in that value of  into the second equation and solve for :

Let's consider this equation as adding a negative 3 rather than subtracting a 3 to make distributing easier:

Distribute the negative 3:

We can now combine like variables and solve for :

Example Question #31 : How To Find The Solution For A System Of Equations

What is the solution of  for the systems of equations?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

We add the two systems of equations:

For the Left Hand Side:

For the Right Hand Side:

So our resulting equation is:

 

Divide both sides by 10:

For the Left Hand Side:

For the Right Hand Side:

Our result is:

Example Question #2 : Linear Equations With Whole Numbers

What is the solution of  that satisfies both equations?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Reduce the second system by dividing by 3.

Second Equation:

     We this by 3.

Then we subtract the first equation from our new equation.

First Equation:

First Equation - Second Equation:

Left Hand Side:

Right Hand Side:

Our result is:

Example Question #31 : Basic Arithmetic

What is the solution of  for the two systems of equations?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

We first add both systems of equations.

Left Hand Side:

Right Hand Side:

Our resulting equation is:

 

We divide both sides by 3.

Left Hand Side:

Right Hand Side:

Our resulting equation is:

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