PSAT Math : How to find f(x)

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for PSAT Math

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Example Questions

Example Question #2802 : Sat Mathematics

If \displaystyle f(x)=x+\frac{1}{x}, find the value of \displaystyle f(4).

Possible Answers:

\displaystyle \frac{17}{4}

\displaystyle 1

\displaystyle 4

\displaystyle 17

\displaystyle \frac{41}{4}

Correct answer:

\displaystyle \frac{17}{4}

Explanation:

f(4) = 4 + 1/4 = 16/4 + 1/4 = 17/4

Example Question #61 : How To Find F(X)

If \displaystyle f(x) = x + 8 and \displaystyle g(x) = x^2 + x, what is \displaystyle g(f(3))?

Possible Answers:

20

132

100

104

19

Correct answer:

132

Explanation:

g is a function of f, and f is a function of 3, so you must work inside out.

f(3) = 11

g(f(3)) = g(11) = 121 + 11 = 132

Example Question #62 : How To Find F(X)

Jamie buys a new fish tank. It is 45% full. She adds seven more liters of water, and it is 65% full. What is the capacity of Jamie's new fish tank?

Possible Answers:

27 liters

None of the other answers are correct.

48 liters

22 liters

35 liters

Correct answer:

35 liters

Explanation:

The algebraic expression for x, the capacity of the fishtank is:

0.45x+7=0.65x\displaystyle 0.45x+7=0.65x

0.45x+7-0.45x=0.65x-0.45x\displaystyle 0.45x+7-0.45x=0.65x-0.45x

0.2x=7\displaystyle 0.2x=7

0.2x\times\frac{1}{0.2}=7\times\frac{1}{0.2}\displaystyle 0.2x\times\frac{1}{0.2}=7\times\frac{1}{0.2}

x=35\hspace{1 mm}L\displaystyle x=35\hspace{1 mm}L

The capacity of the fishtank is 35 liters.

Example Question #2804 : Sat Mathematics

\displaystyle f(x)=2x+6

 

\displaystyle g(x)=3x-3

 

\displaystyle 2f(x)-g(x)+2=?

 

 

Possible Answers:

\displaystyle 7x + 17

\displaystyle x + 11

\displaystyle x + 5

\displaystyle 5x + 11

\displaystyle x + 17

Correct answer:

\displaystyle x + 17

Explanation:

When we multiply a function by a constant, we multiply each value in the function by that constant. Thus, 2f(x) = 4x + 12. We then subtract g(x) from that function, making sure to distribute the negative sign throughout the function. Subtracting g(x) from 4x + 12 gives us 4x + 12 - (3x - 3) = 4x + 12 - 3x + 3 = x + 15. We then add 2 to x + 15, giving us our answer of x + 17.

Example Question #63 : How To Find F(X)

If f(t)=6+(4-t)^2\displaystyle f(t)=6+(4-t)^2, what is the smallest possible value of f(t)\displaystyle f(t)?

Possible Answers:

6

10

4

12

8

Correct answer:

6

Explanation:

This equation describes a parabola whose vertex is located at the point (4, 6). No matter how large or small the value of t gets, the smallest that f(t) can ever be is 6 because the parabola is concave up. To prove this to yourself you can plug in different values of t and see if you ever get anything smaller than 6.

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Example Question #34 : Algebraic Functions

If f(x)=x^{2}+3\displaystyle f(x)=x^{2}+3, then f(x+h)=\displaystyle f(x+h)= ?

Possible Answers:

x^{2}+h^{2}+3\displaystyle x^{2}+h^{2}+3

x^{2}+h^{2}\displaystyle x^{2}+h^{2}

x^{2}+3+h\displaystyle x^{2}+3+h

x^{2}+2xh+h^{2}\displaystyle x^{2}+2xh+h^{2}

x^{2}+2xh+h^{2}+3\displaystyle x^{2}+2xh+h^{2}+3

Correct answer:

x^{2}+2xh+h^{2}+3\displaystyle x^{2}+2xh+h^{2}+3

Explanation:

To find f(x+h)\displaystyle f(x+h) when f(x)=x^{2}+3\displaystyle f(x)=x^{2}+3, we substitute (x+h)\displaystyle (x+h) for x\displaystyle x in f(x)\displaystyle f(x).

Thus, f(x+h)=(x+h)^{2}+3\displaystyle f(x+h)=(x+h)^{2}+3.

We expand (x+h)^{2}\displaystyle (x+h)^{2}  to x^{2}+xh+xh+h^{2}\displaystyle x^{2}+xh+xh+h^{2}.

We can combine like terms to get x^{2}+2xh+h^{2}\displaystyle x^{2}+2xh+h^{2}.

We add 3 to this result to get our final answer.

Example Question #64 : How To Find F(X)

Letf(x)\displaystyle f(x)  and g(x)\displaystyle g(x) be functions such that f(x)=\frac{1}{x-3}\displaystyle f(x)=\frac{1}{x-3}, and f(g(x))=g(f(x))=x\displaystyle f(g(x))=g(f(x))=x. Which of the following is equal to g(x)\displaystyle g(x)?

Possible Answers:

\frac{1}{x+3}\displaystyle \frac{1}{x+3}

\frac{3x+1}{x}\displaystyle \frac{3x+1}{x}

\frac{4}{x}\displaystyle \frac{4}{x}

\frac{x}{x-3}\displaystyle \frac{x}{x-3}

\frac{x}{x+3}\displaystyle \frac{x}{x+3}

Correct answer:

\frac{3x+1}{x}\displaystyle \frac{3x+1}{x}

Explanation:

If \dpi{100} h(x) and \dpi{100} k(x) are defined as inverse functions, then \dpi{100} h(k(x))=k(h(x))=x. Thus, according to the definition of inverse functions, \dpi{100} f(x) and \dpi{100} g(x) given in the problem must be inverse functions.

If we want to find the inverse of a function, the most straighforward method is usually replacing \dpi{100} f(x) with \dpi{100} y, swapping \dpi{100} y and \dpi{100} x, and then solving for \dpi{100} y.

We want to find the inverse of f(x)=\frac{1}{x-3}\displaystyle f(x)=\frac{1}{x-3}. First, we will replace \dpi{100} f(x) with \dpi{100} y.

y = \frac{1}{x-3}\displaystyle y = \frac{1}{x-3}

Next, we will swap \dpi{100} x and \dpi{100} y.

x = \frac{1}{y-3}\displaystyle x = \frac{1}{y-3}

Lastly, we will solve for \dpi{100} y. The equation that we obtain in terms of \dpi{100} x will be in the inverse of \dpi{100} f(x), which equals \dpi{100} g(x).

We can treat x = \frac{1}{y-3}\displaystyle x = \frac{1}{y-3} as a proportion, \frac{x}{1} = \frac{1}{y-3}\displaystyle \frac{x}{1} = \frac{1}{y-3}. This allows us to cross multiply and set the results equal to one another.

x(y-3)= 1\displaystyle x(y-3)= 1

We want to get y by itself, so let's divide both sides by x.

y-3=\frac{1}{x}\displaystyle y-3=\frac{1}{x}

Next, we will add 3 to both sides.

y=\frac{1}{x}+3\displaystyle y=\frac{1}{x}+3

To combine the right side, we will need to rewrite 3 so that it has a denominator of \dpi{100} x.

y=\frac{1}{x}+3 = \frac{1}{x}+\frac{3x}{x}=\frac{3x+1}{x}\displaystyle y=\frac{1}{x}+3 = \frac{1}{x}+\frac{3x}{x}=\frac{3x+1}{x}

The answer is \frac{3x+1}{x}\displaystyle \frac{3x+1}{x}.

Example Question #65 : Algebraic Functions

 .

\displaystyle \small \small f\left ( 4\right )-f\left ( 2\right )=\,?

Possible Answers:

\displaystyle \small 2

\displaystyle \small 10

\displaystyle \small 6

\displaystyle \small 8

\displaystyle \small 14

Correct answer:

\displaystyle \small 10

Explanation:

\displaystyle \small f\left ( x\right )=5x - 2

\displaystyle \small f\left ( 4\right )=5\left ( 4\right )-2 = 18

\displaystyle \small f\left ( 2\right )=5\left ( 2\right )-2 = 8

\displaystyle \small 18-8 = 10

Example Question #65 : How To Find F(X)

Let the function f be defined by f(x)=x-t. If f(12)=4, what is the value of f(0.5*t)?

 

Possible Answers:

\displaystyle 4

\displaystyle 12

\displaystyle 8

\displaystyle -4

Correct answer:

\displaystyle -4

Explanation:

First we substitute in 12 for x and set the equation up as 12-t=4. We then get t=8, and substitute that for t and get f(0.5*8), giving us f(4). Plugging 4 in for x, and using t=8 that we found before, gives us:

f(4) = 4 - 8 = -4

 

 

Example Question #68 : Algebraic Functions

Which of the following is equal to \displaystyle 6 if \displaystyle f(x) = (x+3)^{2}-3?

Possible Answers:

\displaystyle f(-1)

\displaystyle f(-4)

\displaystyle f(0)

\displaystyle f(-2)

\displaystyle f(1)

Correct answer:

\displaystyle f(0)

Explanation:

To solve, we can set the given function equal to six and solve for \displaystyle x.

\displaystyle 6= (x+3)^{2}-3

Add 3 to each side:

\displaystyle 9=(x+3)^2

Take the square root. Remember that the root can be positive OR negative:

\displaystyle \pm3=x+3

Subtract 3 from each side. It will be easiest to separate the equation into two parts:

\displaystyle 3=x+3\ \text{or}\ -3=x+3

\displaystyle 0=x\ \text{or}\ -6=x

Now we know that \displaystyle x is equal to \displaystyle 0 or \displaystyle -6. Based on the available answer options, the correct choice must be \displaystyle f(0).

 

You can also solve this question by checking each answer option separately; you should find the same final answer.

Substitute each of the answer choices to see which one makes the equation equal to 6.

\displaystyle f(1)=(1+3)^{2}-3=4^2-3=16-3=13

\displaystyle f(-1) = (-1+3)^2-3 = 2^2-3 = 4-3 =1 

\displaystyle f(-2) =(-2+3)^2-3 = 1^2 - 3 = 1-3= -2

\displaystyle f(-4)= (-4+3)^2 - 3 = (-1)^2 - 3 = 1-3 = - 2

\displaystyle f(0) = (0+3)^2 -3=9-3=6

The answer to this question is \displaystyle f(0). No other answer makes the equation equal 6.

 

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