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Physical Chemistry : Michaelis-Menton Analysis

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Example Questions

Example Question #1 : Reaction Kinetics

Which of the following is true regarding the Michaelis constant?

Possible Answers:

It is the substrate concentration at which the reaction rate is half of maximum

It is the enzyme concentration at which the reaction rate is half of maximum

It is the substrate concentration at which the reaction rate is at maximum

It is the enzyme concentration at which the reaction rate is at maximum

Correct answer:

It is the substrate concentration at which the reaction rate is half of maximum

Explanation:

Michaelis constant, or K_m , is defined as the concentration of substrate at which the reaction rate is half the maximum ( V_m_a_x ). It is a useful measure of how much substrate is needed for reaction to proceed rapidly. A reaction with a high Michaelis constant will need lots of substrate to reach high reaction rates whereas a reaction with low Michaelis constant will need small amounts of substrate to reach high reaction rates.

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Example Question #1 : Michaelis Menton Analysis

Which of the following will have the greatest increase in reaction rate?

Possible Answers:

Increasing the maximum velocity by a factor of 2

Increasing the substrate concentration by a factor of 2

Increasing the Michaelis constant by a factor of 2

Decreasing the substrate concentration by a factor of 2

Correct answer:

Increasing the maximum velocity by a factor of 2

Explanation:

Reaction rate, according to Michaelis-Menten model is as follows.

$V = \frac{V_m_a_x [S]}{K_m + [S]}$

where is reaction rate, V_m_a_x is maximum reaction rate, [S] is substrate concentration, and K_m is the Michaelis constant. If we analyze the given options, we will observe that the greatest increase in occurs when V_m_a_x is doubled (increased by a factor of 2). Increasing substrate concentration by a factor of 2 will have nearly the same effect; however, since [S] is also found in the denominator it will only slightly contribute to an increase in .

Note that the units for [S] is molarity, K_m is molarity, and V_m_a_x is $\frac{mmol}{min}$ . Solving for will give us units of $\frac{mmol}{min}$ .

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Example Question #1 : Equilibrium And Kinetics

Consider the following reaction parameters.

$V_m_a_x = 0.2\frac{mmol}{min}$

Substrate concentration =

Michaelis constant = 0.4M

What can you conclude about the reaction rate?

Possible Answers:

The reaction rate is $0.125\frac{mmol}{min}$

The reaction rate is $0.333\frac{mmol}{min}$

The reaction rate cannot be determined from the given information

The reaction rate is $0.167\frac{mmol}{min}$

Correct answer:

The reaction rate is $0.167\frac{mmol}{min}$

Explanation:

To solve this problem we need to use the Michaelis-Menten equation.

$V = \frac{V_m_a_x [S]}{K_m+[S]}$

where is reaction rate, V_m_a_x is maximum reaction rate, [S] is substrate concentration, and K_m is the Michaelis constant. If we plug in the given values we get a reaction rate of

$V = \frac{0.2\frac{mmol}{min} \times 2M}{0.4M + 2M}$

$V = 0.167\frac{mmol}{min}$

Note that the Michaelis-Menten equation implies that the will never exceed V_m_a_x . Regardless of how high the substrate concentration is, the reaction rate will approach V_m_a_x but will never equal or exceed it. You can try this by substituting very high values for substrate concentration. The will get very close to 0.2 ( V_m_a_x ) but will never equal or exceed it.

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Example Question #1 : Reaction Kinetics

The Michaelis-Menten model implies that __________ the Michaelis constant will __________ the reaction rate.

Possible Answers:

decreasing . . . decrease

increasing . . . decrease

increasing . . . not change

decreasing . . . not change

Correct answer:

increasing . . . decrease

Explanation:

The Michaelis-Menten equation is as follows.

$V = \frac{V_m_a_x [S]}{K_m + [S]}$

Where is reaction rate, V_m_a_x is maximum reaction rate, [S] is substrate concentration, and K_m is the Michaelis constant. Since the Michaelis constant, K_m , is in the denominator, the reaction rate is inversely proportional to the Michaelis constant; therefore, increasing the Michaelis constant will decrease the reaction rate.

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Physical Chemistry : Michaelis-Menton Analysis

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for Physical Chemistry

All Physical Chemistry Resources

Example Questions

Example Question #1 : Reaction Kinetics

Example Question #1 : Michaelis Menton Analysis

Example Question #1 : Equilibrium And Kinetics

Example Question #1 : Reaction Kinetics

All Physical Chemistry Resources

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