New SAT Writing and Language : New SAT

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for New SAT Writing and Language

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Example Questions

Example Question #1 : Pattern Behaviors In Exponents

A truck was bought for \(\displaystyle \$ 20,000\) in 2008, and it depreciates at a rate of \(\displaystyle 13\%\) per year. What is the value of the truck in 2016? Round to the nearest cent.

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle y= 6564.23\)

\(\displaystyle y= 6664.23\)

\(\displaystyle y= 5664.23\)

\(\displaystyle y= 6764.23\)

\(\displaystyle y= 16564\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle y= 6564.23\)

Explanation:

The first step is to convert the depreciation rate into a decimal. \(\displaystyle 13\%=0.13\). Now lets recall the exponential decay model. \(\displaystyle y=C(1-r)^t\), where \(\displaystyle C\) is the starting amount of money, \(\displaystyle r\) is the annual rate of decay, and \(\displaystyle t\) is time (in years). After substituting, we get

 

\(\displaystyle y=20000(1-0.13)^8\)

\(\displaystyle y=20000(0.87)^8\)

\(\displaystyle y=20000\cdot 0.3282117\)

\(\displaystyle y= 6564.23\)

 

Example Question #191 : New Sat

What is \(\displaystyle 320^{\circ}\) in radians?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \frac{16}{9}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{9\pi}{16}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{\pi}{9}\)

\(\displaystyle -\frac{13\pi}{9}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{16\pi}{9}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{16\pi}{9}\)

Explanation:

To convert degrees to radians, we need to remember the following formula.

\(\displaystyle \mbox{degrees}\cdot \frac{\pi}{180}\).

Now lets substitute for degrees.

\(\displaystyle 320\cdot \frac{\pi}{180}=\frac{16\pi}{9}\)

Example Question #192 : New Sat

Trans

Lines P and Q are parallel. Find the value of \(\displaystyle x\).

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle x=5 + \sqrt{ 205}\)

\(\displaystyle x=\pm \sqrt{ 205}\)

\(\displaystyle x=-5+ \sqrt{ 205}\)

\(\displaystyle x=-5- \sqrt{ 205}\)

\(\displaystyle x= \sqrt{ 205}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle x=-5+ \sqrt{ 205}\)

Explanation:

Since these are complementary angles, we can set up the following equation.

\(\displaystyle x^2+4+10x-4=180\)

\(\displaystyle x^2+10x=180\)

\(\displaystyle x^2+10x-180=0\)

 

Now we will use the quadratic formula to solve for \(\displaystyle x\).

\(\displaystyle x=\frac{-b\pm\sqrt{b^2-4ac}}{2a}\)

\(\displaystyle x=\frac{-10\pm \sqrt{10^2-4(1)(-180)}}{2(1)}\)

\(\displaystyle x=\frac{-10\pm \sqrt{100+720}}{2}\)

\(\displaystyle x=\frac{-10\pm \sqrt{820}}{2}\)

\(\displaystyle x=\frac{-10\pm \sqrt{4\cdot 205}}{2}\)

\(\displaystyle x=\frac{-10\pm 2\sqrt{ 205}}{2}\)

\(\displaystyle x=-5\pm \sqrt{ 205}\)

Note, however, that the measure of an angle cannot be negative, so \(\displaystyle x=-5- \sqrt{ 205}\) is not a viable answer. The correct answer, then, is \(\displaystyle x=-5+ \sqrt{ 205}\)

 

Example Question #193 : New Sat

Find the equation of a line that goes through the points \(\displaystyle (0,3)\), and \(\displaystyle (-10,4)\).

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle y=-\frac{1}{10}x+3\)

\(\displaystyle y=-\frac{1}{10}x\)

\(\displaystyle y=-10x\)

\(\displaystyle y=-10x+3\)

\(\displaystyle y=-13x\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle y=-\frac{1}{10}x+3\)

Explanation:

For finding the equation of a line, we will be using point-slope form, which is

\(\displaystyle y-y_0=m(x-x_0)\), where \(\displaystyle m\) is the slope, and \(\displaystyle (x_0, y_0)\) is a point. 

\(\displaystyle m=\frac{y_2-y_1}{x_2-x_1}=\frac{4-3}{-10-0}=\frac{1}{-10}=-\frac{1}{10}\)

We will pick the point \(\displaystyle (0,3)\)

\(\displaystyle y-3=-\frac{1}{10}(x-0)\)

\(\displaystyle y=-\frac{1}{10}x+3\)

If we picked the point \(\displaystyle (-10,4)\)

 

\(\displaystyle y-4=-\frac{1}{10}(x+10)\)

\(\displaystyle y=-\frac{1}{10}x-1+4\)

\(\displaystyle y=-\frac{1}{10}x+3\)

We get the same result

Example Question #194 : New Sat

Find the equation of a line that passes through the point \(\displaystyle (-2,5)\), and is parallel to the line \(\displaystyle y=-3x+4\).

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle y=-3x-3\)

\(\displaystyle y=-3x-1\)

\(\displaystyle y=-3x-10\)

\(\displaystyle y=-3x\)

\(\displaystyle y=-3x+1\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle y=-3x-1\)

Explanation:

Since we want a line that is parallel, we will have the same slope as the line \(\displaystyle (-3)\). We can use point slope form to create an equation.

\(\displaystyle y-y_0=m(x-x_0)\), where \(\displaystyle m\) is the slope and \(\displaystyle (x_0, y_0)\) is a point.

\(\displaystyle y-5=-3(x-(-2))\)

\(\displaystyle y-5=-3(x+2)\)

\(\displaystyle y-5=-3x-6\)

\(\displaystyle y=-3x-1\)

Example Question #3 : How To Find The Perimeter Of A Figure

A rectangular garden has an area of \(\displaystyle 80\: \mbox{m^2}\). Its length is \(\displaystyle 2\) meters longer than its width. How much fencing is needed to enclose the garden?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 54\: \mbox{meters}\)

\(\displaystyle 18\: \mbox{meters}\)

\(\displaystyle 40\: \mbox{meters}\)

\(\displaystyle 24\: \mbox{meters}\)

\(\displaystyle 36\: \mbox{meters}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 36\: \mbox{meters}\)

Explanation:

We define the variables as \(\displaystyle w = \mbox{width}\) and \(\displaystyle l = \mbox{length} = w + 2\).

We substitute these values into the equation for the area of a rectangle and get \(\displaystyle A_{\mbox{rectangle} }= wl = w(w + 2) = 80\)

\(\displaystyle w^2 +2w-80=0\)

\(\displaystyle (w - 8)(w + 10) = 0\)

\(\displaystyle w = 8\) or \(\displaystyle w = -10\)

Lengths cannot be negative, so the only correct answer is \(\displaystyle w = 8\). If \(\displaystyle w = 8\), then \(\displaystyle l = 10\)

Therefore, \(\displaystyle \mbox{perimeter }= 2w + 2l = 16 + 20 = 36\:\mbox{m}\).

Example Question #195 : New Sat

If \(\displaystyle 3x + 72 = 9x + 120\), what does \(\displaystyle x\) equal?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle -8\)

\(\displaystyle -4\)

\(\displaystyle 8\)

\(\displaystyle 32\)

\(\displaystyle -16\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle -8\)

Explanation:

Subtract \(\displaystyle 9x\) and \(\displaystyle 72\) from the both sides to get \(\displaystyle -6x = 48\)

Divide both sides by \(\displaystyle -6\), to get

 \(\displaystyle x=\frac{48}{-6}=-8\)

Example Question #671 : Sat Mathematics

Screen shot 2016 02 10 at 1.10.30 pm

What is the equation of the graph?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle y=2x^2 +4x+4\)

\(\displaystyle y=ax^2-4x+4\)

\(\displaystyle y=2x^2-4x+4\)

\(\displaystyle y=x^2-4x-4\)

\(\displaystyle y=2x^2-4x-4\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle y=2x^2-4x+4\)

Explanation:

In order to figure out what the equation of the image is, we need to find the vertex. From the graph we can determine that the vertex is at \(\displaystyle (1,2)\). We can use vertex form to solve for the equation of this graph.

Recall vertex form,

\(\displaystyle y=a(x-h)^2+k\), where \(\displaystyle h\) is the \(\displaystyle x\) coordinate of the vertex, and \(\displaystyle k\) is the \(\displaystyle y\) coordinate of the vertex.

Plugging in our values, we get

\(\displaystyle y=a(x-1)^2+2\)

To solve for \(\displaystyle a\), we need to pick a point on the graph and plug it into our equation.

I will pick \(\displaystyle (-1,10)\).

\(\displaystyle 10=a(-1-1)^2+2\)

\(\displaystyle 10=a(-2)^2+2\)

\(\displaystyle 10=4a+2\)

\(\displaystyle 8=4a\)

\(\displaystyle a=\frac{8}{4}=2\)

Now our equation is

\(\displaystyle y=2(x-1)^2+2\)

Let's expand this,

\(\displaystyle y=2(x^2-2x+1)+2\)

\(\displaystyle y=2x^2-4x+2+2\)

\(\displaystyle y=2x^2-4x+4\)

Example Question #196 : New Sat

Which expression is equivalent to the following quotient? For \(\displaystyle b>0, c>0\).

\(\displaystyle \frac{10a^2b^{-3}c^3}{5bc^2}\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \frac{2a^{-2}c}{b^4}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{2a^2c^0}{b^4}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{2ac}{b^2}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{2a^2c}{b^4}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{2a^2c}{b^{-4}}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{2a^2c}{b^4}\)

Explanation:

All we need to do is remember the quotient rule for exponents.

\(\displaystyle \frac{a^n}{a^m}=a^{n-m}\)

We apply this to each term and we get the following.

\(\displaystyle \frac{10a^2b^{-3}c^3}{5bc^2}=2a^2b^{-3-1}c^{3-2}=2a^2b^{-4}c^1=\frac{2a^2c}{b^4}\)

 

Example Question #2 : How To Find The Solution To A Rational Equation With Lcd

Solve for x:

\(\displaystyle \frac{x+3}{7}=3\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle x=24\)

\(\displaystyle x=6\)

\(\displaystyle x=18\)

\(\displaystyle x=42\)

\(\displaystyle x=0\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle x=18\)

Explanation:

The first step is to cancel out the denominator by multiplying both sides by 7:

\(\displaystyle 7\cdot \frac{x+3}{7}=3\cdot7\)

\(\displaystyle x+3=21\)

Subtract 3 from both sides to get \(\displaystyle x\) by itself:

\(\displaystyle x+3-3=21-3\)

\(\displaystyle x=18\)

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