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Example Questions
Example Question #5 : Other Biology Concepts
What type of cell is embedded in the olfactory epithelium?
Supporting cells
Olfactory sensory neurons
Basal cells
All of these
All of these
There are three types of cells embedded in the olfactory epithelium: basal cells, supporting cells, and olfactory sensory neurons. All three of these cells play a significant role in the sense of smell, though the olfactory sensory neurons are the only cell type that actually respond to chemical stimuli.
Example Question #475 : Nclex
All of the following parts of the brain are involved in olfactory sense and recognition except which of the following?
The arcuate nucleus
The piriform complex
The orbitofrontal cortex
The insula
The arcuate nucleus
The olfactory perception is managed by several parts of the brain, the primary areas being the piriform cortex, the insula, and the orbitofrontal cortex. Other lesser involved areas of the brain include the anterior olfactory nucleus, the amygdala, the entorhinal cortex, and the olfactory tubercle.
The arcuate nucleus is an area of the hypothalamus that is involved in regulation of hunger and satiety.
Example Question #476 : Nclex
Where is the olfactory epithelium is located?
The roof of the nasal cavity
The sphenoid sinus
The inferior turbinate
The eustachian tube
The roof of the nasal cavity
The olfactory epithelium is located at the roof of the nasal cavity in a relatively large area that includes the superior turbinate and the superior portion of the nasal septum. There are no specialized olfactory cells on the inferior turbinates, and no olfactory receptors in either the sphenoid sinus of the eustachian tube.
Example Question #171 : General Biology
Which of the following tastes has the lowest detection threshold?
Salty
Sweet
Sour
Bitter
Bitter
The human tongue can detect bitter flavors at concentrations as low as 8 micromolars per liter. In comparison, in the average person the detection threshold for sucrose is 10 millimoles per liter. The reason for the extreme sensitivity of the human tongue to bitter flavors may be protective, as many poisonous or toxic substances have a bitter taste.
Example Question #172 : General Biology
All taste buds of the tongue are located in what structure(s)?
In the terminal sulcus
In the palatoglossal arch
In the apex
In the papillae
In the papillae
Taste buds are located in the papillae of the tongue, a group of structures lining the surface of the tongue from the apex to the base. These papillae are also present in the cheek, the soft palate, the epiglottis, and the upper esophagus. They are not present in the palatoglossal arch.
Example Question #171 : General Biology
Of the four types of lingual papillae, which is the only type that does not contain taste buds?
Filiform papillae
Circumvallate papillae
Fungiform papillae
Foliate papillae
Filiform papillae
Filiform papillae, the most numerous of the lingual papillae, is the only type that does not contain taste buds. Rather, they serve to move food toward the esophagus, cleanse the interior of the mouth, and spread saliva onto food and mucus membranes.
Example Question #171 : Other General Biology
Which of the following cranial nerves is not involved in the sensation of taste?
The glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve IX)
The vagus nerve (cranial nerve X)
The facial nerve (cranial nerve VII)
The trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V)
The trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V)
The sensation of taste is carried to the brainstem by three cranial nerves: the facial nerve (CN VII), the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX), and the vagus nerve (CN X). The facial and glossopharyngeal nerves both communicate sensation from the tongue, while the vagus nerve transmits sensory information from the epiglottis. The trigeminal nerve (CN V) is not directly involved in the sensation of taste, though there is evidence that it is involved in the senses of "heat" and "coolness" experienced while eating spicy or minty foods.
Example Question #12 : Other Biology Concepts
In addition to the tongue, epiglottis, and pharynx, taste receptors are located in which of the following organs?
The lung
The pancreas
The testicle
All of these are correct
All of these are correct
In addition to the taste receptors in the mouth and pharynx, taste receptors are located in many other areas of the body. These including the lung (which has taste receptors for bitter flavors, possibly as a mechanism to protect against airborne toxins), the pancreas, the small intestine, the stomach, the brain, and the testis. While the function of taste receptors in the testes is not well known, some research indicates that testicular taste receptors may play an important role in male fertility.
Example Question #13 : Other Biology Concepts
Which of the following tastes is not associated with a G protein-coupled receptor?
Salty
Sweet
Umami
Bitter
Salty
Sweet, umami, and bitter taste are all correlated with receptors for guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, also known as G proteins. Taste bud receptors that transmit information about saltiness are triggered by sodium ion channels in the cell wall.
Example Question #13 : Other Biology Concepts
Which of the following is not a form of lingual papillae?
Fungiform
Stratified
Foliate
Circumvallate
Stratified
The four types of lingual papillae are fungiform (mushroom-shaped), filiform ("thread-like"), circumvallate, and foliate.
Filiform papillae are the most numerous, covering the majority of the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. Fungiform papillae are scattered along the surface of the tongue, but are more concentrated on the tip and sides of the tongue. Foliate papillae are located on the sides and back of the tongue, and circumvallate papillae are the large, round papillae visible in a row on the posterior aspect of the tongue, just anterior to the foramen cecum and sulcus terminalis.
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