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ISEE Upper Level Quantitative : Variables

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All ISEE Upper Level Quantitative Resources

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Example Questions

Example Question #51 : Operations

Which is the greater quantity?

(b) $(-7) \cdot x+ (-4)$

Possible Answers:

(a) is the greater quantity

(a) and (b) are equal

It cannot be determined which of (a) and (b) is greater

(b) is the greater quantity

Correct answer:

(a) is the greater quantity

Explanation:

Suppose is nonnegative.

Then |x| = x .

Consequently,

which must be positive,

and

$(-7) \cdot x+ (-4) = -7x-4$ ,

which is the opposite of 7 x +4 and consequently must be negative. Therefore, (a) is greater.

Suppose is negative.

Then |x| = -x .

Consequently,

and

$(-7) \cdot x+ (-4) = -7x-4$ .

4 > -4 , so

-7x+4> -7x-4 ,

and (a) is greater.

(a) is the greater quantity either way.

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Example Question #52 : Variables

Define f (x) = 3x . The graph of g(x) is a line with slope $\frac{1}{2}$ .

$(g \circ f) (2) = 6$ .

Which is the greater quantity?

(a) f(2)

(b) g(2)

Possible Answers:

It is impossible to determine which is greater from the information given

(a) is the greater quantity

(b) is the greater quantity

(a) and (b) are equal

Correct answer:

(a) is the greater quantity

Explanation:

f (x) = 3x , so $f (2) = 3 \cdot 2 = 6$ .

$(g \circ f) (2) = 6$ , so, by definition, g[ f (2) ] = 6 , or g(6) = 6 .

The graph of g(x) is a line through the point with coordinates (6,6) and with slope $\frac{1}{2}$ . The equation of the line can be determined by setting $g(x) = x = 6 , m = \frac{1}{2}$ in the slope-intercept form:

g(x) = mx+ b

$6 = \frac{1}{2} \cdot 6+ b$

6= 3+ b

b = 3 .

The equation of the line is $g(x) = \frac{1}{2} x+ 3$ , which makes this the definition of g(x) . By setting x= 2 ,

$g(2) = \frac{1}{2} \cdot 2+ 3 = 1 + 3 = 4$ .

Therefore, f(2)> g(2)

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Example Question #51 : Operations

x- y = 125 ; and are both positive.

Which is the greater quantity?

(a) | y - x|

(b) | y + x|

Possible Answers:

It is impossible to determine which is greater from the information given

(b) is the greater quantity

(a) is the greater quantity

(a) and (b) are equal

Correct answer:

(b) is the greater quantity

Explanation:

If x- y = 125 ,

then

y - x = - (x-y) = -125 .

The absolute value of a negative number is its (positive) opposite, so

|y - x |= | -125| = 125

Also, if and are both positive, then y + x is positive; the absolute value of a positive number is the number itself, so | y + x| = y+ x . Since x- y = 125 , it follows that x = 125 + y . Therefore,

| y + x| = y+ x = y + (125+y ) = 125 + 2y

Since is given to be positive,

125 + 2y > 125 .

and

| y + x| > |y - x|

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Example Question #211 : Algebraic Concepts

Simplify:

$5x^{2} y ^{2}+7 + 6x^{2}y^{2} + 11 xy$

Possible Answers:

The expression cannot be simplified further

$11x^{2}y^{2}+ 11 xy +7$

$22x^{3}y^{3}+7$

$29x^{3}y^{3}$

$30x^{2}y^{2}+ 11 xy +7$

Correct answer:

$11x^{2}y^{2}+ 11 xy +7$

Explanation:

Group and combine like terms $5x^{2} y ^{2},6x^{2}y^{2}$ :

$5x^{2} y ^{2}+7 + 6x^{2}y^{2} + 11 xy$

$= 5x^{2} y ^{2}+ 6x^{2}y^{2}+ 11 xy +7$

$=\left ( 5+ 6 \right )x^{2}y^{2}+ 11 xy +7$

$=11x^{2}y^{2}+ 11 xy +7$

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Example Question #51 : Variables

x > 0, y < 0

Which is the greater quantity?

(a) $(x + y)^{2}$

(b) $x^{2}+ y^{2}$

Possible Answers:

It is impossible to tell from the information given.

(b) is greater.

(a) is greater.

(a) and (b) are equal.

Correct answer:

(b) is greater.

Explanation:

$(x + y)^{2} = x^{2}+2xy + y^{2}$

Since and have different signs,

xy<0 , and, subsequently,

2xy < 0

Therefore,

$(x + y)^{2} = x^{2}+2xy + y^{2} < x^{2} + y^{2}$

This makes (b) the greater quantity.

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Example Question #1 : How To Add Exponential Variables

Assume that and are not both zero. Which is the greater quantity?

(a) $\frac{(x+y)^{2} + (x - y)^{2}}{x^{2}+y^{2}}$

(b) 4xy

Possible Answers:

(a) and (b) are equal.

It is impossible to tell from the information given.

(a) is greater.

(b) is greater.

Correct answer:

It is impossible to tell from the information given.

Explanation:

Simplify the expression in (a):

$\frac{(x+y)^{2} + (x - y)^{2}}{x^{2}+y^{2}}$

$=\frac{(x^{2}+2xy + y^{2})+ (x^{2}-2xy + y^{2})}{x^{2}+y^{2}}$

$=\frac{ x^{2}+x^{2} +2xy -2xy+ y^{2}+ y^{2}}{x^{2}+y^{2}}$

$=\frac{ 2x^{2} +2 y^{2}}{x^{2}+y^{2}} =\frac{ 2(x^{2}+y^{2})}{x^{2}+y^{2}} = 2$

Therefore, whether (a) or (b) is greater depends on the values of and , neither of which are known.

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Example Question #1 : Variables And Exponents

x > 0

Which is the greater quantity?

(a) $x^{2} + 3x$

(b)

Possible Answers:

It is impossible to tell from the information given

(b) is greater

(a) and (b) are equal

(a) is greater

Correct answer:

It is impossible to tell from the information given

Explanation:

We give at least one positive value of for which (a) is greater and at least one positive value of for which (b) is greater.

Case 1: x = 2

(a) $x^{2} + 3x = 2^{2} + 3 \cdot 2 = 4 + 6 = 10$

(b) $4x = 4 \cdot 2 = 8$

Case 2: $x = \frac{1}{2}$

(a) $x^{2} + 3x = \left ( \frac{1}{2} \right ) ^{2} + 3 \cdot \frac{1}{2} = \frac{1}{4} + \frac{3}{2} = \frac{7}{4}= 1 \frac{3}{4}$

(b) $4x = 4 \cdot \frac{1}{2} = 2$

Therefore, either (a) or (b) can be greater.

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Example Question #1 : Variables And Exponents

Assume all variables to be nonzero.

Simplify: $\left (12x^{5}y ^{4}z^{3} \right )^{0} + \left (3x^{5}y ^{4}z^{3} \right )^{0}$

Possible Answers:

$15x^{10}y ^{8}z^{6}$

None of the answer choices are correct.

$36x^{10}y ^{8}z^{6}$

$36x^{5}y ^{4}z^{3}$

$15x^{5}y ^{4}z^{3}$

Correct answer:

None of the answer choices are correct.

Explanation:

Any nonzero expression raised to the power of 0 is equal to 1. Therefore,

$\left (12x^{5}y ^{4}z^{3} \right )^{0} + \left (3x^{5}y ^{4}z^{3} \right )^{0} = 1 + 1 = 2$ .

None of the given expressions are correct.

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Example Question #2 : Variables And Exponents

Simplify:

$\left (\frac{x^{3}}{2y^{4}} \right ) ^{-3}$

Possible Answers:

$\frac{8x^{6} }{ y^{7}}$

$\frac{8x^{9} }{ y^{12}}$

$\frac{1}{2y}$

$\frac{8 y^{7} }{x^{6} }$

$\frac{8 y^{12} }{x^{9} }$

Correct answer:

$\frac{8 y^{12} }{x^{9} }$

Explanation:

$\left (\frac{x^{3}}{2y^{4}} \right ) ^{-3} = \left (\frac{2y^{4}}{x^{3}} \right ) ^{3} = \frac{2^{3} \left (y^{4}\right ) ^{3} }{\left (x^{3} \right )^{3}}= \frac{8 y^{4 \cdot 3} }{x^{3\cdot 3} }= \frac{8 y^{12} }{x^{9} }$

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Example Question #2 : How To Find The Exponent Of Variables

y>1

Which is greater?

(a) $y ^{-2}$

(b) $y^{2}$

Possible Answers:

(a) is greater

(b) is greater

It is impossible to tell from the information given

(a) and (b) are equal

Correct answer:

(b) is greater

Explanation:

If y > 1 , then $y ^{2}> 1^{2} = 1$ and $y ^{-2}= \frac{1}{y ^{2}} < \frac{1}{1} = 1$

$y ^{2}> 1> y ^{-2}$ , so by transitivity, $y ^{2}> y ^{-2}$ , and (b) is greater

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All ISEE Upper Level Quantitative Resources

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ISEE Upper Level Quantitative : Variables

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for ISEE Upper Level Quantitative

All ISEE Upper Level Quantitative Resources

Example Questions

Example Question #51 : Operations

Example Question #52 : Variables

Example Question #51 : Operations

Example Question #211 : Algebraic Concepts

Example Question #51 : Variables

Example Question #1 : How To Add Exponential Variables

Example Question #1 : Variables And Exponents

Example Question #1 : Variables And Exponents

Example Question #2 : Variables And Exponents

Example Question #2 : How To Find The Exponent Of Variables

All ISEE Upper Level Quantitative Resources

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