For this problem, use the first law of thermodynamics. The change in energy equals the increase in heat energy minus the work done.

We are given the total change in energy and the original amount of heat added. Using these values, we can solve for the work done by the system.

The first law of thermodynamics is another wording of the law of conservation of energy. Effectively it states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can change forms.

This means that, in the given situation of the ball rolling down the hill, the total initial energy equals the final kinetic energy plus heat.

The zeroth law of thermodynamics states that if a system is in equilibrium with two other systems, then the two other systems are in equilibrium with each other.

The second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a closed system will always increase.

The third law of thermodynamics states that absolute zero is the temperature at which entropy is zero.

According to the first law of thermodynamics, change in internal energy of a closed system is given by the difference between the heat energy added to the system and the work done by the system:

In an isothermal process, temperature is constant. Temperature is a measure of internal energy of the system. If temperature is constant, then there is no fluctuation of internal energy.

It can be implied that heat added to the system is equal to work done by the system.

The second law of thermodynamics states that closed systems constantly move towards a state of thermal equilibrium. Since we are looking at a closed system, that means we must be moving towards a state of equilibrium. The only way that happens is if the air cools and the water warms, until they both reach a new final temperature.

Looking at this question in terms of heat transfer, we can infer that the glass of water will warm up, but there must be a transfer of heat to the glass in order for this to occur. The heat comes from the air, causing it to cool as the glass warms.

The third law of thermodynamics states that it is impossible to decrease the temperature of a system to absolute zero in a finite number of steps. To do so would require that the entropy of the system also reaches zero, suggesting that the atoms cease vibrating in the material and it has zero net energy. Such a process is not possible.

Microwaves use radiation as the method of heat transfer. Radiation refers to heat transfer via electromagnetic waves, such as microwaves.

Conduction is heat transfer via direct contact between two objects. Convection is heat transfer via the movement of surrounding fluids. Induction is not a type of heat transfer.

Convection is heat transfer via the movement of surrounding fluids. Though conduction may be used to heat the pot, and in turn to heat the water molecules in contact with the edge of the pot, convection occurs inside the pot to transfer heat between the water molecules. This allows the water to heat evenly. Without convection occurring within the pot, the water at the outer edges would be much hotter than the water at the center.

Radiation refers to heat transfer via electromagnetic waves. Conduction is heat transfer via direct contact between two objects. Induction is not a type of heat transfer.

Heat is a form of energy, and can be used to alter the energy of chemical interactions. Ice, a solid, will be in a lower energy state than water, a liquid. The addition of heat energy allows for the increase in phase energy from solid to liquid. The energy addition is converted to a different form; thus, the temperature does not change. Conduction is heat transfer via direct contact between two objects, which describes the transfer between the hot surface and the ice.

Radiation refers to heat transfer via electromagnetic waves, such as microwaves. Convection is heat transfer via the movement of surrounding fluids. Induction is not a type of heat transfer.

Conduction is heat transfer via direct contact between two objects. As the piece of tin is in direct contact with the stove, heat can freely flow from the stove into the tin, causing it to become hotter.

Radiation refers to heat transfer via electromagnetic waves, such as microwaves. Convection is heat transfer via the movement of surrounding fluids. Induction is not a type of heat transfer.

On a cold day, the air temperature is less than your body temperature. As cold wind comes in contact with your body, heat is transferred from your body to the air moving past, making you colder. This type of heat transfer is known as convection, in which heat is transferred from an object (your body) to a fluid medium (the air).

Conduction is heat transfer due to direct contact between objects. Radiation is heat transfer due to electromagnetic waves. Induction is not a form of heat transfer.