Electrons excited in photosystem I are accepted by , thus converting  to .  is the reduced form of  and while  acts as an electron acceptor in certain reactions, the light reactions utilize  which has an extra phosphate.  and  are not used to accept electrons in this context. 

In order to keep the Calvin cycle going, the 5-carbon molecule that carbon dioxide attaches to in the first step must be remade at the end of the cycle. This molecule is called ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate, or RuBP.

C3 plants use rubisco to fix carbon dioxide; however, oxygen also competes for binding. C4 plants have evolved to use PEP carboxylase, which only binds carbon dioxide, eliminating competition with oxygen. Furthermore, C4 plants separate carbon fixation and the Calvin cycle by location, but C3 plants do not. The light reactions of C3 and C4 plants are very similar, but C4 plants are more suited for arid climates due to their ability to close their stroma for longer periods of time to prevent water loss.

The purpose of the Calvin cycle is the fixation of carbon dioxide, which essentially turns inorganic carbon dioxide into an organic compound that can be used for energy production. C3 plants only use the Calvin cycle, whereas C4 plants can use a number of processes to fix carbon, including the use of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEP carboxylase). 

ABCD correlates to anabolism=build catabolism=destroy. Anabolism is the constructive phase of metabolism during which tissues are built. Catabolism is the opposite of anabolism, representing the destructive phase of metabolism. Metabolism is the total of all the chemical changes that take place in the body.

STEVE is the pathway of sperm through the male reproductive system: Seminiferous Tubules, Epididymis, Vas Deferens, Ejaculatory duct. PAD is the layers of the meninges: Piamater, Arachnoid mater, Dura mater. RICE refers to the treatment for an injury to a joint: Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation. AWSOME is the signs and symptoms of depression: Affect flat, Weight change, Energy loss, Sad feelings, Others (guilt, loss of pleasure, hopelessness), Memory loss, Emotional blunting. 

Phosphorylases are enzymes that attach phosphate groups to acceptors by breaking a chemical bond. Phosphatases are enzymes that remove phosphate groups.

Glycogen catabolism occurs by activation of glycogen phosphorylase, which then catalyzes the reaction of glycogen into glucose-1-phosphate (and a glycogen chain that is one glucose shorter).

Carnitine is ultimately responsible for helping fatty acids enter into the mitochondrial matrix. Acyl-CoA is actually the activated fatty acid that is being transferred. Carnitine reacts with acyl-CoA, and the newly formed acyl carnitine is moved into the mitochondrial matrix by a translocase.

Biotin is a vitamin that has many functions, including aiding in fatty acid synthesis. There is no protein that is actually called fatty acid transferase.

Macromolecules, such as peptides, polysaccharides, lipids, and proteins can be broken down to provide energy as well as operate in reverse through anabolic pathways. Anabolic and catabolic processes can occur simultaneously. All of the other answers are true. 

A catabolic reaction is defined as a reaction in which a large molecule is broken down into smaller subunits. Of the following options, all listed are anabolic except for glycolysis. Glycolysis is the process of converting a glucose molecule into 2 pyruvate molecules, which classifies it as catabolic in nature.

When blood glucose levels are low, the obvious bodily response is to create more free glucose. Glycogen phosphorylase is an enzyme that is responsible for freeing glucose monomers from glycogen (thus creating more free glucose and raising the blood glucose concentration). Phosphorylation of glycogen phosphorylase activates the enzyme to create more free glucose. Thus, statement I should appear in our answer.

Glycogen synthase is an enzyme that does just the opposite; it traps free-floating glucose monomers by adding them to glycogen chains. Phosphorylation of glycogen synthase inhibits the enzyme's function to create more free glucose. Thus, statement II should also appear in our answer.

Increasing the production of insulin would lower blood glucose levels even further (glucagon, another hormone, would help raise them). Thus, statement III should not appear in our answer.

The final answer is statements I and II.