GMAT Math : DSQ: Calculating the area of a circle

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for GMAT Math

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Example Questions

Example Question #431 : Geometry

You are given a circle and a square. Which one has the larger area?

Statement 1: The radius of the circle is two-thirds the sidelength of the square.

Statement 2: The circumference of the circle is  times the perimeter of the square.

Possible Answers:

BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient to answer the question, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

Statement 2 ALONE is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement 1 ALONE is NOT sufficient to answer the question

BOTH statements TOGETHER are insufficient to answer the question.

Statement 1 ALONE is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement 2 ALONE is NOT sufficient to answer the question.

EITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

Correct answer:

EITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

Explanation:

Let  be the sidelength of the square. Then its area is .

 

From Statement 1, it follows that the radius of the circle is 

From Statement 2,  it follows that , since the perimeter of the square is , the circumference of the circle is , and the radius is  - the same fact given in Statement 1.

 

Either way, it follows that the area of the circle in terms of  is

,

so all we have to do is compare  to 1 in order to determine whether the square or the circle is larger in area.

 

Example Question #1 : Dsq: Calculating The Area Of A Circle

You are given a circle and an equilateral triangle. Which one has the greater area? 

Statement 1: The sidelength of the triangle is three times the radius of the circle.

Statement 2: The perimeter of the triangle is 99 inches.

Possible Answers:

Statement 2 ALONE is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement 1 ALONE is NOT sufficient to answer the question.

Statement 1 ALONE is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement 2 ALONE is NOT sufficient to answer the question.

EITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient to answer the question, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

BOTH statements TOGETHER are insufficient to answer the question.

Correct answer:

Statement 1 ALONE is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement 2 ALONE is NOT sufficient to answer the question.

Explanation:

From Statement 2, we can calculate the area of the triangle, but we are given no clues about the area of the circle, actual or relative.

From Statement 1, we know that if we call the radius of the circle , we know the sidelength of the triangle is .

The area of the circle is .

The area of the triangle is .

All we have to do is compare  to  to determine whether the circle or the triangle has the greater area.

Example Question #2 : Dsq: Calculating The Area Of A Circle

Data Sufficiency Question

Calculate the area of a circle.

1. The radius of the circle is 4.

2. The circumference of the circle is 24.

Possible Answers:

Statement 1 alone is sufficient, but statement 2 alone is not sufficient to answer the question

Statements 1 and 2 together are not sufficient, and additional data is needed to answer the question

Each statement alone is sufficient

Statement 2 alone is sufficient, but statement 1 alone is not sufficient to answer the question

Both statements taken together are sufficient to answer the question, but neither statement alone is sufficient

Correct answer:

Each statement alone is sufficient

Explanation:

The area of a circle can be calcuated using the equation:

and the circumference calculated using:

The radius is the only information required for calculating the area of a circle and that can be obtained from the circumference, therefore, either statement is sufficient.

Example Question #4 : Radius

Figure

What is the area of the gray region in the above figure?

Statement 1: The diameter of the larger circle is one mile.

Statement 2: The radius of the smaller circle is 1,320 feet.

Possible Answers:

BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient to answer the question, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

EITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

Statement 2 ALONE is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement 1 ALONE is NOT sufficient to answer the question.

Statement 1 ALONE is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement 2 ALONE is NOT sufficient to answer the question.

BOTH statements TOGETHER are insufficient to answer the question.

Correct answer:

EITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

Explanation:

The radius of the larger circle is equal to the diameter of the smaller, and, subsequently, twice the radius of the smaller. If one radius is known, then the other can be calculated, and the areas of the two circles can be as well; the difference between their areas is the area of the gray region. Statement 1 tells us the diameter of the large circle, from which its radius can be determined by dividing by 2; Statement 2 tells us the radius of the radius of the smaller circle. From either, the radius of the other circle can be calculated.

Example Question #2 : Radius

Two circles are constructed; one is inscribed inside a given regular hexagon, and the other is circumscribed about the same hexagon.

What is the area of the inscribed circle?

Statement 1: The area of the circumscribed circle is 

Statement 2: The perimeter of the hexagon is 30.

Possible Answers:

EITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient to answer the question, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

BOTH statements TOGETHER are insufficient to answer the question. 

Statement 2 ALONE is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement 1 ALONE is NOT sufficient to answer the question.

Statement 1 ALONE is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement 2 ALONE is NOT sufficient to answer the question.

Correct answer:

EITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

Explanation:

Examine the diagram below, which shows the hexagon, segments from its center to two vertices and the midpoint of a side, and the two circles.

Thingy

From Statement 1 alone, the radius  of the circumscribed circle can be calculated using the area formula. From Statement 2 alone, the perimeter can be divided by 6 to obtain ; since two consecutive radii and one side of a hexagon can be proved to form an equilateral triangle, . As a consequence, from either statement alone,  can be calculated.

 can be proved a 30-60-90 triangle, so the 30-60-90 Theorem can be used to calculate , the radius of the inscribed circle. From this, the area of the inscribed circle can be calculated.

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