Calculus 1 : Spatial Calculus

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for Calculus 1

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Example Questions

Example Question #981 : Calculus

The velocity function of a particle and a position of this particle at a known time are given by \(\displaystyle v(t)=4sin^3(t)\) \(\displaystyle p(2)=2\). approximate \(\displaystyle p(5)\) using Euler's Method and three steps.

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 5.044\)

\(\displaystyle 2.797\)

\(\displaystyle 1.046\)

\(\displaystyle 3.761\)

\(\displaystyle 3.284\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 3.284\)

Explanation:

The general form of Euler's method, when a derivative function, initial value, and step size are known, is:

\(\displaystyle y_n=y_{n+1} +\Delta x f'(x_n,y_n)\)

In the case of this problem, this can be rewritten as:

\(\displaystyle p(t_n)=p(t_{n+1}) +\Delta t v(t_n)\)

To calculate the step size find the difference between the final and initial value of \(\displaystyle t\) and divide by the number of steps to be used:

\(\displaystyle \Delta t = \frac{t_f-t_i}{Steps}\)

For this problem, we are told \(\displaystyle v(t)=4sin^3(t)\) \(\displaystyle p(2)=2\)

Knowing this, we may take the steps to estimate our function value at our desired \(\displaystyle t\) value:

\(\displaystyle \Delta t = \frac{5-2}{3}=1\)

\(\displaystyle p_0=2;t_0=2\)

\(\displaystyle p_1=2+(1)4sin^3(2)=5.007\)

\(\displaystyle p_2=5.007+(1)4sin^3(3)=5.018\)

\(\displaystyle p_3=5.018+(1)4sin^3(4)=3.284\)

Example Question #128 : How To Find Position

The velocity function of a particle and a position of this particle at a known time are given by \(\displaystyle v(t)=4e^{t^2}\) \(\displaystyle p(0)=5\). approximate \(\displaystyle p(0.9)\) using Euler's Method and three steps.

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 14.008\)

\(\displaystyle 7.513\)

\(\displaystyle 6.200\)

\(\displaystyle 32.916\)

\(\displaystyle 9.233\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 9.233\)

Explanation:

The general form of Euler's method, when a derivative function, initial value, and step size are known, is:

\(\displaystyle y_n=y_{n+1} +\Delta x f'(x_n,y_n)\)

In the case of this problem, this can be rewritten as:

\(\displaystyle p(t_n)=p(t_{n+1}) +\Delta t v(t_n)\)

To calculate the step size find the difference between the final and initial value of \(\displaystyle t\) and divide by the number of steps to be used:

\(\displaystyle \Delta t = \frac{t_f-t_i}{Steps}\)

For this problem, we are told \(\displaystyle v(t)=4e^{t^2}\) \(\displaystyle p(0)=5\)

Knowing this, we may take the steps to estimate our function value at our desired \(\displaystyle t\) value:

\(\displaystyle \Delta t = \frac{0.9-0}{3}=0.3\)

\(\displaystyle p_0=5;t_0=0\)

\(\displaystyle p_1=5+(0.3)4e^{0^2}=6.2\)

\(\displaystyle p_2=6.2+(0.3)4e^{0.3^2}=7.513\)

\(\displaystyle p_3=7.513+(0.3)4e^{0.6^2}=9.233\)

Example Question #129 : How To Find Position

The velocity function of a particle and a position of this particle at a known time are given by \(\displaystyle v(t)=sec^3({\pi t})\) \(\displaystyle p(1)=4\). approximate \(\displaystyle p(1.27)\) using Euler's Method and three steps.

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 4.395\)

\(\displaystyle 4.111\)

\(\displaystyle 3.808\)

\(\displaystyle 3.658\)

\(\displaystyle 3.910\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 3.658\)

Explanation:

The general form of Euler's method, when a derivative function, initial value, and step size are known, is:

\(\displaystyle y_n=y_{n+1} +\Delta x f'(x_n,y_n)\)

In the case of this problem, this can be rewritten as:

\(\displaystyle p(t_n)=p(t_{n+1}) +\Delta t v(t_n)\)

To calculate the step size find the difference between the final and initial value of \(\displaystyle t\) and divide by the number of steps to be used:

\(\displaystyle \Delta t = \frac{t_f-t_i}{Steps}\)

For this problem, we are told \(\displaystyle v(t)=sec^3({\pi t})\) \(\displaystyle p(1)=4\)

Knowing this, we may take the steps to estimate our function value at our desired \(\displaystyle t\) value:

\(\displaystyle \Delta t = \frac{1.27-1}{3}=0.09\)

\(\displaystyle p_0=4;t_0=1\)

\(\displaystyle p_1=4+(0.09)sec^3({\pi (1)})=3.91\)

\(\displaystyle p_2=3.91+(0.09)sec^3({\pi (1.09)})=3.808\)

\(\displaystyle p_3=3.808+(0.09)sec^3({\pi (1.18)})=3.658\)

Example Question #981 : Spatial Calculus

The velocity function of a particle and a position of this particle at a known time are given by \(\displaystyle v(t)=\frac{4}{tan(t)}\) \(\displaystyle p(1)=1\). approximate \(\displaystyle p(7)\) using Euler's Method and three steps.

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle -27.818\)

\(\displaystyle -9.403\)

\(\displaystyle 6.137\)

\(\displaystyle -49.985\)

\(\displaystyle -52.352\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle -52.352\)

Explanation:

The general form of Euler's method, when a derivative function, initial value, and step size are known, is:

\(\displaystyle y_n=y_{n+1} +\Delta x f'(x_n,y_n)\)

In the case of this problem, this can be rewritten as:

\(\displaystyle p(t_n)=p(t_{n+1}) +\Delta t v(t_n)\)

To calculate the step size find the difference between the final and initial value of \(\displaystyle t\) and divide by the number of steps to be used:

\(\displaystyle \Delta t = \frac{t_f-t_i}{Steps}\)

For this problem, we are told \(\displaystyle v(t)=\frac{4}{tan(t)}\) \(\displaystyle p(1)=1\)

Knowing this, we may take the steps to estimate our function value at our desired \(\displaystyle t\) value:

\(\displaystyle \Delta t = \frac{7-1}{3}=2\)

\(\displaystyle p_0=1;t_0=1\)

\(\displaystyle p_1=1+(2)\frac{4}{tan(1)}=6.137\)

\(\displaystyle p_2=6.137+(2)\frac{4}{tan(3)}=-49.985\)

\(\displaystyle p_3=-49.985+(2)\frac{4}{tan(5)}=-52.352\)

Example Question #981 : Spatial Calculus

The velocity function of a particle and a position of this particle at a known time are given by \(\displaystyle v(t)=5\sqrt{sin(\pi(t))}\)   \(\displaystyle p(0)=5\). approximate \(\displaystyle p(1.5)\) using Euler's Method and three steps.

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 2.5\)

\(\displaystyle 4\)

\(\displaystyle 9\)

\(\displaystyle 1\)

\(\displaystyle 6.5\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 6.5\)

Explanation:

The general form of Euler's method, when a derivative function, initial value, and step size are known, is:

\(\displaystyle y_n=y_{n+1} +\Delta x f'(x_n,y_n)\)

In the case of this problem, this can be rewritten as:

\(\displaystyle p(t_n)=p(t_{n+1}) +\Delta t v(t_n)\)

To calculate the step size find the difference between the final and initial value of \(\displaystyle t\) and divide by the number of steps to be used:

\(\displaystyle \Delta t = \frac{t_f-t_i}{Steps}\)

For this problem, we are told \(\displaystyle v(t)=5\sqrt{sin(\pi(t))}\)   \(\displaystyle p(0)=5\)

Knowing this, we may take the steps to estimate our function value at our desired \(\displaystyle t\) value:

\(\displaystyle \Delta t = \frac{1.5-0}{3}=0.5\)

\(\displaystyle p_0=5;t_0=0\)

\(\displaystyle p_1=4+(0.5)5\sqrt{sin(\pi(0))}=4\)

\(\displaystyle p_2=4+(0.5)5\sqrt{sin(\pi(0.5))}=6.5\)

\(\displaystyle p_3=6.5+(0.5)5\sqrt{sin(\pi(1))}=6.5\)

Example Question #132 : How To Find Position

The velocity function of a particle and a position of this particle at a known time are given by \(\displaystyle v(t)=tan(cos(t^3))\) \(\displaystyle p(0)=4\). approximate \(\displaystyle p(1.5)\) using Euler's Method and three steps.

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 5.034\)

\(\displaystyle 5.545\)

\(\displaystyle 4.779\)

\(\displaystyle 5.845\)

\(\displaystyle 5.111\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 5.845\)

Explanation:

The general form of Euler's method, when a derivative function, initial value, and step size are known, is:

\(\displaystyle y_n=y_{n+1} +\Delta x f'(x_n,y_n)\)

In the case of this problem, this can be rewritten as:

\(\displaystyle p(t_n)=p(t_{n+1}) +\Delta t v(t_n)\)

To calculate the step size find the difference between the final and initial value of \(\displaystyle t\) and divide by the number of steps to be used:

\(\displaystyle \Delta t = \frac{t_f-t_i}{Steps}\)

For this problem, we are told \(\displaystyle v(t)=tan(cos(t^3))\) \(\displaystyle p(0)=4\)

Knowing this, we may take the steps to estimate our function value at our desired \(\displaystyle t\) value:

\(\displaystyle \Delta t = \frac{1.5-0}{3}=0.5\)

\(\displaystyle p_0=4;t_0=0\)

\(\displaystyle p_1=4+(0.5)tan(cos(0^3))=4.779\)

\(\displaystyle p_2=4.779+(0.5)tan(cos(0.5^3))=5.545\)

\(\displaystyle p_3=5.545+(0.5)tan(cos(1^3))=5.845\)

Example Question #982 : Spatial Calculus

The velocity function of a particle and a position of this particle at a known time are given by \(\displaystyle v(t)=(-t)^{t}cos(\pi t)\) \(\displaystyle p(1)=-2\). Approximate \(\displaystyle p(4)\) using Euler's Method and three steps.

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle -24\)

\(\displaystyle 12\)

\(\displaystyle -37\)

\(\displaystyle 30\)

\(\displaystyle 25\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 30\)

Explanation:

The general form of Euler's method, when a derivative function, initial value, and step size are known, is:

\(\displaystyle y_n=y_{n+1} +\Delta x f'(x_n,y_n)\)

In the case of this problem, this can be rewritten as:

\(\displaystyle p(t_n)=p(t_{n+1}) +\Delta t v(t_n)\)

To calculate the step size find the difference between the final and initial value of \(\displaystyle t\) and divide by the number of steps to be used:

\(\displaystyle \Delta t = \frac{t_f-t_i}{Steps}\)

For this problem, we are told \(\displaystyle v(t)=(-t)^{t}cos(\pi t)\) \(\displaystyle p(1)=-2\)

Knowing this, we may take the steps to estimate our function value at our desired \(\displaystyle t\) value:

\(\displaystyle \Delta t = \frac{4-1}{3}=1\)

\(\displaystyle p_0=-2;t_0=1\)

\(\displaystyle p_1=-2+(1)(-1)^{1}cos(\pi (1))=-1\)

\(\displaystyle p_2=-1+(1)(-2)^{2}cos(\pi (2))=3\)

\(\displaystyle p_3=3+(1)(-3)^{3}cos(\pi (3))=30\)

Example Question #981 : Spatial Calculus

The velocity function of a particle and a position of this particle at a known time are given by \(\displaystyle v(t)=\frac{t^3}{2+cos(\pi t)}\) \(\displaystyle p(0)=3\). Approximate \(\displaystyle p(3)\) using Euler's Method and three steps.

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \frac{20}{3}\)

\(\displaystyle 8\)

\(\displaystyle 12\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{10}{3}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{8}{3}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{20}{3}\)

Explanation:

The general form of Euler's method, when a derivative function, initial value, and step size are known, is:

\(\displaystyle y_n=y_{n+1} +\Delta x f'(x_n,y_n)\)

In the case of this problem, this can be rewritten as:

\(\displaystyle p(t_n)=p(t_{n+1}) +\Delta t v(t_n)\)

To calculate the step size find the difference between the final and initial value of \(\displaystyle t\) and divide by the number of steps to be used:

\(\displaystyle \Delta t = \frac{t_f-t_i}{Steps}\)

For this problem, we are told \(\displaystyle v(t)=\frac{t^3}{2+cos(\pi t)}\) \(\displaystyle p(0)=3\)

Knowing this, we may take the steps to estimate our function value at our desired \(\displaystyle t\) value:

\(\displaystyle \Delta t = \frac{3-0}{3}=1\)

\(\displaystyle p_0=3;t_0=0\)

\(\displaystyle p_1=3+(1)\frac{0^3}{2+cos(\pi (0))}=3\)

\(\displaystyle p_2=3+(1)\frac{1^3}{2+cos(\pi (1))}=4\)

\(\displaystyle p_3=4+(1)\frac{2^3}{2+cos(\pi (2))}=\frac{20}{3}\)

Example Question #984 : Calculus

The velocity function of a particle and a position of this particle at a known time are given by \(\displaystyle v(t)=cos^3(\pi(t!))\) \(\displaystyle p(1)=5\). Approximate \(\displaystyle p(4)\) using Euler's Method and three steps.

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 6\)

\(\displaystyle 7\)

\(\displaystyle 8\)

\(\displaystyle 4\)

\(\displaystyle 5\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 6\)

Explanation:

The general form of Euler's method, when a derivative function, initial value, and step size are known, is:

\(\displaystyle y_n=y_{n+1} +\Delta x f'(x_n,y_n)\)

In the case of this problem, this can be rewritten as:

\(\displaystyle p(t_n)=p(t_{n+1}) +\Delta t v(t_n)\)

To calculate the step size find the difference between the final and initial value of \(\displaystyle t\) and divide by the number of steps to be used:

\(\displaystyle \Delta t = \frac{t_f-t_i}{Steps}\)

For this problem, we are told \(\displaystyle v(t)=cos^3(\pi(t!))\) \(\displaystyle p(1)=5\)

Knowing this, we may take the steps to estimate our function value at our desired \(\displaystyle t\) value:

\(\displaystyle \Delta t = \frac{4-1}{3}=1\)

\(\displaystyle p_0=5;t_0=1\)

\(\displaystyle p_1=5+(1)cos^3(\pi(1!))=4\)

\(\displaystyle p_2=4+(1)cos^3(\pi(2!))=5\)

\(\displaystyle p_3=5+(1)cos^3(\pi(3!))=6\)

Example Question #985 : Calculus

The velocity function of a particle and a position of this particle at a known time are given by \(\displaystyle v(t)=(2t)!\) \(\displaystyle p(1)=0\). Approximate \(\displaystyle p(4)\) using Euler's Method and three steps.

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 746\)

\(\displaystyle 720\)

\(\displaystyle 733\)

\(\displaystyle 772\)

\(\displaystyle 759\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 746\)

Explanation:

The general form of Euler's method, when a derivative function, initial value, and step size are known, is:

\(\displaystyle y_n=y_{n+1} +\Delta x f'(x_n,y_n)\)

In the case of this problem, this can be rewritten as:

\(\displaystyle p(t_n)=p(t_{n+1}) +\Delta t v(t_n)\)

To calculate the step size find the difference between the final and initial value of \(\displaystyle t\) and divide by the number of steps to be used:

\(\displaystyle \Delta t = \frac{t_f-t_i}{Steps}\)

For this problem, we are told \(\displaystyle v(t)=(2t)!\) \(\displaystyle p(1)=0\)

Knowing this, we may take the steps to estimate our function value at our desired \(\displaystyle t\) value:

\(\displaystyle \Delta t = \frac{4-1}{3}=1\)

\(\displaystyle p_0=0;t_0=1\)

\(\displaystyle p_1=0+(1)(2(1))!=2\)

\(\displaystyle p_2=2+(1)(2(2))!=26\)

\(\displaystyle p_3=26+(1)(2(3))!=746\)

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