Biochemistry : Other Lipid Classifications
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Example Question #1 : Other Lipid Classifications
Which of these lipid molecules has a different fundamental structure than the others?
Triglyceride
Sphingolipids
Fatty acids
Cholesterol
Glycolipids
Cholesterol
Cholesterol is made up of multiple rings, including three six-carbon rings and one five-carbon ring. This characteristic structure is also seen in steroid hormones and metabolites, as many biologically relevant molecules are derived from cholesterol. Fatty acids are long hydrocarbons (typically between ten and thirty carbons long) with carboxylic acid functional groups on one end. Glycolipids are lipids that have carbohydrate moieties attached, which play a role in cellular and molecular communication. Sphingolipids are a class of lipids that contain a sphingoid base backbone and include sphingosine, sphingomyelin, ceramides, gangliosides and others.
Example Question #2 : Other Lipid Classifications
Glycolipids are characterized by which non-lipid component?
Sphingosine
Polypeptide
Phosphate
Sugar
Sugar
The prefix "glyco-" means "sugar." Glycolipids are thus lipids that have a sugar component. Glycolipids containing sphingoid bases are called sphingolipids. Glycolipids containing phosphate are called phospholipids. Lipoproteins are molecules that contain both lipid and peptide components.
Example Question #181 : Macromolecule Structures And Functions
Lipids built from the five-carbon unit isoprene are called __________.
lipoproteins
sphingomyelins
sphingolipids
glycerophospholipids
terpenoids
terpenoids
Terpenoids (also called isoprenoids) are produced mostly by plants. Many vitamins such as A, E, and K are terpenoids, and steroids/sterols also belong to this group.
Example Question #182 : Macromolecule Structures And Functions
There are many different lipoproteins used by the body to transport lipids and cholesterol. Which of the following is a true statement about lipoproteins?
LDL is a dense lipoprotein that carries dietary fats around the body.
HDL is a dense lipoprotein that carries cholesterol from the body to the liver.
HDL carries lipids that are synthesized in the liver.
Chylomicrons are very dense lipoproteins that carry dietary fats.
VLDL is the largest of the lipoproteins.
HDL is a dense lipoprotein that carries cholesterol from the body to the liver.
Only "HDL is a dense lipoprotein that carries cholesterol from the body to the liver" is a true statement. Chylomicrons are the largest and least dense lipoprotein, and they carry dietary lipids. VLDL carries lipids synthesized in the liver to the body. they are more dense the chylomicrons. LDL carries cholesterol around the body, and HDL is the most dense and carries cholesterol to the liver for breakdown.
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