The railroad began to be a ubiquitous sight in most developed nations in the 1800's. The railroad had become the main form of transportation over any great distance thanks to the invention of the steam engine and the ability to lay tracks for trains. While trolleys would be a common sight in cities, they came much later after the end of the Industrial Revolution. The same could be said for automobiles, which did not gain widespread use until well after the turn of the 20th Century.  

Electricity was not a widespread tool at the time in the late 1800's when Europe started the scramble for Africa. This technology would only become widely used decades after the nations of Africa had already been claimed. The other technological advancements helped give Europeans specific advancements over others at the time.

The political, social, and economic landscape of Great Britain in the 19th century created the perfect place for industrial revolution to begin. The language however, had nothing to do with the revolution taking hold. England's status as a united, and relatively isolated position in Europe gave it a great advantage in avoiding the political and economic troubles that slowed progress in many other nations.

This quotation comes from Charles Darwin's 1859 work On the Origin of Species. Darwin used this work to publicize his Theory of Natural Selection. The theory argued that members of the same species would change over time as they adapted to survive in different natural environments. Darwin's ideas formed the basis of the modern Theory of Evolution. The presence of the HMS Beagle and the use of the phrase "the origin of species" in the quoted material should have been ample evidence with which to solve this question.

Steel production had existed in several civilizations prior to the nineteenth century, but before to the Bessemer Process it was impossible to produce steel in large numbers. Steel became one of the main resources that powered the Industrial Revolution after the Bessemer Process made its mass production feasible.

The HMS Dreadnought revolutionized naval technology when it was put into service for the British navy in 1906. Her advancements in technology essentially made all other battleships in the world obsolete after she was launched. The Dreadnought helped to set off a massive naval arms race between the British and the Germans, which was one of the main causes of World War I. One of the major technological advances that the Dreadnought did not possess, however, was radar, which would not appear until the Second World War. 

The steamboat was a revolution in the sailing business. By incorporating a steam engine into the ship as the main form of propulsion it significantly increased the speed of ships and therefore greatly reduced the time ships had to spend traveling from place to place.

Samuel Morse is credited with inventing the single-wire telegraph service in the first half of the nineteenth century. The invention of the telegraph was instrumental to nineteenth century society. It allowed messages to be exchanged across vast distances near instantaneously for the first time in human history.

The spinning jenny was invented in England by James Hargreaves in the 1760s. It was one of the most important inventions of the early Industrial Revolution and it dramatically altered the textile industry. Specifically, it dramatically increased the productivity of the cotton industry (at the time cotton was emerging as the most important crop of the textile industry).

Honore Blanc, the French inventor of replaceable parts for firearms, made his discovery in the waning years of the eighteenth century. Although it took some time for his ideas to be adopted, the first firearms with replaceable parts were being used in the Napoleonic Wars at the beginning of the nineteenth century.