The DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) 5 is the latest, not only, edition of this guidebook for psychologists. The DSM helps psychologists diagnose their patients and does not offer explanations for the origins of disorders. Homosexuality used to be listed as a disorder in earlier editions of the DSM but is not included in the DSM 5. 

There are 5 axes used in the DSM for diagnosis: 

Axis 1- clinical disorders (developmental, learning, etc.)

Axis 2-personality disorders

Axis 3- physical disorders

Axis 4- psychosocial disorders

Axis 5- global assessment of functioning

Even if you didn't know these exact axes, it is important to remember that "insanity" is not a clinical term ever used in the DSM or by therapists. 

When someone is diagnosed as having a particular disorder, there is sometimes stigma (shame or disgrace) associated with this labeling, which is the opposite of the answer choice "social acceptance."

As for the other answer choices, comorbidity is the concurrence of multiple psychological disorders in one person. The placebo effect occurs when someone believes that they are being treated for something (when they are really not) and subsequently improves as a function of that belief. The diathesis-stress model explains the interaction of genetic and environmental factors in terms of disorders-- the diathesis is the predisposition to a disorder that is triggered by some sort of stress.

Race, gender, SES, and family history all play roles in the development (or non-development) of a disorder. For example, women are more likely to develop most psychological disorders, especially mood and anxiety disorders, but men are more likely to develop substance abuse disorders. Race can also impact vulnerability for certain disorders and low SES is associated with higher rates of many disorders, such as anxiety disorders. Family history is perhaps the most significant risk factor because genetics play a large role in whether someone is likely to develop a specific disorder. 

If there is any connection between family size and psychopathology, it has not been researched or documented and is therefore has not been directly indicated as a strong risk factor. 

The GAF is included on Axis 5 in the DSM in order for psychologists/therapists to classify a patient's overall level of functioning, including physical, social, occupational, and psychological functioning. It is a 1 to 100 scale and higher numbers correspond to higher levels of functioning. All of the other answer options are true statements about the GAF.

Pica refers to persistent and excessive intake of substances with no nutritional value. Pica cannot be explained by other factors, like developmental stage (e.g. a six-month-old putting a rock in her mouth) or cultural norms (e.g. religious or ritual ingestion of a certain substance). Since Mark apparently has a job (“after work”) he is not a child young enough to accidentally eat rocks. Assuming that this behavior has been occurring for over a month and it is not related to Mark’s cultural beliefs, he meets the diagnostic criteria for pica.

The Intern's Syndrome is the the tendency to see in oneself the characteristics of disorders about which one is learning. It is not a disease for which one requires treatment. It is simply a form of warped or fallacious thinking where one starts to think of themselves as similar to the object of their study. Someone who is studying post-traumatic stress might, for instance, that their lack of sleep is due to post-traumatic stress instead of drinking too much coffee at night.

"Insanity" is not a medical term used to diagnose a patient, it is purely a legal term. It serves a very important purpose in legal affairs, since it is used to differentiate between what a person can be held responsible for. A person who is legally adjudicated as "insane" is, in the opinion of the court, unable to understand the consequences of their actions and, usually, unable to effectively assist their counsel in their legal defense.

"Talking to oneself" is the correct answer. While some individuals who suffer abnormalities do indeed talk to themselves, this is not considered one of the common traits. This answer is an example of finding the answer that is most correct. 

Although brain tissue samples are the most accurate way to determine diagnosis, this is only done during autopsies. Brain scans, including both fMRIs and CTs, are some of the most accurate and non-invasive modes of diagnosis. Combined with conversation analysis, specialists are able to connect particular neurological degeneration with inappropriate social behavior and cognition.