AP Latin : Grammar, Syntax, and Scansion in Poetry

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for AP Latin

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Example Questions

Example Question #11 : Grammar, Syntax, And Scansion In Poetry

Miser Catulle, desinas ineptire,
et quod vides perisse perditum ducas.
fulsere quondam candidi tibi soles,
cum ventitabas quo puella ducebat
amata nobis quantum amabitur nulla.                         5
ibi illa multa cum iocosa fiebant,
quae tu volebas nec puella nolebat,
fulsere vere candidi tibi soles.
nunc iam illa non vult: tu quoque impotens noli,
nec quae fugit sectare, nec miser vive,                       10
sed obstinata mente perfer, obdura.
vale puella, iam Catullus obdurat,
nec te requiret nec rogabit invitam.
at tu dolebis, cum rogaberis nulla.
scelesta, vae te, quae tibi manet vita?                         15
quis nunc te adibit? cui videberis bella?
quem nunc amabis? cuius esse diceris?
quem basiabis? cui labella mordebis?
at tu, Catulle, destinatus obdura.

What use of the subjunctive does "desinas" demonstrate in line 1?

Possible Answers:

Deliberative

Optative

Concessive

Hortatory

Correct answer:

Hortatory

Explanation:

The word "desinas" is being used to indicate that a person should stop doing something. The author is urging the person to stop being a fool. This is the hortatory use of the subjunctive.

(Passage adapted from "Catullus 8," ln.1-19)

Example Question #12 : Grammar, Syntax, And Scansion In Poetry

Miser Catulle, desinas ineptire,
et quod vides perisse perditum ducas.
fulsere quondam candidi tibi soles,
cum ventitabas quo puella ducebat
amata nobis quantum amabitur nulla.                         5
ibi illa multa cum iocosa fiebant,
quae tu volebas nec puella nolebat,
fulsere vere candidi tibi soles.
nunc iam illa non vult: tu quoque impotens noli,
nec quae fugit sectare, nec miser vive,                       10
sed obstinata mente perfer, obdura.
vale puella, iam Catullus obdurat,
nec te requiret nec rogabit invitam.
at tu dolebis, cum rogaberis nulla.
scelesta, vae te, quae tibi manet vita?                         15
quis nunc te adibit? cui videberis bella?
quem nunc amabis? cuius esse diceris?
quem basiabis? cui labella mordebis?
at tu, Catulle, destinatus obdura.

What is the case of "Catulle" (line 1)?

Possible Answers:

Nominative

Vocative

Dative

Ablative

Correct answer:

Vocative

Explanation:

"Catulle" here is directly addressing someone (the name is "Catullus," "Catulli"). This and the "-e" ending means that the name has to be in the vocative case.

(Passage adapted from "Catullus 8," ln.1-19)

Example Question #13 : Grammar, Syntax, And Scansion In Poetry

Miser Catulle, desinas ineptire,
et quod vides perisse perditum ducas.
fulsere quondam candidi tibi soles,
cum ventitabas quo puella ducebat
amata nobis quantum amabitur nulla.                         5
ibi illa multa cum iocosa fiebant,
quae tu volebas nec puella nolebat,
fulsere vere candidi tibi soles.
nunc iam illa non vult: tu quoque impotens noli,
nec quae fugit sectare, nec miser vive,                       10
sed obstinata mente perfer, obdura.
vale puella, iam Catullus obdurat,
nec te requiret nec rogabit invitam.
at tu dolebis, cum rogaberis nulla.
scelesta, vae te, quae tibi manet vita?                         15
quis nunc te adibit? cui videberis bella?
quem nunc amabis? cuius esse diceris?
quem basiabis? cui labella mordebis?
at tu, Catulle, destinatus obdura.

"Fulsere" (line 3) is an example of __________.

Possible Answers:

an infinitive

a participle

an imperitive verb

a syncopated verb

Correct answer:

a syncopated verb

Explanation:

The word "fulsere" comes from "fulgeo, fulgere, fulsi." ."Fulsere" is a syncopated form of "fulserunt." You recognize this because it has the perfect stem, plus an "-ere" ending, which is used as a contraction of "-erunt."

(Passage adapted from "Catullus 8," ln.1-19)

Example Question #14 : Grammar, Syntax, And Scansion In Poetry

Miser Catulle, desinas ineptire,
et quod vides perisse perditum ducas.
fulsere quondam candidi tibi soles,
cum ventitabas quo puella ducebat
amata nobis quantum amabitur nulla.                         5
ibi illa multa cum iocosa fiebant,
quae tu volebas nec puella nolebat,
fulsere vere candidi tibi soles.
nunc iam illa non vult: tu quoque impotens noli,
nec quae fugit sectare, nec miser vive,                       10
sed obstinata mente perfer, obdura.
vale puella, iam Catullus obdurat,
nec te requiret nec rogabit invitam.
at tu dolebis, cum rogaberis nulla.
scelesta, vae te, quae tibi manet vita?                         15
quis nunc te adibit? cui videberis bella?
quem nunc amabis? cuius esse diceris?
quem basiabis? cui labella mordebis?
at tu, Catulle, destinatus obdura.

What is the subject of "fulsere" (line 3)?

Possible Answers:

There is no subject

Puella

Quo

Soles

Correct answer:

Soles

Explanation:

"Fulsere" is a syncopated form for "fulserunt," a third-person plural perfect-tense verb. The subject that it takes is "candidi soles."

(Passage adapted from "Catullus 8," ln.1-19)

Example Question #15 : Grammar, Syntax, And Scansion In Poetry

Miser Catulle, desinas ineptire,
et quod vides perisse perditum ducas.
fulsere quondam candidi tibi soles,
cum ventitabas quo puella ducebat
amata nobis quantum amabitur nulla.                         5
ibi illa multa cum iocosa fiebant,
quae tu volebas nec puella nolebat,
fulsere vere candidi tibi soles.
nunc iam illa non vult: tu quoque impotens noli,
nec quae fugit sectare, nec miser vive,                       10
sed obstinata mente perfer, obdura.
vale puella, iam Catullus obdurat,
nec te requiret nec rogabit invitam.
at tu dolebis, cum rogaberis nulla.
scelesta, vae te, quae tibi manet vita?                         15
quis nunc te adibit? cui videberis bella?
quem nunc amabis? cuius esse diceris?
quem basiabis? cui labella mordebis?
at tu, Catulle, destinatus obdura.

What is the use of "cum" (line 4)?

Possible Answers:

Cum temporal clause

Concessive

Cum Causal clause

To show accompaniment

Correct answer:

To show accompaniment

Explanation:

"Cum" is taking "quo" as its object in this clause. It is translated as with which, showing accompanimentThe verbs are not subjunctive, so it cannot be a cum clause.

(Passage adapted from "Catullus 8," ln.1-19)

Example Question #16 : Grammar, Syntax, And Scansion In Poetry

Miser Catulle, desinas ineptire,
et quod vides perisse perditum ducas.
fulsere quondam candidi tibi soles,
cum ventitabas quo puella ducebat
amata nobis quantum amabitur nulla.                         5
ibi illa multa cum iocosa fiebant,
quae tu volebas nec puella nolebat,
fulsere vere candidi tibi soles.
nunc iam illa non vult: tu quoque impotens noli,
nec quae fugit sectare, nec miser vive,                       10
sed obstinata mente perfer, obdura.
vale puella, iam Catullus obdurat,
nec te requiret nec rogabit invitam.
at tu dolebis, cum rogaberis nulla.
scelesta, vae te, quae tibi manet vita?                         15
quis nunc te adibit? cui videberis bella?
quem nunc amabis? cuius esse diceris?
quem basiabis? cui labella mordebis?
at tu, Catulle, destinatus obdura.

"Sectare" (line 10) is an example of __________.

Possible Answers:

an imperative

an infinitive

a participle

a question

Correct answer:

an imperative

Explanation:

"Sectare" comes from "sector, sectari, sectatus sum," a deponent verb. "Sectare" is the imperative form.

(Passage adapted from "Catullus 8," ln.1-19)

Example Question #17 : Grammar, Syntax, And Scansion In Poetry

Cui dono lepidum novum libellum
arida modo pumice expolitum?
Corneli, tibi: namque tu solebas
meas esse aliquid putare nugas.
Iam tum, cum ausus es unus Italorum      5
omne aevum tribus explicare cartis . . .
Doctis, Iuppiter, et laboriosis!
Quare habe tibi quidquid hoc libelli—
qualecumque, quod, o patrona virgo,
plus uno maneat perenne saeclo!             10

"Cui" (line 1) is an example of __________.

Possible Answers:

a relative pronoun

an infinitive

a noun

a question word

Correct answer:

a relative pronoun

Explanation:

The word "cui" is the dative from of "qui, quae, quod." It is a relative pronoun.

(Passage adapted from "Catullus 1," ln.1-10)

Example Question #18 : Grammar, Syntax, And Scansion In Poetry

Cui dono lepidum novum libellum
arida modo pumice expolitum?
Corneli, tibi: namque tu solebas
meas esse aliquid putare nugas.
Iam tum, cum ausus es unus Italorum      5
omne aevum tribus explicare cartis . . .
Doctis, Iuppiter, et laboriosis!
Quare habe tibi quidquid hoc libelli—
qualecumque, quod, o patrona virgo,
plus uno maneat perenne saeclo!             10

What case is "Corneli" (line 3)?

Possible Answers:

Vocative

Genitive

Ablative

Nominative

Correct answer:

Vocative

Explanation:

"Corneli" is the vocative form of "Cornelius." When second declension words have an "i" before the ending, the ending simply drops off for the vocative form.

(Passage adapted from "Catullus 1," ln.1-10)

Example Question #19 : Grammar, Syntax, And Scansion In Poetry

Cui dono lepidum novum libellum
arida modo pumice expolitum?
Corneli, tibi: namque tu solebas
meas esse aliquid putare nugas.
Iam tum, cum ausus es unus Italorum      5
omne aevum tribus explicare cartis . . .
Doctis, Iuppiter, et laboriosis!
Quare habe tibi quidquid hoc libelli—
qualecumque, quod, o patrona virgo,
plus uno maneat perenne saeclo!             10

What construction is present in line 4?

Possible Answers:

Independent Subjunctive Clause

Relative Clause

Conditional statement

Indirect statement

Correct answer:

Indirect statement

Explanation:

The clause present in line 4 is indirect statement. The clause begins with "putare" in line 4. Indirect statements are introduced by an indicative verb that usually indicates some sort of thought taking place, and they are characterized by an accusative subject and an infinitive verb. "Tu . . . nugas" translates as for you were always accustomed to think that my trifles were something.

(Passage adapted from "Catullus 1," ln.1-10)

Example Question #20 : Grammar, Syntax, And Scansion In Poetry

Cui dono lepidum novum libellum
arida modo pumice expolitum?
Corneli, tibi: namque tu solebas
meas esse aliquid putare nugas.
Iam tum, cum ausus es unus Italorum      5
omne aevum tribus explicare cartis . . .
Doctis, Iuppiter, et laboriosis!
Quare habe tibi quidquid hoc libelli—
qualecumque, quod, o patrona virgo,
plus uno maneat perenne saeclo!             10

What type of construction is "plus uno perenne saeclo" (line 10)?

Possible Answers:

Ablative of means

Comparative ablative

Ablative place where

Ablative of accompaniment 

Correct answer:

Comparative ablative

Explanation:

In the phrase "plus uno perenne saeclo," we have a comparitive adjective being paired with an ablative to show comparision. This is an example of the comparative ablative.

(Passage adapted from "Catullus 1," ln.1-10)

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