AP Human Geography : Organic Farming & Fair Trade
Study concepts, example questions & explanations for AP Human Geography
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Example Questions
Example Question #1 : Contemporary Commercial Agriculture
Which of the following is not a benefit of organic farming compared to industrial farming?
Reduced effort required to cultivate crops.
Reduced carbon footprint
Reduced reliance on pesticides
Reduced reliance on herbicides
Reduced effort required to cultivate crops.
Organic farming does not use fossil fuels to control insect and plant pests. This means organic farms tend to have a smaller carbon footprint and less reliance on artificial inputs. The downside, however, is that organic farms also require much more physical labor. Thus the correct answer is, "Reduced effort required to cultivate crops."
Example Question #2 : Organic Farming & Fair Trade
Most organic products are sold in __________.
The Middle East and North Africa
South America and Western Europe
China and southeast Asia
The Indian subcontinent
Western Europe and North America
Western Europe and North America
Organic products are generally much more expensive to produce and to transport because they are less efficient, less reliable, and spoil more easily. Although they are grown throughout the world, the market for them is primarily concentrated in the wealthy areas of Western Europe and North America.
Example Question #3 : Organic Farming & Fair Trade
Organic agriculture is primarily defined by __________.
farming using irrigation and salinization
All of these answers are correct.
free-range livestock rearing
small scale farming outside of corporate interest
farming without the use biotechnology
farming without the use biotechnology
“Organic agriculture” is primarily defined by the reluctance to use biotechnology in farming. It usually involves eschewing pesticides and chemical fertilizers, as well as GMOs. It is becoming more and more common, particularly in wealthy areas of the western world, as many people fight back against the perceived environmental damage being wrought by big agriculture. While organic agriculture avoids many of the trappings of large-scale farming it does not always, or even most often, exist outside of corporate interest.
Example Question #3 : Organic Farming & Fair Trade
Which of the following is best defined as a farm that is jointly owned by several members who share in the profits and the benefits of the organization?
Gathering
Cooperative
Antecedent
Collective
Agribusiness
Cooperative
The name given to a farming organization that is jointly run and owned by several individual members who share in the profits, benefits, and responsibilities is called a “cooperative.” They are increasing in popularity as a way for the local community to “fight back” against the influence of multinational agribusiness.
Example Question #4 : Organic Farming & Fair Trade
How do free trade zones improve international trade?
They offer poorer nations more money to undergo mass economic development.
They establish a common (shared) form of currency.
They eliminate tariffs on products that cross international borders.
They decrease the need for customs declaration across international borders.
All of these
They eliminate tariffs on products that cross international borders.
Free trade zones, such as the nations involved in NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement), allow for goods from foreign countries to be imported without a tariff, that is, without being taxed for the sake of being foreign goods. In doing so, international trade was improved drastically, helping the manufacturers of foreign foods.
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