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AP Chemistry : Entropy

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Example Questions

Example Question #71 : Thermochemistry And Kinetics

A reaction will reach equilibrium when the system's entropy __________.

Possible Answers:

is at a minimum

entropy does not influence equilibrium at all

is at a maximum

is zero

Correct answer:

is at a maximum

Explanation:

Equilibrium is the basis of entropy, which can essentially be thought of as the distribution of energy in the system. For a reaction at a given temperature, the system's entropy will be at a maximum when it reaches equilbrium because this is the ideal energy state, and the forward and reverse reactions are occurring at a steady rate.

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Example Question #544 : Ap Chemistry

Consider the following reaction:

$N_{2}_{(g)} + 3H_{2}_{(g)} \rightarrow 2NH_{3}_{(g)}$

Below is a list of the standard entropy of formation for the compounds in the reaction:

$\Delta S_{N_{2}} = 191.49\frac{J}{molK}$

$\Delta S_{H_{2}} = 130.59\frac{J}{molK}$

$\Delta S_{NH_{3}} = 192.5\frac{J}{molK}$

What is the entropy of the reaction when one mole of ammonia is formed?

Possible Answers:

$-198\frac{J}{molK}$

$-65\frac{J}{molK}$

$-99\frac{J}{molK}$

$968\frac{J}{molK}$

Correct answer:

$-99\frac{J}{molK}$

Explanation:

Since we have the entropies of formation, we can find the entropy of the reaction using the following equation:

$\Delta S_{reaction} = \Delta S_{products} - \Delta S_{reactants}$

We will need to use the coefficients from the balanced equation to calculate the entropy.

$N_{2}_{(g)} + 3H_{2}_{(g)} \rightarrow 2NH_{3}_{(g)}$

$\Delta S_{reaction}=2(\Delta S_{NH_3})-\Delta S_{N_2}-3(\Delta S_{H_2})$

$\Delta S_{reaction}=2(192.5\frac{J}{molK})-(191.49\frac{J}{molK})-3(130.59\frac{J}{molK})$

$\Delta S_{reaction}=-197.77\frac{J}{molK}$

Since this is the entropy for the reaction when two moles of ammonia are formed, we must divide this entropy by two in order to solve for the entropy of one mole.

$\frac{197.77\frac{J}{molK}}{2}=-99\frac{J}{molK}$

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AP Chemistry : Entropy

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for AP Chemistry

All AP Chemistry Resources

Example Questions

Example Question #71 : Thermochemistry And Kinetics

Example Question #544 : Ap Chemistry

All AP Chemistry Resources

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