Call Now to Set Up Tutoring:

(888) 888-0446

AP Calculus BC : Functions, Graphs, and Limits

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for AP Calculus BC

Create An Account

All AP Calculus BC Resources

2 Diagnostic Tests 86 Practice Tests Question of the Day Flashcards Learn by Concept

Example Questions

← Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Next →

Example Question #1 : Parametric Form

Rewrite as a Cartesian equation:

$x = t^{2} + 2t + 1, y = t^{2} - 2t + 1, t \in [-1, 1]$

Possible Answers:

y = x - 2

$y = x + 4 + 4\sqrt{x}$

y = x+2

$y = x - 4 - 4\sqrt{x}$

$y = x + 4 - 4\sqrt{x}$

Correct answer:

$y = x + 4 - 4\sqrt{x}$

Explanation:

$x = t^{2} + 2t + 1$

$x = \left ( t + 1\right )^{2}$

$\pm \sqrt{x} = t + 1$

$\sqrt{x} = t + 1$ or $-\sqrt{x} = t + 1$

We are restricting to values on $\left [ -1, 1\right ]$ , so t + 1 is nonnegative; we choose

$\sqrt{x} = t + 1$ .

Also,

$y = t^{2} - 2t + 1$

$y= \left ( t - 1\right )^{2}$

$\sqrt{y} = \pm \left ( t - 1\right )$

$\sqrt{y} = t- 1$ or $-\sqrt{y} = t- 1$

We are restricting to values on $\left [ -1, 1\right ]$ , so t - 1 is nonpositive; we choose

$-\sqrt{y} = t- 1$

or equivalently,

$\sqrt{y} = -t+ 1$

to make t - 1 nonpositive.

Then,

$\sqrt{x}+ \sqrt{y} = (t + 1) + (-t + 1)$

and

$\sqrt{x}+ \sqrt{y} = 2$

$\sqrt{y} = 2 - \sqrt{x}$

$y =\left ( 2 - \sqrt{x} \right )^2$

$y = 4 - 4\sqrt{x} + \left (\sqrt{x} \right )^{2}$

$y = x + 4 - 4\sqrt{x}$

Report an Error

Example Question #1 : Parametric Form

Rewrite as a Cartesian equation:

$x =10^ {t}, y = \sinh t, t \in (0,\infty )$

Possible Answers:

$y = \frac{ x ^{2 \log e} +1}{2 x ^{\log e}}$

$y = \frac{ x ^{2 \log e} }{2 x ^{\log e}}$

$y = \frac{ x ^{2 \log e} -1}{2 x ^{\log e}}$

$y = \frac{ x ^{2 \log e} -1}{ x ^{2 \log e} + 1}$

$y = \frac{ 2x ^{2 \log e} -1}{2 x ^{\log e}}$

Correct answer:

$y = \frac{ x ^{2 \log e} -1}{2 x ^{\log e}}$

Explanation:

$y = \sinh t = \frac{e ^{2t} -1}{2e ^{t}} = \frac{\left (e ^{ t} \right) ^{2} -1}{2e ^{t}}$

$e^{t} = 10 ^{\log e \cdot t} =\left ( 10 ^{ t} \right )^{\log e} = x ^{\log e}$ , so

$y = \frac{\left ( x ^{\log e} \right) ^{2} -1}{2 x ^{\log e}}= \frac{ x ^{2 \log e} -1}{2 x ^{\log e}}$

This makes the Cartesian equation

$y = \frac{ x ^{2 \log e} -1}{2 x ^{\log e}}$ .

Report an Error

Example Question #1 : Parametric Form

If x=3+t and y=4t+7 , what is in terms of (rectangular form)?

Possible Answers:

y=4x-7

y=4x-5

y=4x-2

y=4x-3

y=4x-12

Correct answer:

y=4x-5

Explanation:

Given x=3+t and y=4t+7 , we can find in terms of by isolating in both equations:

$x=3+t\rightarrow t=x-3$

$y=4t+7\rightarrow t=\frac{y-7}{4}$

Since both of these transformations equal , we can set them equal to each other:

$\frac{y-7}{4}=x-3$

y-7=4(x-3)

y-7=4x-12

y=4x-5

Report an Error

Example Question #1 : Functions, Graphs, And Limits

Given x=t+10 and y=2t-9 , what is the arc length between $0\leqt\leq t\leq4$ ?

Possible Answers:

$2\sqrt{5}$

$5\sqrt{5}$

$3\sqrt{5}$

$4\sqrt{5}$

$\sqrt{5}$

Correct answer:

$4\sqrt{5}$

Explanation:

In order to find the arc length, we must use the arc length formula for parametric curves:

$L=\int_{a}^{b}\sqrt{\left(\frac{dx}{dt}\right)^{2}+\left(\frac{dy}{dt}\right)^{2}}dt$ .

Given x=t+10 and y=2t-9 , we can use using the Power Rule

$\frac{d}{dx}x^{n}=nx^{n-1}$ for all $n\neq0$ , to derive

$\frac{dx}{dt}=(1)t^{1-1}+(0)10=1$ and

$\frac{dy}{dt}=(1)2t^{1-1}-(0)9=2$ .

Plugging these values and our boundary values for into the arc length equation, we get:

$L=\int_{0}^{4}\sqrt{(1)^{2}+(2)^{2}}dt$

$L=\int_{0}^{4}(\sqrt{1+4})dt$

$L=\int_{0}^{4}(\sqrt{5})dt$

Now, using the Power Rule for Integrals

$\int x^{n}dx=\frac{x^{n+1}}{n+1}$ for all $n\neq0$ ,

we can determine that:

$L=[t\sqrt{5}]_{0}^{4}\textrm{}dt$

$L=(4)\sqrt{5}-(0)\sqrt{5}$

$L=4\sqrt{5}$

Report an Error

Example Question #5 : Parametric Form

Given x=4t-5 and y=6t+2 , what is the length of the arc from $0\leq t\leq2$ ?

Possible Answers:

$3\sqrt{13}$

$5\sqrt{13}$

$7\sqrt{13}$

$6\sqrt{13}$

$4\sqrt{13}$

Correct answer:

$4\sqrt{13}$

Explanation:

In order to find the arc length, we must use the arc length formula for parametric curves:

$L=\int_{a}^{b}\sqrt{\left(\frac{dx}{dt}\right)^{2}+\left(\frac{dy}{dt}\right)^{2}}dt$ .

Given x=4t-5 and y=6t+2 , we can use using the Power Rule

$\frac{d}{dx}x^{n}=nx^{n-1}$ for all $n\neq0$ , to derive

$\frac{dx}{dt}=(1)4t^{1-1}-(0)5=4$ and

$\frac{dy}{dt}=(1)6t^{1-1}+(0)2=6$ .

Plugging these values and our boundary values for into the arc length equation, we get:

$L=\int_{0}^{2}(\sqrt{(4)^{2}+(6)^{2}}dt$

$L=\int_{0}^{2}(\sqrt{16+36})dt$

$L=\int_{0}^{2}(\sqrt{52})dt$

$L=\int_{0}^{2}(\sqrt{4\times13})dt$

$L=\int_{0}^{2}(2\sqrt{13})dt$

Now, using the Power Rule for Integrals

$\int x^{n}dx=\frac{x^{n+1}}{n+1}$ for all $n\neq0$ ,

we can determine that:

$L=[2t\sqrt{13}]_{0}^{2}\textrm{}$

$L=2(2)\sqrt{13}-2(0)\sqrt{13}$

$L=4\sqrt{13}$

Report an Error

Example Question #6 : Parametric Form

Find the length of the following parametric curve

$x=e^{t}cos(t)$ , $y=e^{t}sin(t)$ , $0\leq t \leq 2 \pi$ .

Possible Answers:

$e^{2 \pi}$

$e^{t}cos(t)$

$\sqrt{2}\left ( e^{2 \pi}-1}\right )$

sin(t)+cos(t)

Correct answer:

$\sqrt{2}\left ( e^{2 \pi}-1}\right )$

Explanation:

The length of a curve is found using the equation $L=\int_{\alpha }^{\beta }\sqrt{\left ( \frac{dx}{dt} \right )^{2}+\left ( \frac{dy}{dt} \right )^{2}}dt$

We use the product rule,

$\frac{d}{dt}(a*b)=a\frac{db}{dt}+b\frac{da}{dt}$ , when and are functions of ,

the trigonometric rule,

$\frac{d}{dt}[cos(t)]=-sin(t)$ and $\frac{d}{dt}[sin(t)]=cos(t)$

and exponential rule,

$\frac{d}{dt}[e^{t}]=e^{t}$ to find $\frac{dx}{dt}$ and $\frac{dy}{dt}$ .

In this case

$x=e^{t}cos(t)$ , $y=e^{t}sin(t)$

$\frac{dx}{dt}=\frac{d}{dt}e^{t}cos(t)=e^{t}\frac{d}{dt}cos(t)+cos(t)\frac{d}{dt}e^{t}$

$=e^{t}*(-sin(t))+cos(t)*e^{t}=e^{t}cos(t)-e^{t}sin(t)$

$\frac{dy}{dt}=\frac{d}{dt}e^{t}sin(t)=e^{t}\frac{d}{dt}sin(t)+sin(t)\frac{d}{dt}e^{t}$

$=e^{t}cos(t)+sin(t)*e^{t}=e^{t}cos(t)+e^{t}sin(t)$

$\alpha=0, \beta=2\pi$

The length of this curve is

$L=\int_{0}^{2\pi }\sqrt{\left (e^{t}cos(t)-e^{t}sin(t)\right )^{2}+\left (e^{t}cos(t)+e^{t}sin(t)\right )^{2}}dt$

Using the identity $(a\pm b)^{2}=a^{2}\pm2ab+b^{2}$

$L=\int_{0}^{2\pi }\sqrt{\binom{\left (e^{2t}cos^{2}(t)-2e^{t}cos(t)e^{t}sin(t)+e^{2t}sin^{2}(t)\right )}{\left +(e^{2t}cos^{2}(t)+2e^{t}cos(t)e^{t}sin(t)+e^{2t}sin^{2}(t)\right)}dt}$

$=\int_{0}^{2\pi }\sqrt{(2e^{2t}cos^{2}(t)+2e^{2t}sin^{2}(t))dt}$

$=\int_{0}^{2\pi }\sqrt{2e^{2t}(cos^{2}(t)+sin^{2}(t))dt}$

Using the identity $\sqrt{a*b}=\sqrt{a}\sqrt{b}$

$L=\int_{0}^{2\pi }\sqrt{2e^{2t}} \sqrt{cos^{2}(t)+sin^{2}(t)dt}$

Using the trigonometric identity $sin^{2}(at)+cos^{2}(at)=1$ where is a constant and $e^{2t}=(e^{t})^2$

$=\int_{0}^{2\pi }\sqrt{2}e^{t}dt}=\sqrt{2}\int_{0}^{2\pi }e^{t}dt}$

Using the exponential rule, $\int e^{t}dt}=e^{t}$

$\sqrt{2}\int_{0}^{2\pi }e^{t}dt}=\sqrt{2}e^{t}|_{0}^{2\pi}=\sqrt{2}\left ( e^{2 \pi}-e^{0}}\right )$

Using the exponential rule, $e^{0}=1$ , gives us the final solution

$L=\sqrt{2}\left ( e^{2 \pi}-1}\right )$

Report an Error

Example Question #7 : Parametric Form

Find dy/dx at the point corresponding to the given value of the parameter without eliminating the parameter:

$x=5\sec(t),y=3\tan(t), t=\frac{\pi}{6}$

Possible Answers:

$\frac{3}{10}$

$\frac{10}{3}$

$\frac{6}{5}$

$10\sqrt3$

$\frac{5}{6}$

Correct answer:

$\frac{6}{5}$

Explanation:

The formula for dy/dx for parametric equations is given as:

$\frac{dy}{dx}=\frac{\frac{dy}{dt}}{\frac{dx}{dt}}$

From the problem statement:

$\frac{dy}{dt}=3\sec^2(t),\frac{dx}{dt}=5\sec(t)\tan(t)$

If we plug these into the above equation we end up with:

$\frac{dy}{dx}=\frac{3\sec^2(t)}{5\sec(t)\tan(t)}=\frac{3\sec(t)}{5\tan(t)}=\frac{3\frac{1}{cos(t)}}{5\frac{sin(t)}{cos(t)}}$

$\frac{dy}{dx}=\frac{3}{5}\frac{1}{\cos(t)}\frac{\cos(t)}{\sin(t)}=\frac{3}{5}\frac{1}{\sin(t)}$

If we plug in our given value for t, we end up with:

$\frac{3}{5}\frac{1}{\sin(\frac{\pi}{6})}=\frac{3}{5}\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}}=\frac{3}{5}*2=\frac{6}{5}$

This is one of the answer choices.

Report an Error

Example Question #1 : Graphing Polar Form

Draw the graph of $r=sin\theta$ from $0\leq \theta \leq2\pi$ .

Possible Answers:

R_sin2x

Faker_cosx

R_sinx_1

R_cosx

R_sinx

Correct answer:

R_sinx

Explanation:

Between and $\frac{\pi }{2}$ , the radius approaches from .

From $\frac{\pi }{2}$ to $\pi$ the radius goes from to .

Between $\pi$ and $\frac{3\pi }{2}$ , the curve is redrawn in the opposite quadrant, the first quadrant as the radius approaches .

From $\frac{3\pi }{2}$ and $2\pi$ , the curve is redrawn in the second quadrant as the radius approaches from .

Report an Error

Example Question #9 : Parametric Form

Draw the graph of $r=sin(2\theta )$ where $0\leq \theta \leq2\pi$ .

Possible Answers:

R_cos2x

R_sin2x

R_sinx

R_sinx_1

Faker_cosx

Correct answer:

R_sin2x

Explanation:

Because this function has a period of $\pi$ , the amplitude of the graph y=sin(2x) appear at a reference angle of $\frac{\pi }{4}$ (angles halfway between the angles of the axes).

Between and $\frac{\pi }{4}$ the radius approaches 1 from 0.

Between $\frac{\pi }{4}$ and $\frac{\pi }{2}$ , the radius approaches 0 from 1.

From $\frac{\pi }{2}$ to $\frac{3\pi }{4}$ the radius approaches -1 from 0 and is drawn in the opposite quadrant, the fourth quadrant because it has a negative radius.

Between $\frac{3\pi }{4}$ and $\pi$ , the radius approaches 0 from -1, and is also drawn in the fourth quadrant.

From $\pi$ and $\frac{5\pi }{4}$ , the radius approaches 1 from 0. Between $\frac{5\pi }{4}$ and $\frac{3\pi }{2}$ , the radius approaches 0 from 1.

Then between $\frac{3\pi }{2}$ and $\frac{7\pi }{4}$ the radius approaches -1 from 0. Because it is a negative radius, it is drawn in the opposite quadrant, the second quadrant. Likewise, as the radius approaches 0 from -1. Between $\frac{7\pi }{4}$ and $2\pi$ , the curve is drawn in the second quadrant.

Report an Error

Example Question #10 : Parametric Form

Graph $r^2=cos(2\theta )$ where $0\leq \theta \leq2\pi$ .

Possible Answers:

R_sin2x

R_cos2x

R2_cos2x

R_cosx

R2_sin2x

Correct answer:

R2_cos2x

Explanation:

Taking the graph of y=cos(2x) , we only want the areas in the positive first quadrant because the radius is squared and cannot be negative.

This leaves us with the areas from to $\frac{\pi }{4}$ , $\frac{3\pi }{4}$ to $\frac{5\pi }{4}$ , and $\frac{7\pi }{4}$ to $2\pi$ .

Then, when we take the square root of the radius, we get both a positive and negative answer with a maximum and minimum radius of $\pm 1$ .

To draw the graph, the radius is 1 at and traces to 0 at $\frac{\pi }{4}$ . As well, the negative part of the radius starts at -1 and traces to zero in the opposite quadrant, the third quadrant.

From $\frac{3\pi }{4}$ to $\pi$ , the curves are traced from 0 to 1 and 0 to -1 in the fourth quadrant. Following this pattern, the graph is redrawn again from the areas included in $\pi$ to $2\pi$ .

Report an Error

← Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Next →

View AP Calculus BC Tutors

Joseph
Certified Tutor

The University of Texas at Austin, Bachelor of Science, Mathematics.

View AP Calculus BC Tutors

George
Certified Tutor

Northern Arizona University, Bachelors, Chemistry. Purdue University-Main Campus, PHD, Chemistry.

View AP Calculus BC Tutors

Brian
Certified Tutor

University of Saskatchewan, Bachelor, Engineering Physics.

All AP Calculus BC Resources

2 Diagnostic Tests 86 Practice Tests Question of the Day Flashcards Learn by Concept

Popular Subjects

SAT Tutors in Washington DC, English Tutors in New York City, English Tutors in San Diego, SAT Tutors in Dallas Fort Worth, Physics Tutors in Miami, Computer Science Tutors in Denver, GRE Tutors in Houston, Biology Tutors in San Diego, English Tutors in Denver, English Tutors in Boston

Popular Courses & Classes

SSAT Courses & Classes in New York City, MCAT Courses & Classes in Washington DC, SSAT Courses & Classes in Dallas Fort Worth, GRE Courses & Classes in New York City, ACT Courses & Classes in Washington DC, SAT Courses & Classes in Boston, MCAT Courses & Classes in Dallas Fort Worth, SSAT Courses & Classes in San Francisco-Bay Area, Spanish Courses & Classes in San Francisco-Bay Area, ACT Courses & Classes in Dallas Fort Worth

Popular Test Prep

ACT Test Prep in Washington DC, GRE Test Prep in New York City, SSAT Test Prep in New York City, SAT Test Prep in Atlanta, MCAT Test Prep in Boston, LSAT Test Prep in San Diego, GRE Test Prep in Denver, ISEE Test Prep in New York City, ISEE Test Prep in Los Angeles, SSAT Test Prep in Houston

DMCA Complaint

If you believe that content available by means of the Website (as defined in our Terms of Service) infringes one or more of your copyrights, please notify us by providing a written notice (“Infringement Notice”) containing the information described below to the designated agent listed below. If Varsity Tutors takes action in response to an Infringement Notice, it will make a good faith attempt to contact the party that made such content available by means of the most recent email address, if any, provided by such party to Varsity Tutors.

Your Infringement Notice may be forwarded to the party that made the content available or to third parties such as ChillingEffects.org.

Please be advised that you will be liable for damages (including costs and attorneys’ fees) if you materially misrepresent that a product or activity is infringing your copyrights. Thus, if you are not sure content located on or linked-to by the Website infringes your copyright, you should consider first contacting an attorney.

Please follow these steps to file a notice:

You must include the following:

A physical or electronic signature of the copyright owner or a person authorized to act on their behalf; An identification of the copyright claimed to have been infringed; A description of the nature and exact location of the content that you claim to infringe your copyright, in \ sufficient detail to permit Varsity Tutors to find and positively identify that content; for example we require a link to the specific question (not just the name of the question) that contains the content and a description of which specific portion of the question – an image, a link, the text, etc – your complaint refers to; Your name, address, telephone number and email address; and A statement by you: (a) that you believe in good faith that the use of the content that you claim to infringe your copyright is not authorized by law, or by the copyright owner or such owner’s agent; (b) that all of the information contained in your Infringement Notice is accurate, and (c) under penalty of perjury, that you are either the copyright owner or a person authorized to act on their behalf.

Send your complaint to our designated agent at:

Charles Cohn Varsity Tutors LLC
101 S. Hanley Rd, Suite 300
St. Louis, MO 63105

Or fill out the form below:

Do not fill in this field

Contact Information

* Full legal name

Company name

* Phone number

* Email address

Address

* Address1

Address2

* City

* State

* Zipcode

* Country

Complaint Details

* URL of copyrighted work (where your original material is located)

* Please describe the copyrighted work so that it may be easily identified

I am the owner, or an agent authorized to act on behalf of the owner of an exclusive right that is allegedly infringed.

I have a good faith belief that the use of the material in the manner complained of is not authorized by the copyright owner, its agent, or the law.

This notification is accurate.

I acknowledge that there may be adverse legal consequences for making false or bad faith allegations of copyright infringement by using this process.

* Signature (your digital signature is legally binding)

HIGH SCHOOL

GRADUATE SCHOOL

K-8

Search 50+ Tests

math tutoring

science tutoring

foreign languages

elementary tutoring

other

Search 350+ Subjects

AP Calculus BC : Functions, Graphs, and Limits

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for AP Calculus BC

All AP Calculus BC Resources

Example Questions

Example Question #1 : Parametric Form

Example Question #1 : Parametric Form

Example Question #1 : Parametric Form

Example Question #1 : Functions, Graphs, And Limits

Example Question #5 : Parametric Form

Example Question #6 : Parametric Form

Example Question #7 : Parametric Form

Find dy/dx at the point corresponding to the given value of the parameter without eliminating the parameter:

Example Question #1 : Graphing Polar Form

Example Question #9 : Parametric Form

Example Question #10 : Parametric Form

All AP Calculus BC Resources

Report an issue with this question

DMCA Complaint

Contact Information

Address

Complaint Details

Email address:
Your name:
Feedback: