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Example Questions
Example Question #11 : Understanding Eukaryotic And Prokaryotic Differences
Which traits pertain to both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
I. Contains membrane-bound organelles
II. Undergoes glycolysis
III. Contains ribosomes
IV. Has a cell wall
II and III
I and IV
II, III, and IV
I, II, and III
III and IV
II, III, and IV
To compare each trait, consider a bacterium as an example of a prokaryote and a plant or animal cell as an example of a eukaryote.
I. Contains membrane-bound organelles—membrane-bound organelles are a defining characteristic of eukaryotes, and are not found in prokaryotes.
II. Undergoes glycolysis—glycolysis is used by both prokaryotes and eukaryotes as a part of cellular respiration
III. Contains ribosomes—ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis. All living cells must be capable of synthesizing proteins in order to function.
IV. Has a cell wall—cell walls are not found in animal cells, but are present in plant cells and bacteria.
Glycolysis, ribosomes, and cell walls can be found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.
Example Question #11 : Cell Structures
What structure can be found in prokaryotes, but not in eukaryotes?
Nucleoid
Cell wall
Mitochondria
Flagella
Nucleoid
Prokaryotes are devoid of a nucleus, so their genetic material is contained in a specific region called the nucleoid. While not all eukaryotes will have flagella and cell walls, plant cells have cell walls and sperm cells have flagella. Mitochondria are found in eukaryotes, not prokaryotes.
Example Question #11 : Cell Structures
Which of the following describes the state of genetic material in prokaryotic cells?
One linear chromosome
Plasmids
No genetic material
Multiple chromosomes
Plasmids
The state of genetic material differs between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells contain multiple linear chromosomes, called "true" chromosomes, while prokaryotic cells contain circular DNA molecules that are not true chromosomes, since they lack histones. Prokaryotic DNA molecules have only one copy of each gene and little repetitive and non-coding DNA, contributing to the compact nature of the prokaryotic genome.
Example Question #12 : Cell Structures
Which structure can be found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
Nuclei
Cytoplasm
Lysosomes
Chloroplasts
Cytoplasm
The key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is that eukaryotes contain membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not. Chloroplasts, lysosomes, and nuclei are all membrane-bound organelles that may be present in eukaryotic cells only. Cytoplasm can be found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The cytoplasm is not a membrane-bound organelle within the cell, but a fluid compartment that provides support to the cell and is the site of many metabolic reactions. The cytoplasm is largely composed of water.
Example Question #81 : Ap Biology
Which of the following is not an example of a eukaryotic cell?
Myocyte
Human epithelial cell
Parenchyma cell
E. coli cell
E. coli cell
Examples of eukaryotic cells include plant, fungal, protist and animal cells. Myocytes (muscle cells) and human epithelial (skin) cells are both animal cells and are therefore eukaryotic. Parenchyma cells are plant cells that synthesize organic products, and are therefore eukaryotic. Examples of prokaryotic cells include bacteria. E. coli is a species of bacteria often found in the lower intestines of warm-blooded animals. All bacterial cells are prokaryotic, making an E. coli cell an example of a prokaryotic cell.
Example Question #11 : Understanding Eukaryotic And Prokaryotic Differences
Which of the following is not a method of genetic recombination in prokaryotes?
Conjugation
Meiosis
Transformation
Transduction
Meiosis
Genetic recombination is one method by which the genome can change over time; the exchange of genetic material allows for the new combination of genes. Genetic recombination can be observed in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. In eukaryotic cells, genetic recombination occurs during the crossing over event of meiosis, when homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material. In prokaryotes, genetic recombination occurs through the unilateral transfer of DNA. This includes transduction, transformation, and conjugation. Transduction the process by which DNA is transferred between bacterial cells by a virus. Transformation is the uptake of DNA from a bacteria's environment. Conjugation, or “bacterial sexual genetic recombination”, is the transfer of plasmid DNA between cells by physical contact, through a pilus.
Example Question #11 : Cellular Biology
Which of the following structures are present in all eukaryotic cells?
Cell membrane and nuclear membrane
Cell membrane only
Nuclear membrane only
Cell wall only
Cell membrane and nuclear membrane
Cells are encased in a semi-permeable phospholipid bilayer called the cell (plasma) membrane. Cell membranes serve to organize and protect the cell. Eukaryotic cells also have internal membranes, which enclose organelles, including the nuclear membrane. Plant, and fungal cells have an additional membrane, called the cell wall, outside of the cell membrane that offers additional support, protection, and rigidity.
Example Question #13 : Cellular Biology
Compartmentalization of DNA within the cell occurs in which of the following cell types?
Bacterial
Prokaryotic
Archaeal
Eukaryotic
Eukaryotic
Eukaryotic DNA is separated from the rest of the cell in the nucleus, which is surrounded by a nuclear membrane. Bacteria and archaea are both prokaryotes, and thus do not have any membrane-bound organelles. Note that all cells have ribosomes, since they are not membrane-bound.
Example Question #16 : Cell Structures
Which of the following groups include single-celled eukaryotes?
Protista
Archaea
Plantae
Bacteria
Protista
Protists consist of single celled eukaryotes and a few closely related multicellular organisms. Plantae contain multicellular eukaryotic organisms. Archaea and Bacteria are all prokaryotic. Examples of a single-celled eukaryotic protist are species of the genus Plasmodium, which cause malaria.
Example Question #12 : Understanding Eukaryotic And Prokaryotic Differences
Nucleoids are found in __________.
prokaryotic cells
the nucleolus
eukaryotic cells
the nucleus
prokaryotic cells
Nucleoids are found in prokaryotic cells. The nucleoid is the area of a cell that contains the DNA, and unlike the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, the nucleoid lacks a membrane to separate the DNA from the rest of the cell. The nucleolus is a structure within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, and is the site of ribosome assembly.
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