AP Biology : Understanding Carbohydrates
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Example Question #31 : Understanding Carbohydrates
The polymer chitin is made up of what carbohydrate momoner?
Fructose
N-Acetylglucosamine
Glucopyranose
N-Acetylneuraminic acid
Glucose
N-Acetylglucosamine
Chitin is a polymer that makes up the cell wall of fungal cells as well as the exoskeleton of arthropods. It itself is made up of N-Acetylglucosamine
Example Question #31 : Understanding Carbohydrates
Which of the following is a polysaccharide stored in plants?
lipids
glucose
starch
glycogen
starch
Starch is a polysaccharide stored in plants. Glycogen is a polymer of glucose in animals stored in the liver and muscle cells. Lipids are molecules made mostly of carbon and hydrogen that store energy.
Example Question #61 : Biochemical Concepts
Which of the following is a monosaccharide?
Maltose
Fructose
Sucrose
Lactase
Lactose
Fructose
Sucrose is made up of a glucose molecule and a fructose molecule. Knowing this gives a hint to the correct answer. Maltose is made up of two glucose molecules. Many glucose molecules joined together make up starch. Lactose is the sugar found in milk, and is made up on a glucose and a galactose molecule. Thus, all of the other sugars listed are disaccharides. Lactase is an enzyme, as shown by the "-ase" ending.
Example Question #63 : Biochemical Concepts
Monomers of sugars form disaccharides and polysaccharides via what type of bonding?
Glycosidic linkage
Phosphodiester bond
Hydrogen bond
Ester linkage
Peptide bond
Glycosidic linkage
A phosphodiester bond occurs in DNA and RNA between nucleotides to form nucleic acids. Ester linkage occurs in fats and lipids between a carboxyl group and the carbon chain. A peptide bond occurs between two amino acids to form a peptide bond. Hydrogen bonding is the interaction of a hydrogen of one molecule with either a oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine of another molecule.
Example Question #64 : Biochemical Concepts
A maltose molecule can be broken down into two molecules of glucose via what reaction?
Hydrolysis
Condensation
Dehydration
Polymerization
Hydration
Hydrolysis
Maltose is a disaccharide and glucose is a monosaccharide so the question is asking what will break the disaccharide into its respected monosaccharide. Hydrolysis is the addition of a water molecule to break the glycosidic linkage of a sugar. Dehydration reaction is a type of condensation reaction that will ultimately join two monosaccharides together via the removal of a water molecule. Polymerization is a general term with regards of monomers forming polymers through a reaction. Hydration reactions are the addition of a water molecule but do not necessarily break any bonds but are used form an alcohol.
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