Gap junctions form pores connecting neighboring cells and allowing the mixture of cytoplasm and small solutes including ions. Desmosomes are specialized for cell-cell adhesion, and hemidesmosomes are specialized for cell-extracellular matrix adhesion. Tight junctions (occluding junctions) form a seal across a layer of cells and is virtually impermeable. 

Gap junctions are protein channels that span the intercellular space that connect two cells. They allow cytoplasmic exchange in animal cells. The diameter of gap junctions limits what is able to travel though them from one cell to another. Ions, amino acids, and small molecules can flow through gap junctions; however, proteins, polysaccharides, and nucleic acids cannot. Gap junctions allow the transfer of small molecules to direct communication and cellular activities.

Plasmodesmata are the plant structures that are analogous to gap junctions in animal cells. Plasmodesmata are protein channels between the cell walls of plant cells. They facilitate communication and the transport of solutes and small proteins between plant cells.

Gap junctions are cellular junctions that attach two or more cells together but also allow the exchange of products through an opening. Tight junctions, desmosomes, and hemidesmosomes do not allow direct communication among cells.

The answer to this question is facilitated diffusion.

Facilitated diffusion involves the movement down a concentration across a plasma membrane without ATP. Bulk flow is a completely different process and active transport is the movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring energy. Active transport needs an input of energy, unlike facilitated diffusion. Osmosis is the simple diffusion of water.

Endocrine signals are signals from distance cells that move using the bloodstream, paracrine signals are signals used to communicate between cells in close proximity, and autocrine signals are signals that are received by the same cell in which the signal originated. Paracrine signals are signal are short-lasting, whereas endocrine signals are long-lasting.

Endocrine signals are signals from distance cells that move using the bloodstream, paracrine signals are signals used to communicate between cells in close proximity, autocrine signals are signals that are received by the same cell in which the signal originated, and direct signaling occurs across gap junctions through the movement of small molecules (such as Calcium ions).

G-protein linked receptors are a type of cell-surface receptor that, when unbound by a ligand, consists of an alphaGDP subunit and a beta gamma subunit. When a ligand binds, GDP is exchanged for GTP, which causes the alphaGTP subunit to dissociate from the receptor and the beta gamma subunit. Then, the alphaGTP and beta gamma subunits can activate other molecules in the cell.

Endocrine signals are signals from cells that move using the bloodstream and signal to distant cells, paracrine signals are signals used to communicate between cells in close proximity, autocrine signals are signals that are received by the same cell in which the signal originated, and direct signaling occurs across gap junctions through the movement of small molecules (such as Calcium ions).

Endocrine signals are signals from cells that move using the bloodstream to signal to distant cells, paracrine signals are signals used to communicate between cells in close proximity, autocrine signals are signals that are received by the same cell in which the signal originated, and direct signaling occurs across gap junctions through the movement of small molecules (such as Calcium ions). Beta cell in the pancreas produce insulin, a hormone, which is secreted into the bloodstream.