All AP Biology Resources
Example Questions
Example Question #2 : Plant Biology
Mutualistic relationships between angiosperms and biotic pollinators foster which of the following types of evolution?
Convergent evolution
Co-evolution
Speciation
Divergent evolution
Co-evolution
Biotic pollinators, such as bees and hummingbirds, share a mutualistic relationship with angiosperms. This leads to co-evolution, in which the selective pressure of one species impacts the genetic composition of another. In this case, the preferences of the pollinators impact the reproductive success of specific angiosperms.
Example Question #1 : Understanding Alternation Of Generations
Fill in the blanks.
The __________ generation is dominant in the bryophyte life cycles, and the __________ generation is dominant in seedless vascular plants.
sporophyte . . . sporophyte
gametophyte . . . sporophyte
gametophyte . . . gametophyte
sporophyte . . . gametophyte
gametophyte . . . sporophyte
Bryophytes are nonvascular plants, such as mosses. Gametophytes are species that have haploid cells during their mature lives, while sporophytes are predominantly diploid during their adult phases.
Bryophytes have the gametophyte generation as dominant, with the sporophytes relying on the parental gametophyte. Starting with the evolution of seedless vascular plants, the gametophytes become reduced and are no longer the dominant life cycle. By the formation of angiosperms (seed plants), the gametophytes have become dependent on the parental sporophyte.
Example Question #1 : Classes Of Plant
Which of the following structures would be found in a tracheophyte, but not in a bryophyte?
Xylem
Chloroplasts
Plasmids
Cell walls
Xylem
All plants can be classified as either bryophytes or tracheophytes. Plants that contain transport vessels (xylem and phloem) are tracheophytes, while those without transport vessels are bryophytes. All plants contain cell walls and chloroplasts, but only a tracheophyte would contain xylem. Plasmids are structures that are almost exclusively found in bacteria or protozoans.
Example Question #1 : Plant Biology
Which of the following is not an example of an advantage gained through the vascularization of plants?
Large size
Swimming sperm
Dominant sporophyte generation
Larger photosynthetic area
Extensive root and shoot systems
Swimming sperm
Swimming sperm is a feature of avascular and early vascular plants, who needed to remain in moist environments in order to retain water.
After gaining vascular systems, plants were able to circulate water and nutrients more efficiently, thus being able to grow larger, have more leaves, develop branched systems of roots and shoots to collect water and nutrients, and better dispersal of spores due to gains in size.
Example Question #1 : Understanding Vascular And Avascular Plants
Which of the following best describes the pith: a tissue type present in vascular plants?
It is a tissue in non-vascular plants that transports nutrients throughout the plant
It contains no parenchyma cells
Pith is located in leaves
It is a tissue in vascular plants that transports nutrients throughout the plant
It is a tissue in vascular plants that transports nutrients throughout the plant
Pith is a type of tissue located in the stems of vascular plants. It stores and transports nutrients throughout the plant. The pith is composed of parenchyma cells.
Example Question #1 : Classes Of Plant
What is the female reproductive structure in angiosperms?
Integument
Petal
Pistil
Stamen
Pollen
Pistil
Angiosperms are flowering plants. They have both male and female reproductive organs.
The pistil is the female reproductive structure, and consists of three parts. The stigma is the sticky knob used to catch pollen. It is situated at the top of the style, while the ovary contains egg cells and is located below the style.
The stamen is the male reproductive structure, and consists of two parts. The anther produces pollen, and the filament helps in holding up the anther.
Example Question #2 : Classes Of Plant
Which of the following is a quality that distinguishes angiosperms from other plants?
Angiosperms have true flowers
Angiosperms produce spores
Angiosperms are able to reproduce vegetatively
Angiosperms have true roots
Angiosperms are able to survive in aquatic environments
Angiosperms have true flowers
The production of a true flower is one of the defining characteristics of an angiosperm. In fact, angiosperms are also called "flowering plants." Groups of plants that are not angiosperms (think ferns, ginkgos, or pine trees) can have roots and spores and are able to survive in aquatic environments and reproduce vegetative.
Example Question #3 : Classes Of Plant
Which of the following is not a difference between monocots and dicots?
Monocot embryos have one cotyledon where dicot embryos' have two cotyledons
Dicots have a true flower whereas monocots do not
Monocot veins are parallel whereas dicot veins are branched
Dicots can have secondary (radial, horizontal) growth whereas monocots cannot
The vascular bundle tissue of monocots is arranged in a ring whereas in dicots the vascular bundle tissue has no particular pattern
Dicots have a true flower whereas monocots do not
Both monocots and dicots are angiosperms which means that they both have true flowers. All of the other answer choices are true differences between monocots and dicots.
Example Question #2 : Understanding Angiosperms
Which of the following traits are specific to angiosperms?
Endosperm
All of these
Flowers
Fruit production
All of these
Angiosperms are a class of land plant that produces seeds. Angiosperms can be distinguished from gymnosperms by characteristics that include flowers, the presence of endosperm, and fruit production.
Example Question #3 : Understanding Angiosperms
Which of the following is true regarding seed development in angiosperms?
Seeds are "naked" and not enclosed in an ovary
They often exist in cone form
Seeds are enclosed within the ovary
Seeds develop on leaves or scales
Seeds are enclosed within the ovary
Angiosperm seeds are enclosed within ovaries, which prevent self-fertilization and allow for selective pollination.