While subject matter and mystical elements apply to the bottom painting, they do not apply to the top painting. In addition, there is no way to know if the time spent on the paintings differs from those of the impressionists. Moreover, color is not necessarily a good indicator (particularly for the top painting). The best answer is the treatment of paint.  Both van Gogh and Gauguin used paint far more aggressively than their impressionist counterparts.

Van Gogh's Cypresses was painted in 1889 and Gauguin's Where Do We Come From?  What Are We?  Where Are We Going? was painted in 1897.

Given the intense brush style and treatment of landscape and subject, this piece is a van Gogh. Manet and Monet were impressionists, and this work is post-impressionist. Schiele does not fit the time period or the style.

van Gogh often referred to cypress trees as Egyptian obelisks, drawing connections to ancient history in his work. In his cypress tree paintings, he was fascinated by the dark, vertical nature of these trees in bright surroundings.

The answer is Romanticism. Romanticism was in many ways a reaction to the Industrial Revolution and the Age of Enlightenment, as many artists during that time felt as though society had become too rational, exact and scientific. Romanticism praised and sought to express deep emotion—even negative emotions like fear and apprehension—and the concept of nature and the natural world. Romanticism also celebrated heroic or daring individuals, as they were seen as superior members of society. The art, literature, and music of this time period reflects these sentiments.

Many elements of this 1877 painting, The Saint Lazare Station, bear the hallmarks of the school of art known as Impressionism. The visible brushstrokes, soft colors in order to mimic natural light and the relatively mundane setting of a train station are all signature elements of Impressionism. The only answer choice who was a key member of the Impressionist movement is Claude Monet.

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JMW Turner often used quick brushstrokes, lighter colors, and a loose representation of objects in order to convey natural elements, especially movement and light. These techniques and their ability to shape outdoor scenes were hugely influential on the French Impressionists of the later nineteenth century.

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Dorothea Lange was a 20th century photographer. Georgia O'Keefe was a Precisionist known for her paintings of flowers and bones. Berthe Morisot is a French Impressionist. Mary Cassatt was born in Pennsylvania and moved to Europe to study art, where she met Degas and other Impressionists.

Mary Cassatt was the only American woman to be actively involved as an artist in the late nineteenth century French avant-garde art movements. While this work is not traditionally impressionistic, especially as it is a drypoint print rather than a painting, it shares many similarities in tone and style to the works of the Impressionists Cassatt worked so closely with in France. Most notably, the influence of Japanese art, the everyday subject, and the free lines are hallmarks of Impressionism as an artistic movement.

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All are famous British painters of the 18th and 19th centuries, however the distinctive use of light, the focus on sea and sky, and the fact of its distinct popularity mean this must be the work of J.M.W. Turner.

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