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Algebra II : Mathematical Relationships and Basic Graphs

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Example Questions

Example Question #241 : Mathematical Relationships And Basic Graphs

Try without a calculator:

Which is true about ?

Possible Answers:

0!=2

is an undefined quantity

Cannot be determined

0! = 1

0! = 0

Correct answer:

0! = 1

Explanation:

is considered to be equal to one by definition.

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Example Question #97 : Factorials

Try without a calculator:

Calculate:

(3!)!

Possible Answers:

362,880

720

Cannot be determined

120

Correct answer:

720

Explanation:

- or factorial - is defined to be the product of the integers from 1 to . Therefore,

$3! = 1\times 2 \times 3 = 6$

Therefore,

(3!)! = 6!

Since

$6! = 1 \times 2 \times 3 \times 4 \times 5 \times 6 = 720$ ,

it follows that 720 is the correct response.

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Example Question #1 : Logarithms

$5^{x}=2e^5$

Solve for .

Possible Answers:

$x = \frac{\textup{ln}5}{\textup{ln}2+5}$

$x = \frac{\textup{ln}2}{\textup{ln}5}$

$x = \frac{\textup{ln}2+5}{\textup{ln}5}$

x=5

Correct answer:

$x = \frac{\textup{ln}2+5}{\textup{ln}5}$

Explanation:

The first thing we notice about this problem is that is an exponent. This should be an immediate reminder: use logs!

The question is, which base should we choose for the log? We should use the natural log (log base e) because the right-hand side of the equation already has e as a base of an exponent. As you will see, things cancel out more nicely this way.

$5^{x}=2e^5$

Take the natural log of both sides:

$\textup{ln}(5^x) = \textup{ln}(2e^5)$

Rewrite the right-hand side of the equation using the product rule for logs:

$\textup{ln}5^x = \textup{ln}2+\textup{ln}e^5$

Now rewrite the whole equation after bringing down those exponents.

$x\textup{ln}5 = \textup{ln}2+5\textup{ln}e$

$\textup{ln}e$ is the same thing as $\textup{log}_{e}e$ , which equals 1.

$x\textup{ln}5 = \textup{ln}2+5$

Now we just divide by $\textup{ln}5$ on both sides to isolate .

$x = \frac{\textup{ln}2+5}{\textup{ln}5}$

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Example Question #1 : Natural Log

Rewrite as a single logarithmic expression:

$2 \ln x - \ln (x + 1)$

Possible Answers:

$\ln (x ^{2} - x-1)$

$\ln\frac{ 2x }{x + 1}$

$\ln\frac{ x^{2}}{x + 1}$

$\ln\frac{ x^{2}}{x^{2} +2x+ 1}$

$\ln (x-1)$

Correct answer:

$\ln\frac{ x^{2}}{x + 1}$

Explanation:

Using the properties of logarithms

$n \ln a = \ln a^{n}$ and $\ln a - \ln b = \ln \frac{a}{b}$ ,

we simplify as follows:

$2 \ln x - \ln (x + 1)$

$= \ln x^{2} - \ln (x + 1)$

$= \ln \frac{x^{2} }{x + 1}$

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Example Question #1 : Natural Log

Which of the following expressions is equal to the expression $\ln \left ( x^{2} + 4x + 3\right )$ ?

Possible Answers:

None of the other responses is correct.

$\ln x^{2} + \ln 4x + \ln 3$

$\ln x^{2} \cdot \ln 4x \cdot \ln 3$

$\ln (x + 1) + \ln (x + 3)$

$\ln (x + 1) \cdot \ln (x + 3)$

Correct answer:

$\ln (x + 1) + \ln (x + 3)$

Explanation:

By the reverse-FOIL method, we factor the polynomial as follows:

$x^{2} + 4x + 3 = (x + 1)(x + 3)$

Therefore, we can use the property

$\ln ab = \ln a + \ln b$

as follows:

$\ln \left ( x^{2} + 4x + 3\right ) =\ln (x + 1)(x + 3) = \ln (x + 1) + \ln (x+3)$

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Example Question #1 : Natural Log

Solve $6e^{-x}+1=3$ . Round to the nearest thousandth.

Possible Answers:

x=1.211

x=-2.001

x=-1.099

x=0.089

Correct answer:

x=-1.099

Explanation:

The original equation is:

$6e^{-x}+1=3$

Subtract from both sides:

$6e^{-x}=2$

Divde both sides by :

$e^{-x}=\frac{2}{6}=\frac{1}{3}$

Take the natural logarithm of both sides:

$-x=\ln \frac{1}{3}$

Divde both sides by and use a calculator to get:

x=-1.099

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Example Question #1 : Natural Log

What are the domain and the range of the function f(x)=ln(x) ?

Possible Answers:

Domain = all positive numbers

Range = all positive numbers

Domain = all positive real numbers

Range = all real numbers

Domain = all non-negative numbers

Range = all positive numbers

Domain = all real numbers

Range = all real numbers

Domain = all positive numbers

Range = all non-negative numbers

Correct answer:

Domain = all positive real numbers

Range = all real numbers

Explanation:

Remember that is still a logarithm of a positive number, .

It's not possible to raise to ANY power and obtain a negative number. Because even $e^{-3}$ , for example, is just $\frac{1}{e^3}$ , which is a ratio of two positive numbers, and therefore positive.

More than that, it's also not possible to obtain 0 by raising to any power. Think: "To what power can I exponentiate e and obtain 0?"

So the domain is strictly positive. It excludes negative numbers and 0.

What about the range? To what possible values are we allowed to exponentiate ?

Well, we just saw that e^x has a definition for negative numbers. e^0 = 1 (this fact is true for ALL numbers, not just ).

And we can obviously raise it to positive powers. So the range is all real numbers. It includes negative numbers, 0, and positive numbers.

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Example Question #2 : Natural Log

Solve for :

ln(x+3)=3 .

If necessary, round to the nearest tenth.

Possible Answers:

x=17.1

x=3

x=2.7

No solution

x=5.7

Correct answer:

x=17.1

Explanation:

Give both sides the same base, using e:

$e^{ln(x+3)}=e^3$ .

Because e and ln cancel each other out, x+3=e^3 .

Solve for x and round to the nearest tenth:

x=e^3-3

$x\approx17.1$

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Example Question #7 : Natural Log

Solve for x:

$\ln e^{x}+\ln e^{5}=1$

Possible Answers:

x=0

x=4

x=-4

$x=e^{4}$

$x=e^{-4}$

Correct answer:

x=-4

Explanation:

To solve for x, keep in mind that the natural logarithm and the exponential cancel each other out (property of any logarithm with a base that is being taken of that same base with an exponent attached). When they cancel, we are just left with the exponents:

x+5=1

x=-4

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Example Question #3 : Natural Log

Determine the value of: $3ln(e^{x^2-1})$

Possible Answers:

3x^2-1

$6x^2-\frac{1}{e}$

$3x^2-\frac{1}{e}$

6x-3

3x^2-3

Correct answer:

3x^2-3

Explanation:

The natural log has a base of . This means that the term will simplify to whatever is the power of . Some examples are:

ln(e^1) = 1

ln(e^2) = 2

This means that $ln(e^{x^2-1}) = (x^2-1)$

Multiply this quantity with three.

3(x^2-1) = 3x^2-3

The answer is: 3x^2-3

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Algebra II : Mathematical Relationships and Basic Graphs

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for Algebra II

All Algebra II Resources

Example Questions

Example Question #241 : Mathematical Relationships And Basic Graphs

Example Question #97 : Factorials

Example Question #1 : Logarithms

Example Question #1 : Natural Log

Example Question #1 : Natural Log

Example Question #1 : Natural Log

Example Question #1 : Natural Log

Example Question #2 : Natural Log

Example Question #7 : Natural Log

Example Question #3 : Natural Log

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