These responses show a number of different energy transfers. A bubbling cauldron would be an example of a transfer of heat energy. A professor walking the halls with a candle is an example of light energy at work. The thrown broomstick depicts kinetic energy. The lightbulb turning on is an example of a transfer of electrical energy, because electricity causes the wire in the bulb to glow.

Heat travels through convection, conduction, and radiation. While both heat energy transfers and electrical energy transfers require good conductors, in a heat energy transfer, the particles begin vibrating and bumping into one another more and more quickly, spreading heat. Electrical currents require electrons to travel through wires or a reaction between positive and negatively charged particles.

Electrons are negatively charged particles, while protons are positively charged. Electrons are the primary carriers of electricity in solid objects.

Sound waves must travel through a medium. This medium can be a solid, liquid, or gas. The sound waves move through each of these mediums by vibrating the molecules in the matter. Sound travels fastest through solids. Molecules in a solid medium are much closer together than those in a liquid or gas, allowing sound waves to move more quickly through it.

Matter is made up of particles, and energy can be transferred through these particles. Sound energy decreases the further the distance required to travel. As the sound is transferred through matter, it will sound softer and more difficult to hear if the distance between speaker and listener is increased.

All of these items are household items that use or transfer different types of energy. The only object that transfers energy as sound is an alarm clock. An alarm clock is powered with electricity and then produces a sound when set to wake someone up at a particular time. Vibrations in the air create the soundwaves it provides.

The reason Danthony heard so many different sounding voices at the concert was because of factors that affect sound waves. Wavelength is the measurement of a wave from crest to crest or from trough to trough. The longer the wavelength, the lower the frequency of a sound. Frequency describes how often the particles of a medium vibrate when sound waves pass through the medium. Frequency is measured in Hertz. Frequency determines the pitch of a sound. Pitch determines how we hear the sound. Amplitude is the height of a wave. It measures to the crest or trough of a wave. Amplitude determines how loud a sound is. The larger the amplitude is, the louder the sound will be.

When asked, "what is sound," it seems like it is a straightforward definition to explain, but there are so many layers to it that it is a complicated answer. Sound is the movement of energy by vibrations through substances in the form of waves. When a musician bangs a drum, it creates a vibration; this vibration creates sound waves that travel to our ears to be received and processed. Though the waves are invisible, they are still energy transferring information.

A conch horn is a wind instrument made from a conch shell. When the player blows into the end of the conch horn, a musical tone is created because the vibrations travel through the air. While it may not be a typical instrument, it does transfer sound energy.

Because outer space is a vacuum, there is virtually no air. Since sound is vibrating air, sound does not travel in space. Crashing asteroids, supernovas, and burning planets would be silent.