The Hundred Years' War was more a procession of separate conflicts fought between 1337 and 1453 between England and France. Most of the conflicts stemmed from the English crown's possessions in France. England wanted to maintain and expand these possessions; France sought to take them back for itself. Eventually, France won out, and England lost all of its French territory.

While it is true that Britain had large academic societies surrounding their many universities, they did not have substantially larger academic groups than any other Western European nation. For example, the nation of Prussia overall was the most educated nation on the planet at this point in history due to their compulsory school system.

The Luddites were the group of English workers known for their violent opposition to new machines that were removing jobs in their industry, so they would be the best choice. The Patricians were the ruling class of the Roman Republic, so that would not be a good choice here. The Plebeians were the citizen-commoners of the Roman Republic, so they too would not be the right answer to this question. The Amish -while opposed to technology in many ways- did not protest in England nor were they part of the textile industry there, so they would not be the best answer to this question.

Tsar Nicholas II of Russia ruled in the two decades preceding World War I. During World War I, the increasingly worsening state of the country created a revolution, resulting in his overthrow and eventual execution by the Bolsheviks.

Vladimir Lenin was the leader of the Bolsheviks that ushered in the Russian revolution and subsequently formed the USSR in 1922. Stalin led the state from 1924-1953, and Gorbachev from 1985-1991. The USSR was disbanded the day after Gorbachev left office.

The feudal state in Japan, known as the Shogunate, placed warriors and religious leaders at the top of the social order, farmers in the middle, and merchants at the bottom. Like nobles in feudal Europe, warriors (or Shoguns) maintained power by hoarding wealth and employing peasants. Later on, however, the Shogunate failed to address external pressures from Europe and America, who regularly used larger military power to bully Japan into trade deals while exporting western notions of government to Japan's people. The Shogunate quickly lost the support of workers and the ruling class alike, causing the feudal system to deteriorate beginning in the 19th century.

Mass media was used to spread Marxist and nationalist revolutions in the 20th century, both of which relied heavily on mobilization of the working class. This was made possible in part by the fact that, by 1900, more people were literate across the globe than ever before. Because of mass media phenomena like journalistic muckrakers, public outrage led to better working conditions in low-paying jobs and, in some nations, full political revolutions.

The expansion of slavery is the correct answer because during these years the northern states and southern states were heavily divided on the issue. The northern states mostly believed in not allowing slavery to expand to the territories, while the southern states believed that the territories should be allowed to decide for themselves. Though the other choices did cause some controversy they were not as politically divisive as the issue of slavery.

The Louisiana Purchase doubled the United States in size and allowed it to expand westward. Americans took advantage of the new, cheap land that was just bought by moving westward. The Mexican-American War continued the expansion of the United States into Texas and New Mexico, but it did not start the westward expansion. The Homestead Act encouraged westward expansion by giving land to Union soldiers who fought in the Civil War, but it did not begin the expansion. The Transcontinental Railroad accelerated expansion by making travel easier, but it did not begin the expansion.

Polk negotiated the Oregon territory from Great Britain, annexed Texas, and started the Mexican-American war to gain most of the modern Southwest United States