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SSAT Upper Level Math : Properties of Triangles

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Example Questions

Example Question #2 : How To Find If Right Triangles Are Congruent

Given: $\bigtriangleup ABC$ and $\bigtriangleup DEF$ with right angles $\angle B$ and $\angle E$ ; $\angle A \cong \angle D$ .

Which of the following statements alone, along with this given information, would prove that $\bigtriangleup ABC \cong \bigtriangleup DEF$ ?

I) $\overline{AB } \cong \overline{DE}$

II) $\overline{BC }\cong \overline{EF}$

III) $\overline{AC } \cong \overline{DF}$

Possible Answers:

I or III only

III only

II or III only

Any of I, II, or III

I or II only

Correct answer:

Any of I, II, or III

Explanation:

$\angle A \cong \angle D$ ; $\angle B \cong \angle E$ since both are right angles.

Given that two pairs of corresponding angles are congruent and any one side of corresponding sides is congruent, it follows that the triangles are congruent. In the case of Statement I, the included sides are congruent, so by the Angle-Side-Angle Congruence Postulate, $\bigtriangleup ABC \cong \bigtriangleup DEF$ . In the case of the other two statements, a pair of nonincluded sides are congruent, so by the Angle-Angle-Side Congruence Theorem, $\bigtriangleup ABC \cong \bigtriangleup DEF$ . Therefore, the correct choice is I, II, or III.

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Example Question #1 : How To Find If Right Triangles Are Congruent

$\bigtriangleup ABC \cong \bigtriangleup DEF$ , where $\angle B$ is a right angle, AC = 20 , and AB = BC .

Which of the following is true?

Possible Answers:

$\bigtriangleup DEF$ has perimeter 40

$DE = 20\sqrt{2}$

$m \angle F = 60^{\circ }$

None of the statements given in the other choices is true.

$\bigtriangleup DEF$ has area 100

Correct answer:

$\bigtriangleup DEF$ has area 100

Explanation:

$\bigtriangleup ABC \cong \bigtriangleup DEF$ , and corresponding parts of congruent triangles are congruent.

Since $\angle B$ is a right angle, so is $\angle E$ . DE = AB and EF= BC ; since AB = BC , it follows that DE = EF . $\bigtriangleup DEF$ is an isosceles right triangle; consequently, $m \angle A = m \angle C = 45^{\circ }$ .

$\bigtriangleup DEF$ is a 45-45-90 triangle with hypotenuse of length DF= AC = 20 . By the 45-45-90 Triangle Theorem, the length of each leg is equal to that of the hypotenuse divided by $\sqrt{2}$ ; therefore,

$DE=EF = \frac{DF}{\sqrt{2}} = \frac{20}{\sqrt{2}} =\frac{20 \cdot \sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{2}} = \frac{20 \sqrt{2}}{2} = 10 \sqrt{2}$

$DE = 20\sqrt{2}$ is eliminated as the correct choice.

Also, the perimeter of $\bigtriangleup DEF$ is

$P = DE+EF+DF = 10 \sqrt{2} + 10 \sqrt{2} + 20 = 20+ 20 \sqrt{2} \ne 40$ .

This eliminates the perimeter of $\bigtriangleup DEF$ being 40 as the correct choice.

Also, $m \angle F = 60^{\circ }$ is eliminated as the correct choice, since the triangle is 45-45-90.

The area of $\bigtriangleup DEF$ is half the product of the lengths of its legs:

$A = \frac{1}{2} \cdot DE \cdot EF$

$= \frac{1}{2} \cdot 10 \sqrt{2}\cdot 10 \sqrt{2}$

$= \frac{1}{2} \cdot 10\cdot 10 \cdot \sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{2}$

$= \frac{1}{2} \cdot 10\cdot 10 \cdot 2$

= 100

The correct choice is the statement that $\bigtriangleup DEF$ has area 100.

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Example Question #1 : How To Find An Angle In A Right Triangle

One angle of a right triangle has measure $120^{\circ }$ . Give the measures of the other two angles.

Possible Answers:

$30^{\circ }, 90^{\circ }$

$120^{\circ }, 120^{\circ }$

$30^{\circ }, 30^{\circ }$

$90^{\circ }, 120^{\circ }$

This triangle cannot exist.

Correct answer:

This triangle cannot exist.

Explanation:

A right triangle must have one right angle and two acute angles; this means that no angle of a right triangle can be obtuse. But since $120^{\circ } > 90^{\circ }$ , it is obtuse. This makes it impossible for a right triangle to have a $120^{\circ }$ angle.

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Example Question #2 : How To Find An Angle In A Right Triangle

One angle of a right triangle has measure $68^{\circ }$ . Give the measures of the other two angles.

Possible Answers:

$52^{\circ }, 60^{\circ }$

$44^{\circ },68^{\circ }$

$22^{\circ }, 90^{\circ }$

$56^{\circ },56^{\circ }$

This triangle cannot exist.

Correct answer:

$22^{\circ }, 90^{\circ }$

Explanation:

One of the angles of a right triangle is by definition a right, or $90^{\circ }$ , angle, so this is the measure of one of the missing angles. Since the measures of the angles of a triangle total $180^{\circ }$ , if we let the measure of the third angle be , then:

x + 68 + 90 = 180

x + 158 = 180

x + 158 - 158= 180 - 158

x = 22

The other two angles measure $22 ^{\circ }, 90^{\circ }$ .

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Example Question #51 : Right Triangles

Find the degree measure of in the right triangle below.

Possible Answers:

$90^{\circ}$

$47^{\circ}$

$32^{\circ}$

$43^{\circ}$

Correct answer:

$43^{\circ}$

Explanation:

The total number of degrees in a triangle is 180 .

While $47^{\circ}$ is provided as the measure of one of the angles in the diagram, you are also told that the triangle is a right triangle, meaning that it must contain a $90^{\circ}$ angle as well. To find the value of , subtract the other two degree measures from 180 .

$x=180-90-47=43^{\circ}$

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Example Question #4 : How To Find An Angle In A Right Triangle

Find the angle value of .

Possible Answers:

$47^{\circ}$

$90^{\circ}$

$43^{\circ}$

$53^{\circ}$

Correct answer:

$43^{\circ}$

Explanation:

All the angles in a triangle must add up to 180 degrees.

$90^{\circ}+47^{\circ}+v=180^{\circ}$

$137^{\circ}+v=180^{\circ}$

$137^{\circ}+v-137^{\circ}=180^{\circ}-137^{\circ}$

$v=43^{\circ}$

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Example Question #5 : How To Find An Angle In A Right Triangle

Find the angle value of .

Possible Answers:

$48^{\circ}$

$68^{\circ}$

$38^{\circ}$

$58^{\circ}$

Correct answer:

$58^{\circ}$

Explanation:

All the angles in a triangle adds up to $180^{\circ}$ .

$90^{\circ}+32^{\circ}+w=180^{\circ}$

$122^{\circ}+w=180^{\circ}$

$122^{\circ}+w-122^{\circ}=180^{\circ}-122^{\circ}$

$w=58^{\circ}$

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Example Question #6 : How To Find An Angle In A Right Triangle

Find the angle value of .

Possible Answers:

$36^{\circ}$

$66^{\circ}$

$46^{\circ}$

$56^{\circ}$

Correct answer:

$46^{\circ}$

Explanation:

All the angles in a triangle add up to 180 degrees.

$90^{\circ}+44^{\circ}+y=180^{\circ}$

$134^{\circ}+y=180^{\circ}$

$134^{\circ}+y-134^{\circ}=180^{\circ}-134^{\circ}$

$y=46^{\circ}$

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Example Question #7 : How To Find An Angle In A Right Triangle

Find the angle measure of .

Possible Answers:

$41^{\circ}$

$31^{\circ}$

$51^{\circ}$

$21^{\circ}$

Correct answer:

$31^{\circ}$

Explanation:

All the angles in a triangle add up to $180^{\circ}$ .

$90^{\circ}+59^{\circ}+z=180^{\circ}$

$149^{\circ}+z=180^{\circ}$

$149^{\circ}+z-149^{\circ}=180^{\circ}-149^{\circ}$

$z=31^{\circ}$

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Example Question #1 : Equilateral Triangles

An equilateral triangle has a perimeter of 2400 units. What is the length of each side?

Possible Answers:

400 units

600 units

800 units

300 units

Correct answer:

800 units

Explanation:

Because an equilateral triangle has three sides that are the same length, divide the given perimeter by 3 to find the length of each side.

$2400\div3=800$

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All SSAT Upper Level Math Resources

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SSAT Upper Level Math : Properties of Triangles

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for SSAT Upper Level Math

All SSAT Upper Level Math Resources

Example Questions

Example Question #2 : How To Find If Right Triangles Are Congruent

Example Question #1 : How To Find If Right Triangles Are Congruent

Example Question #1 : How To Find An Angle In A Right Triangle

Example Question #2 : How To Find An Angle In A Right Triangle

Example Question #51 : Right Triangles

Example Question #4 : How To Find An Angle In A Right Triangle

Example Question #5 : How To Find An Angle In A Right Triangle

Example Question #6 : How To Find An Angle In A Right Triangle

Example Question #7 : How To Find An Angle In A Right Triangle

Example Question #1 : Equilateral Triangles

All SSAT Upper Level Math Resources

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