All SAT Mathematics Resources
Example Questions
Example Question #1 : Extrapolating Linear Proportions
You are planning a party. The maximum number of people the reception hall can hold is person for every
square feet of space. If the hall is
feet wide and
feet long, how many people can you invite?
Total area of hall
At person per
square feet,
per person =
people
Example Question #2 : Extrapolating Linear Proportions
A cafeteria with tables can sit
people. Some tables can sit
people and some can sit
people. What is the ratio of the number of
-person tables to the number of
-person tables?
Let be the number of
-person tables, and
be the number of
-person tables. Since there are
tables in the cafeteria,
.
represents the number of people sitting at
-person tables, and
represents the number of people sitting at
-person tables. Since the cafeteria can seat
people,
. Now we have
equations and
unknowns, and can solve the system. To do this, multiply the first equation by
and subtract it from the second equation. This yields
; solving for
tells us there are
tables that seat
people. Since
,
, so there are
tables that seat
people. The ratio of
is therefore
.
Example Question #3 : Extrapolating Linear Proportions
A mile is feet. Susan is able to walk a fast pace of
miles per hour. How many feet will she walk in
minutes?
Calculate the number of feet walked in an hour. Then calculate what fraction of an hour minutes is.
feet walked in an hour
minutes in an hour, so
minutes =
hour
feet walked in
minutes
Example Question #4 : Extrapolating Linear Proportions
A bag contains marbles that are either red, blue, or green. The ratio of red to blue to green marbles is
. If one-third of the red marbles and two-thirds of the green marbles are removed, what fraction of the remaining marbles in the bag will be blue?
First, we need to figure out how many red, blue, and green marbles are in the bag before any are removed. Let represent the number of red marbles. Because the marbles are in a ratio of
, then if there are
red marbles, there are
blue, and
green marbles. If we add up all of the marbles, we will get the total number of marbles, which is
.
Because the number of red marbles is , there are
, or
red marbles. There are
, or
blue marbles, and there are
, or
green marbles.
So, the bag originally contains red,
blue, and
green marbles. We are then told that one-third of the red marbles is removed. Because one-third of
is
, there would be
red marbles remaining. Next, two-thirds of the green marbles are removed. Because
, there would be
green marbles left after
are removed.
To summarize, after the marbles are removed, there are red, 60 blue, and
green marbles. The question asks us for the fraction of blue marbles in the bag after the marbles are removed. This means there would be
blue marbles out of the
left in the bag. The fraction of blue marbles would therefore be
, which simplifies to
.
The answer is .
Example Question #5 : Extrapolating Linear Proportions
Tom wants to buy an aquarium. He has found that he needs one filter for the aquarium for every creatures or plants he puts in the tank. The fish he wants to get also requires special plants be present at
plants for every
fish. These plants need
cleaning fish for every
plants in order to flourish.
If Tom is going to buy filters, how many of the original fish he wanted will his aquarium support?
filters can support a total of
creatures/plants. The fish he wants need
plants for every
fish. The plant needs
cleaning fish per
plants. Thus for every
of the fish he wants, he needs
plants and
cleaning fish.
This gives us a total of creatures. We can complete this number
times, but then we are left with
spots open that the filters can support.
This is where the trick arises. We can actually add one more fish in. Since plant supports up to
fish
, and 2 cleaning fish support up to
plants, we can add
fish,
plant, and
cleaning fish to get a total of
creatures. If we attempt to add
fish, then we must also add the
plant, but then we don't have enough space left to add the
cleaning fish necessary to support the remaining plant.
Thus, Tom can buy at most of the fish he originally wanted to get.
Example Question #6 : Extrapolating Linear Proportions
In the reptile house at the zoo, the ratio of snakes to lizards is to
. After the zoo adds
more snakes to the exhibit, the ratio changes to
to
. How many lizards are in the reptile house?
In order to maintain a proportion, each value in the ratio must be multiplied by the same value:
Before and after the snakes arrive, the number of lizards stays constant.
Before new snakes — Snakes : Lizards =
After new snakes — Snakes : Lizards =
Before the new snakes arrive, there are snakes. After the
snakes are added, there are
snakes. Therefore,
. Solving for
gives
.
There are lizards, or
lizards.
Example Question #7 : Extrapolating Linear Proportions
A small company's workforce consists of store employees, store managers, and corporate managers in the ratio . How many employees are either corporate managers or store managers if the company has a total of
employees?
Let be the number of store employees,
the number of store managers, and
the number of corporate managers.
, so the number of store employees is
.
, so the number of store managers is
.
, so the number of corporate managers is
.
Therefore, the number of employees who are either store managers or corporate managers is .
Example Question #8 : Extrapolating Linear Proportions
The exchange rate in some prehistoric village was jagged rocks for every
smooth pebbles. Also, one shiny rock could be traded for
smooth pebbles. If Joaquin had
jagged rocks, what is the maximum number of shiny rocks he could trade for?
We can use dimensional analysis to solve this problem. We will create ratios from the conversions given.
Since Joaquin cannot trade for part of a shiny rock, the most he can get is shiny rocks.
Example Question #9 : Extrapolating Linear Proportions
In a flower bed, Joaquin plants Begonias for every
Zinnias, and
Marigolds for every
Begonias. What is the ratio of Marigolds to Zinnias planted in the flower bed?
First, we should write a fraction for each ratio given:
Next, we will multiply these fractions by each other in such a way that will leave us with a fraction that has only Z and M, since we want a ratio of these two flowers only.
So the final answer is
Example Question #10 : Extrapolating Linear Proportions
A lawn can be mowed by people in
hours. If
people take the day off and do not help mow the grass, how many hours will it take to mow the lawn?
The number of hours required to mow the lawn remains constant and can be found by taking the original workers times the
hours they worked, totaling
hours. We then split the total required hours between the
works that remain, and each of them have to work
and
hours:
.
All SAT Mathematics Resources
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