Var Der Zee was, arguably, the most famous photographer of the Renaissance. The other people listed here were either authors or musicians. Var Der Zee photographed things and people to show themes of pride, dignity, and idealism.

Taylor was a visual artist rather than a musical artist. One thing that the Harlem Renaissance had in spades was talented musicians. Many of these artists are still well known and beloved to this day. Not just in African-American culture, but in national and international circles as well.

While African-Americans wanted to differentiate their own culture from the majority white culture, they did not attempt to separate themselves. They embraced the predominantly white culture of these northern cities, but attempted to add a bit of their own culture to the culture of these cities.

October 29th, 1929 over  was lost in panicked trades that saw the stock market crash, sending the nation into an economic tailspin. 

Sit-ins at lunch counters, on buses, and other places were ways for supporters of integration to demonstrate non-violently their opposition to blacks and whites having to sit separately in restaurants, lunch counters, and buses. While Martin Luther King supported such nonviolent forms of protest, he did not specifically support affirmative action, as he was focused on securing more basic rights for the racially and socially pressed in American society.

Hughes was a very famous poet of this period. He was one of the first African-Americans to support himself as a writer. He wrote stories and poetry about the lives of the people of Harlem and New York. 

Direct Relief is when the government gives money, or something of value, directly to a citizen. While relief can be given to businesses or local governments, these require a middle-man to give relief to the person thus making the relief indirect.

This should have been a relatively simple question. Andrew Carnegie quite famously wrote in The Gospel of Wealth that the very wealthy had a moral duty to help their less fortunate brothers and sisters. Carnegie, of course, fulfilled the obligations that he prescribed for others: Carnegie remains one of the greatest philanthropists in all of American history.

The Gospel of Wealth was published in 1889. 

The TVA, or Tennessee Valley Authority, changed the face of the Appalachian region. First, it literally changed the landscape, as it constructed different dams necessary to build reservoirs for hydroelectric power that completely obliterated various landmarks, homes, and ancestral graveyards when they impounded water and flooded regions. This is the negative effect of the TVA. In addition, the TVA figuratively changed the landscape by bringing power to a region that many social scientists have compared to a third world country. This is the positive effect of the TVA.

All of these answers are correct. The so-called “fireside chats” were the first time that a president had ever reached out “directly” (via the radio) to the American people. Generally speaking, Americans heard from their President only relatively rarely, or during election season. By reaching out, FDR attempted to assuage America’s fears, and keep the populace updated on what he was doing and why.