DNA is stored in loosely wound euchromatin before mitosis. During mitosis, the DNA condenses into chromosomes, which are made of heterochromatin. It becomes more dense during prophase, and stays that way until the end of mitosis. Euchromatin is more lightly packed than heterochromatin.

Mitosis follows the following sequence: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis. Interphase refers to the time period between mitotic divisions. During interphase, most DNA is euchromatin, but some regions remain as heterochromatin to prevent unwanted transcription; thus DNA exists as both types of chromatin during interphase, but only as heterochromatin during mitosis. Matching euchromatin to telophase is the answer, as this is a false statement.

If nondisjunction occurs in Metaphase I, then one extra chromosome composed of two tetrads would go into one of the cells starting metaphase II while the other would have one less. This extra chromosome would then undergo the rest of meiosis normally, leaving an extra chromosome, composed of one tetrad in two of the daughter sperm. These are the two that are missing from the other daughter sperm. 

This is a simple memorization problem. Crossover occurs when the nucleus decondenses. The chromosomes are able to crossover during prophase I when chromosome pairs are aligned next to one another. Crossover cannot occur later in meiosis, as the chromosomes have already been separated.

Metaphase I is the best answer. Because the chromosomes are arranged as tetrads, we know that it is in meiosis I. Only in meiosis I do we separate homologous chromosome pairs, rather than sister chromatids.

Additionally, because the chromosomes are aligned in the center of the cell, metaphase is the most likely phase of meiosis. Anaphase involves the separation of chromosomes, and telophase is the terminal phase after full separation is accomplished.

Mitosis and meiosis are similar processes that yield very different results. One of the major differences is that meiosis separates homologous chromosomes prior to separating sister chromatids. This is what leads to the reduction of ploidy. Both processes involve spindle formation (the microtubule apparatus that pulls the chromosomes/chromatids apart). Recombination is a phenomenon unique to meiosis that results in increasing genetic diversity.

The key difference between sexual and asexual reproduction is recombination. If a process involves shuffling of genetic material between chromosomes (recombination), then it is sexual reproduction. Recall that crossing over, a type of genetic recombination, occurs during prophase I of meiosis. This leads to the production of daughter cells that are distinct from the parents; therefore, meiosis is a form of sexual reproduction.

In mitosis there is no genetic recombination and the daughter cells are identical to the parent cells; therefore, mitosis is a form of asexual reproduction.

Meiosis is the process by which a diploid cell divides into four haploid daughter cells. The daughter cells produced are called gametes (sperm in males and egg in females). By definition, a haploid cell contains only one set of chromosomes; therefore, the egg and sperm cells will not contain any homologous chromosomes.

Recall that mitosis is part of the cell cycle and that it is preceded by three phases: G1 phase, S phase, and G2 phase. Meiosis is immediately followed by the G2 phase. The main function of meiosis is to produce haploid gametes that can be used for sexual reproduction. Growth and repair of tissues in the human body is accomplished by mitosis, not meiosis.

The main differences between meiosis and mitosis are that, during meiosis I, there is recombination between homologous chromosomes and the separation of homologous chromosomes. During mitosis, homologous chromosomes are not separated, only the sister chromatids. Both processes involve the breakdown of the nuclear envelope, allowing DNA to enter the cytoplasm and align at the equatorial plate and both processes involve separation of sister chromatids.

Only meiosis involves separation of homologous chromosomes. Since the question asks for an event exclusive to mitosis, none of these answers are suitable.

Meiosis contains two different cellular divisions: meiosis I and meiosis II. Meiosis I produces two haploid daughter cells with chromosomes composed of two sister chromatids, whereas meiosis II produces four haploid daughter cells with singular sister chromatids (single-chromatid chromosomes). Mitosis only has one cellular division and produces two diploid daughter cells.

Statement I is false because meiosis I and mitosis produce the same number of daughter cells. Both divisions result in two daughter cells. Meiosis II divisions will result in four daughter cells.

Crossing over is a type of genetic recombination that exclusively occurs during prophase I of meiosis; therefore, statement II is true. This occurs because crossing over requires the formation of tetrads of homologous chromosomes.

The daughter cells of mitosis contain one sister chromatid from each homologous chromosome and the daughter cells of meiosis I contain one homologous chromosome from each pair. Although their types of chromosomes are different, both daughter cells from each division contain the same amount of DNA. The only difference is that the daughter cells of mitosis contain DNA in the form of sister chromatids, whereas daughter cells of meiosis I contain DNA in the form of the homologous chromosome. Statement III is true. The best answer is II and III. Remember that sister chromatids and homologous chromosomes code for the same genes, but contain different alleles.

There are four main phases in mitosis: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Prophase involves nuclear membrane breakdown, formation of mitotic spindle, and disappearance of nucleolus. Recall that nucleolus is the site of ribosome synthesis; therefore, cell A is in prophase. The question states that the nuclear contents are spilling out in Cell B. Nuclear membrane holds the contents of nucleus in place. During prophase, this nuclear membrane breaks down, causing the contents of the nucleus (like chromosomes) to spill out into the cytoplasm.

Metaphase involves the alignment of the chromosomes (with sister chromatids) along the equatorial line of the cell. In anaphase, the aligned chromosomes are pulled towards the opposite ends of the cell, causing the sister chromatids to separate. Finally, in telophase two distinct cell start appearing with chromosomes that have no sister chromatids; therefore, cell C must be in telophase.

Mitosis is immediately followed by cytokinesis, during which the cytoplasm is divided equally between the two daughter cells.