All LSAT Logical Reasoning Resources
Example Questions
Example Question #3 : Determining Which Answer Most Accurately Expresses The Main Idea Of The Argument
The growth of coffee shops raises interesting questions about the desire to spend time with other people. Coffee shops are wildly popular but it is not clear why. Sure, people love coffee, but they don't need to sit in a coffee shop to drink it. Further, while coffee shops try to create pleasant study environments, it seems unlikely that people sit for hours for the music over the speakers and the pictures on the walls. Besides, as coffee shops have become more popular, public and school libraries have become less popular. Is it possible that the real coffee shop appeal is the opportunity to be around other people?
Which of the following most accurately states the primary point of the passage?
The atmosphere of coffee shops should be more appealing than that of libraries
Customers are drawn to coffee shops even though they are filled with other people and do not have uniquely appealing atmospheres
Coffee shops are more popular than they once were despite the fact that they appear to have little to offer customers
It is unclear why coffee shops are so popular because they do not seem to have any unique advantages
It is unclear why coffee shops are popular, but the answer could be that they provide a way for customers to be around other people
It is unclear why coffee shops are popular, but the answer could be that they provide a way for customers to be around other people
The first and last sentences of the passage raise the issue of whether people attend coffee shops to be around other people. Instead of stating a firm conclusion, the purpose of the passage is to raise that possible explanation by ruling out others.
Example Question #5 : Determining Which Answer Most Accurately Expresses The Main Idea Of The Argument
The school needs to find new ways to improve its test scores. Although the school used to have a large amount of highly-qualified teachers, many of them have left to pursue other careers. Their departure has harmed the quality of instruction students receive. The school is unlikely to attract talented teachers in the near future.
Which one of the following most accurately presents the main conclusion of the passage?
The school needs to attract new highly-qualified teachers.
The school’s test scores are suffering.
The departure of highly-qualified teachers has harmed the instruction the students receive.
The school needs to find new ways to improve its test scores.
The school is unlikely to attract talented teachers in the near future.
The school needs to find new ways to improve its test scores.
The first sentence is the conclusion. The rest of the stimulus is mearly support for that initial conclusion.
Example Question #4 : Determining Which Answer Most Accurately Expresses The Main Idea Of The Argument
While factory unions provide accountability for employers and job security for employees, they also present some hazards. First, unions always increase costs of production by adding bureaucracy. Second, unions sometimes serve the elitist purpose of providing high pay and benefits for union members while non-members fail to find any employment.
Which of the following is the most logical conclusion to the passage?
Unions provide valuable services, but sometimes increase costs of production and always serve elitist purposes.
Unions sometimes cause the hazards of elitism and increased costs of production.
Unions serve a valuable role, but also increase costs of production and sometimes increase elitism.
Unions serve a valuable role, but sometimes increase costs of production and increase elitism.
Unions provide critically important services to factory employees.
Unions serve a valuable role, but also increase costs of production and sometimes increase elitism.
There are two keys to this question. First, the passage does not reach a firm, positive or negative conclusion about unions, instead suggesting that there are considerations on both sides. Second, the passage discusses two negative traits, but specifies that the first "always" occurs and the second "sometimes" occurs.
Example Question #4 : Main Point / Main Conclusion
The Salem witch trials are often cited as an example of mob mentality. There are many lessons to learn from the events, but fear of mob mentality is not one of them. First, the entire process took place over an extended period of time. Second, the leaders and participants carefully considered actions before they were taken. In contrast, mob mentality generally describes actions that are not carefully considered and that end quickly.
Which of the following most accurately describes the main point of the passage?
The Salem witch trials are not an example of mob mentality
The Salem witch trials demonstrate that even carefully considered actions can lead to tragic results
There are many important lessons to be learned from the Salem witch trials
Mob mentality describes actions that are not carefully considered and that end quickly
The Salem witch trials are an example of mob mentality
The Salem witch trials are not an example of mob mentality
The emphasis of the passage is on describing differences between the Salem witch trials and mob mentality. That is the purpose of the passage. The other assertions in the argument are intended to support the claim that the Salem witch trials are not an example of mob mentality.
Example Question #5 : Determining Which Answer Most Accurately Expresses The Main Idea Of The Argument
The political writer criticized the use of the term, "global warming," as he believes it can confuse the general public as to the reality of the climate change that the world is experiencing. The trends that we are seeing in climate change are not limited to increased temperatures in some areas, but also significantly decreased temperatures in others. The issue isn't the general "warming" of the globe, but its simultaneous warming and cooling. Based on these facts, the writer prefers the term "global weirding" to "global warming."
Which of the following most accurately describes the main point of the argument?
Global warming is misunderstood by most people.
Trends in climate change are only now beginning to come to light.
Terminology with inappropriate connotations can confuse the general public's understanding of important issues.
Global cooling is just as severe of a problem as global warming.
It is important to be precise in our use of language.
Terminology with inappropriate connotations can confuse the general public's understanding of important issues.
The correct answer is:
Terminology with inappropriate connotations can confuse the general public's understanding of important issues.
The writer believes that "global warming" is an inappropriate term because it makes people overlook the fact that global cooling is also a serious problem. The main point of the text is to communicate the problems that can arise when terminology with improper connotations is used in practice.
Example Question #11 : Main Point / Main Conclusion
Sociologist: The results of recent studies show that population growth has actually slowed in Asia and Africa in the last five years, while it has accelerated in parts of North America and Europe. But we should not put too much stock in this trend, for growth rates are cyclical, and are thus likely to equalize within another ten years.
Which one of the following most accurately expresses the main conclusion of the sociologist's argument?
If ten years passes and growth rates have not equalized, it can be safely deduced that the current population growth trends are likely to continue.
North America and Europe will soon overtake Asia in overall population if trends demonstrated by recent growth studies are allowed to continue.
Population growth rates are cyclical, and are likely to equalize given a sufficient amount of time.
Population growth has, in fact, been slowing in various parts of the world.
It would be unwise to make broad generalizations about population growth based solely on the results of recent studies.
It would be unwise to make broad generalizations about population growth based solely on the results of recent studies.
The correct answer is the only answer choice that restates the sociologist’s main conclusion, which is that “we should not put too much stock in this trend” – that is, the trend exemplified in the results of recent studies.
Example Question #12 : Main Point / Main Conclusion
In driving from work to the supermarket, a man’s path of travel is publicly exposed to pedestrians and other drivers. Each trip that he makes is in public view. However, a single trip does not lend much insight into a person’s life. As a puzzle piece only reveals a small portion of the greater scheme, a single trip to the mall or a friend’s house reveals only a small amount about a person. However, by affixing a GPS tracking device to the undercarriage of a man’s car, it is possible to determine not only the locations he travels to over an extended period of time, but also the time of day and frequency that he visits them. Repeated visits to a female coworker’s home suggest one thing, while frequent stops at a liquor store reveal another. GPS technology can uncover the individual puzzle pieces of a person’s weekly routine, and expose intimate details once those pieces are fit together.
Which one of the following most accurately expresses the main conclusion of the excerpt?
Technology is developing at such a rapid pace that it is infringing on the privacy of the public at large.
The process of gathering data can reveal patterns that lend insight into a person’s life that could not have been realized by the observance of a single action.
The whole is often greater than the sum of its parts; by looking at the big picture instead of focusing on small pieces of information, we can often get a more accurate sense of the reality that we face.
GPS devices are powerful tools that are easily concealed, as they gather incredible amounts of information and can be affixed to the undercarriage of a car without detection.
GPS technology can reveal when a man might be cheating on his wife, or when a person might be suffering from an alcohol problem.
The process of gathering data can reveal patterns that lend insight into a person’s life that could not have been realized by the observance of a single action.
Often times, the correct answer can be found using a process of elimination. The following answer choices are incorrect for the following reasons:
The passage does not say that technology is developing at a rapid pace, so this answer choice is incorrect.
Although two of the answer choices reveal what GPS is capable of, they do not capture the main conclusion of the passage. These answer choices are too narrow.
Finally, "The whole is often greater than the sum of its parts . . ." is too broad and does not relate enough to the content of the text.
The only option choice left is the correct answer, which draws a conclusion that is neither too narrow, nor too broad.
Example Question #13 : Main Point / Main Conclusion
Over the past four years, Ecuador has received on average more than twenty million dollars of assistance from USAID, the U.S. Agency for International Development. However, USAID has the discretion to decrease aid to Ecuador if the human trafficking conditions there remain the same or worsen. The U.S. Department of State monitors conditions of human trafficking in countries around the world by compiling the Trafficking in Persons Report each year. Unfortunately, the conditions of human trafficking in Ecuador have worsened in recent years. As a result ___
Which one of the following most logically completes the argument?
USAID may criticize Ecuador, but not remove the funding.
Ecuador should increase its efforts to combat human trafficking.
USAID has the discretion to decrease funding.
The United States may consider cutting diplomatic ties with Ecuador.
Ecuador may experience even more increased rates of human trafficking.
USAID has the discretion to decrease funding.
This is the most logical answer. USAID has the discretion to remove funding if Ecuador's human trafficking conditions worsen. Ecuador's human trafficking conditions did in fact worsen.
Therefore, it is logical that USAID would have discretion to remove funding from Ecuador.
Example Question #12 : Main Point / Main Conclusion
Writer: There's often no way a good author can estimate how many pages he or she will write per day. I say this because some people think that once a writer reaches a certain level of proficiency, it's easy to crank out a consistent output. That is simply not true. The creative mind is a fickle thing. One day's inspiration is often followed by weeks of stagnation. A page-driven quota does not help matters. In fact, the quality of the overall work is likely to suffer as a result of such quotas.
Which of the following most accurately expresses the main conclusion of the writer’s argument?
Most written works produced as the result of page-driven quotas are lower in quality than those produced without such quotas.
It is incorrect to believe that a writer, even a proficient one, can easily produce a consistent output.
Estimating the number of pages he or she will write per day is impossible for even the best writers.
A writer's creative mind is a fickle thing.
Inspiration, when it comes to writing, is not the result of writing a set number of pages per day.
It is incorrect to believe that a writer, even a proficient one, can easily produce a consistent output.
The main conclusion of the argument is a refutation of what "some people think" -- i.e. that it's easy for proficient writers to crank out a consistent output. The other answer choices either restate premises rather than the conclusion, are unsupported by the argument, or go beyond the argument's scope.
Example Question #101 : Lsat Logical Reasoning
Smoking cigarettes continues to be a common practice despite countless studies demonstrating that the habit causes deadly diseases. The government has attempted to reduce the number of smokers with advertising campaigns that explain the consequences of smoking, but the campaigns have been ineffective because the habit continues to be as prevalent as it was previous to the campaigns. The government should try one or more of the many alternatives to advertising. For instance, the government could raise the tax on cigarettes to the extent that smoking is prohibitively expensive.
Which of the following most accurately expresses the main point of the passage?
The government should take a new approach to reduce the number of people who smoke cigarettes
Smoking cigarettes can cause deadly diseases.
The government should increase taxes on cigarettes so that they are prohibitively expensive
Smoking cigarettes continues to be a common habit despite government initiatives to reduce the number of smokers
Advertising campaigns cannot reduce the number of people who smoke cigarettes
The government should take a new approach to reduce the number of people who smoke cigarettes
The primary point of the passage is that the government should take a new approach to reducing the number of smokers. The passage mentions the prevalence of smoking, failure of advertising campaigns, and harms caused by smoking to support that conclusion. The passage mentions raising taxes merely as an example of one possible approach.