That the Emancipation Proclamation resulted in energy tells us that the word should involve inspiring someone. "Galvanize" means stimulate or stir to action. That the British were considering doing something on the Confederate's behalf tells us that the second word should involve doing something for someone else. "Intercede" means intervene on behalf of someone else. So, the correct answer is "galvanized . . . interceding." 

We can infer from the sentence's context that we need to pick out a word for the first blank that means something like "made" or "encouraged" since we know that Harriet's apprehension likely made her do something. Either "convinced" ("persuaded someone to do something") or "compelled" ("forced or obliged someone to do something") could be correct. For the second blank, we need to pick out a word that means something like "not participate in" or "stop," given that Harriet saw other kids getting hurt in the snowball fight and that she was apprehensive about it. Potentially correct answer choices include "avoid," "stop," and "forgo" ("refrain from"). Of the possible words that we've identified as potentially correct for each blank, only "compelled" and "forgo" appear in the same answer choice, so the correct answer is "compelled . . . forgo."

The word “arbitrator” means a person who mediates between two parties to settle a dispute. So, the arbitrator would hope to reconcile the disputing parties. We can eliminate "castigate . . . exterminate" because "castigate" means criticize or reprimand severely. The second blank requires a word that means take away; therefore, "reconcile . . . eliminate" is the right answer.

In an old usage, “meet” meant “to be proper or just.” When one “metes” a sentence, he or she issues a judgment. The sentence implies that the judge does not like giving (meting) out such sentences because it is difficult see and interpret all of the details in the midst of life’s ambiguities. To attempt to see and discern such details in an exact manner would be to “ascertain” them. The word is derived from the Latin word for “sure or settled” and is related to English words for “surety” such as “certificate” and “certitude.”

For the first blank, we need to pick out a word that means something like get or buy. Either "obtain" (acquire) or "afford" (have enough money to be able to buy) could be correct. For the second blank, we need to pick out a verb that means something like last or be used. Either "serve" (be adequate) or "suffice" (be enough) could be potentially correct. Of the possible words that we've identified as potentially correct for each blank, only "obtain" and "suffice" appear in the same answer choice, so the correct answer is "obtain . . . suffice."

Logically it makes sense that the Nazi government would want to increase the power of the German nation. To this end they captured or "annexed" foreign territory. To "annex" means to take territory for yourself. The second answer choice should reflect the reasons why the Germans wanted to "annex" foreign territory - to improve the German nation. The correct answer is therefore "aggrandize" which means to increase the power or status of something. To provide further help, "incorporate" means add on to, make a part of; "assimilate" means become a part of, settle in to a new social group; "incarcerate" means imprison; "demoralize" means weaken the morale of; "glean" means gather details; "obfuscated" means confused; "enervate" means weaken; bowdlerized" means censored. 

Since Jared believed he was almost superhuman or invincible, his landing on the hard ground brought him back to reality much to his dismay or distress.

The key to this sentence is the transition indicating that even though she faced obstacles in her life, she remained optimistic and upbeat.

The key expression is “refined and soothing,” which gives the sense to the opposition that must be captured in the first term. In contrast with being soothing, the young band was “cacophonous,” a word literally meaning (from the Greek) “bad sounding.” In English, it often implies harshness of sound as well.  The word “symphony” means “sounding together” (as in playing together in an agreeable manner), and the word “euphony” means “good sounding.” The second word in the sentence merely needs to capture the sense of “band,” “group,” or “ensemble.”

Both of the blanks in this sentence have similar oppositions to the expressions used in their respective clauses. The first blank is opposed to “complex” and the second to “the larger question.”   For the first, the best word is “aspect” which means “a particular (i.e. partial) view on something.” It literally means “to look at,” the “-spects” portion of the word being related to English words like “spectator” and “spectacles.” The second blank builds on this consideration of aspects, for such particular considerations are called “partial”—a word clearly meaning “concerned with a part.”