Things that are "redundant" are characterized by unnecessary repetition, so "repetitive" is the answer choice closest in meaning to "redundant" and the correct answer. 

The word "replete" means abundant or full. The best choice is "full" because it is a part of the definition of "replete." 

The word "prolific" means incredibly productive or existing in large quantities. The best choice is "copious" because "copious" also means existing in large quantities. Considering the other choices, "scripted" means planned, "small" means not great in size, and "broken" means reduced to fragments or not able to function as normal.

Something that is “superfluous” is redundant or not needed. To provide further help, “significant” means important; an “impediment” is an obstacle; “loose” means movable, not tight; a “description” is an account or an explanation of something.

“Egregious” means dreadful, terrible, or "appalling." As for the other answer choices, “desirable” means desired or wanted; “lofty” means proud, tall, or high-minded; "considerable" means notable or significant; and "limber" means nimble and flexible.

“Scarce” means hard to find due to being available in small quantities or amounts, so "rare" is the best answer choice. “Fertile” means able to produce life; “wistful” means sadly nostalgic or sadly longing; “disingenuous” means insincere or dishonest; and “abysmal” means absolutely terrible in quality.

The word "akin" is related to "kin", meaning "relative" or "relation" more generally. A person's "kin" are his or her relatives. To be "akin" to something is to be related to it, thus to be alike to it.  This does not mean that the things are equivalent. Likewise, the options "parental" and "begotten" try to trick you into thinking that "akin" must be directly related to blood relations. Therefore, the best option given here is "analogous", which means alike in some respects but not others. Analogies express this kind of relationship.  For example, "Just as a lightbulb illuminates a house, so too does a brilliant person illuminate the minds of his or her friends." The two senses of "illumination" spoken of here are different, though not totally so. They are analogous, or akin.

The word "abundant" is related to the word "abound," which means to be full or to have a great deal of (something). When someone has, for example, "abundant financial resources," he or she has a lot of money. Because of this meaning, you might think that "wealthy" is correct; however, abundance (and being "abundant") has to deal with having a lot of anything whatsoever. Hence, the best synonym offered here is "plentiful," which is clearly related to the word "plenty" meaning existing in a large quantity.

When we prolong something, we stretch it out. A "prolonged argument" is one that is extended over a long period of time. In one way, you can think of the word like "pro-long." Something that is stretched is made to be long, but this might lead you to pick an answer like "distant" as well. Distant things are, after all, a "long way off." In any case, the essence of "prolonging" something is extending that thing over a larger or longer space—whether it be a longer physical space or perhaps a longer "space of time."

We use many meanings for words like "powerful" and "strong." Here, the best option is "potent," which means powerful as well. It comes from Latin roots that mean able to do something or even, having the power to do something. The words "potential," "possible," and "potency" also all come from the same root. Do not be tempted by many of the other options, which try to get you to think of "strong" in the physical sense. None of these options are actually synonyms for "strong," even though they might deal with things related to physical strength and wellness.