ISEE Middle Level Quantitative : Ratio and Proportion

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for ISEE Middle Level Quantitative

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Example Questions

Example Question #11 : Ratio And Proportion

. Which of the following must be equivalent to the ratio ?

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

Possible Answers:

(b) only

(b) and (c) only

(a) only

(c) only

Correct answer:

(a) only

Explanation:

Two ratios are equivalent if and only if their cross products are equal. Set  equal to each choice in turn and find their cross products:

(a) 

The cross products are equal, so regardless of the value of , the ratios are equivalent.

 

(b) 

The cross products are equal if and only if , so the ratios are not equivalent.

 

 

(c) 

The cross products are equal if and only if , so the ratios are not equivalent.

 

The correct response is (a) only.

Example Question #12 : Ratio And Proportion

In a bowl of  pieces of fruit,  are apples. The rest are kiwis. If the number of apples is doubled, what is the ratio of kiwis to the total number of fruit in the newly enlarged quantity of fruit in the bowl.

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

We know that  of the total  pieces of fruit are apples. This means that there are:

 apples.

Thus far, we know that we must have:

 apples

and

 kiwis

Now, if we double the apples, we will have:

 apples

and

 kiwis

This means that the proportion of kiwis to total fruit will be:

 or , which can be reduced to 

Example Question #861 : Isee Middle Level (Grades 7 8) Quantitative Reasoning

The distance between Carson and Miller is 260 miles and is represented by four inches on a map. The distance between Carson and Davis is 104 miles.

Which is the greater quantity?

(a) The distance between Carson and Davis on the map

(b) 

Possible Answers:

It is impossible to tell from the information given

(a) is greater

(a) and (b) are equal

(b) is greater

Correct answer:

(a) is greater

Explanation:

Let  be the map distance between Carson and Davis. A proportion statement can be set up relating map inches to real miles:

Solve for :

Carson and Davis are  inches apart on the map;  

Example Question #1 : How To Find A Proportion

The distance between Vandalia and Clark is 250 miles and is represented by six inches on a map. The distance between Vandalia and Ferrell is represented by three and three-fifths inches on a map.

Which is the greater quantity?

(a) The actual distance between Vandalia and Ferrell

(b) 150 miles

Possible Answers:

(a) and (b) are equal

It is impossible to tell from the information given

(b) is greater

(a) is greater

Correct answer:

(a) and (b) are equal

Explanation:

Let  be the real distance between Vandalia and Ferrell. A proportion statement can be set up relating real miles to map inches:

Solve for :

The actual distance between Vandalia and Ferrell is 150 miles.

Example Question #1 : How To Find A Proportion

Jay has a shelf of books, of which 60% are hardback. The rest are paperback. If 12 are hardback, how many paperbacks are there?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

There are a couple different ways to solve this problem. One way is to set up an equation from the given equation. Essentially, you have to find the total number of books before you can find how many paperbacks. An equation for that could be In other works, 12 is 60% of what total amount? (Remember, in equations, we convert percentages to decimals.) Then, you would solve for x to get 20 total books. Once you know the total, you can subtract the number of hardbacks from that to get 8 paperbacks. Another way to solve this equation is to set up a proportion. That would be . Then, we could cross multiply to get Solving for x would again give you 20 and you would repeat the steps from above to get 8.

Example Question #1 : How To Find A Proportion

A given recipe calls for  cups of butter for every  cup of flower and  cups of sugar. If you wish to triple the recipe, how many total cups of ingredients will you need?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

This is an easy case of proportions. To triple the recipe, you merely need to triple each of its component parts; therefore, you will have:

 cups of butter for every  cup of flower and  cups of sugar

Summing these up, you get:

 total cups.

Example Question #1 : How To Find A Proportion

A witch's brew contains  newt eyes for every  lizard tongues. If Aurelia the witch used  newt eyes in her recipe, how many lizard tongues did she need to use?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

To solve this, you need to set up a proportion:

Multiply both sides by :

Simplifying, this gives you:

 or  lizard tongues.

 

Example Question #1 : How To Find A Proportion

Isidore could buy  equally-sized blocks of cheese for . How many could he buy for ?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

For this problem, set up a proportion:

, where  represents the number of cheese blocks that Isidore can buy.

To solve this, multiply both sides by :

Example Question #7 : How To Find A Proportion

Assorted 2

Refer to the above diagram. How many squares should be shaded in if it is desired that the fraction of the squares that are shaded in should be equivalent to the fraction of the circles that are shaded in?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

There are four circles, three of which are shaded; there are eight squares. If we let  be the number of squares to be shaded, then 

Example Question #2 : How To Find A Proportion

Which is the greater quantity?

(a) 

(b) 

 

Possible Answers:

(a) and (b) are equal

(b) is the greater quantity

It is impossible to determine which quantity is the greater from the information given

(a) is the greater quantity

Correct answer:

(a) is the greater quantity

Explanation:

From a property of proportions, if , it follows that . Setting ,

 .

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