The general idea of this sentence is that one and the same event can be "viewed" in different ways by different people. This does not merely mean that they physically see it in different manners. More importantly, it means that they interpret its meaning in different manners. Thus, it can have many different "interpretations."

Since the book was so long, it seems that Henry needed to get its general idea before trying to understand its complex and lengthy storyline. He could do this by reading a short version of it that would help him to understand the overall point of the book.  Now, a pamphlet is a small booklet, but that is not really "a short version." Instead, a "summary" is a short presentation of something that is much lengthier. It "sums up" the longer story. 

This sentence is saying that you should "look into" such matters when you don't know them. In particular, it is saying that you should ask about them. When you make an "inquiry," you do just this. A "query" is a question or a questioning.  An "inquiry" makes a query (asks a question) about some topic. It means that you "query into" the matter. This is the best option among those given, as it expresses the idea of "asking into" the matter.

In the second sentence, it is stated that Katherine did not even form ideas about things in the news. That means that she must not have had even an opinion about these things. Do not choose "joys" or even "interests." The most important thing indicated by the clues is that Katherine avoided thinking about them. This most directly means that she must not have had an opinion on these matters. Since this is one of the options, it should be chosen, as it is the best among those presented.

The sentence is stating that a cake can lure someone into eating just because it is sitting in a visible location. This means that it is tempting. When something is a temptation, it creates a situation that encourages us to do something. Therefore, the smell of a pie could be a temptation to steal the pie. Likewise, the simple fact that a TV is on can be a temptation to sit and watch for hours. 

Be careful! These people are not forming a business partnership, nor are they legislating a law—at least from what we can tell looking at the details. They are, however, making an agreement. A contract is the kind of agreement that two (or more) people make, explicitly stating the terms of their relationship regarding a particular matter. Here, the two people are agreeing on how they will trade coconuts and pecans.

This sentence hints that Laura knew that a red face was a sign of Ronald's anger. When something is an indication, it is a sign of something. For example, you could say, "The smell of smoke is an indication that something is burning," or, "Laughter is often an indication of joy."

For this sentence, you are simply looking for a synonym for "mistake." The word "error" is a very good synonym and is sufficient for answering this correctly.

All that we know is that the tortoise is going to a less suitable location for living. This implies that it had been living in a place that was more natural to it. The "habitat" is the natural place for something to live. This is the best synonym, as it is neither too specific (like "pond" or "lake") nor too artificial (like "zoo" or "preserve").

A "tragedy" is something that causes sorrow and sadness. We say that an event is "tragic" when it is the unfortunate cause of bad (and saddening) consequences. This is the idea that is being expressed in this question. The noun "tragedy" is the best choice.