Human Anatomy and Physiology : Excretory and Digestive Physiology
Study concepts, example questions & explanations for Human Anatomy and Physiology
All Human Anatomy and Physiology Resources
Example Questions
Example Question #10 : Help With Digestive Enzymes And Hormones
Correctly identify the changes in the levels of the following hormones and molecules in the body just after a person has eaten.
Insulin decreases, glycogen increases, glucagon increases, and the liver releases less glucose.
Insulin increases, glycogen decreases, glucagon decreases, and the liver releases more glucose.
Insulin decreases, glycogen decreases, glucagon decreases, and the liver releases more glucose.
Insulin increases, glycogen increases, glucagon decreases, and the liver releases more glucose.
Insulin increases, glycogen increases, glucagon decreases, and the liver releases less glucose.
Insulin increases, glycogen increases, glucagon decreases, and the liver releases less glucose.
Just after eating, the body is busily converting carbon-based life forms to glucose. If the body is about to have an influx of glucose, the the body must produce more insulin to allow for the passage of glucose into its cells. Glycogen, the stored form of glucose, would naturally increase since the person just replenished lost glucose or energy with food and will store it for later use. Glucagon would decrease because this breaks down glycogen. If the body is receiving fresh glucose, it doesn't need to break down its stores of glycogen into glucose. And finally, if the body is breaking down food into glucose, the liver doesn't need to release more freshly broken down (glucose that was previously stored as glycogen) glucose.
Example Question #41 : Digestive Physiology
Which of the following enzymes is produced by the salivary glands?
Amylase
Lipase
Pepsin
Lactase
Amylase
Salivary amylase is produced by the salivary glands and functions to hydrolyze starch to maltose. Pepsin is produced by the stomach to hydrolyze peptide bonds. Lipase is produced by the pancreas to hydrolyze lipids. Lactase is produced in intestinal glands to hydrolyze lactose to glucose and galactose.
Example Question #71 : Excretory And Digestive Physiology
A resection of the ileum (third portion of the small intestine) would likely result in which of the following conditions?
Peptic ulcer disease
Vitamin B12 deficiency
Type I diabetes
Iron deficiency
Type II diabetes
Vitamin B12 deficiency
Vitamin B12 absorption requires intrinsic factor (IF), which is a protein secreted by the parietal cells of the stomach. When vitamin B12 binds to IF, it is able to be absorbed by the body in the terminal ileum. Therefore, removal of the ileum would likely result in a vitamin B12 deficiency, since the body cannot absorb the B12-IF complex.
Example Question #72 : Excretory And Digestive Physiology
Which portion of the digestive system has the lowest pH?
Mouth
Stomach
Small intestine
Esophagus
Large intestine
Stomach
The stomach has the lowest pH, roughly around 2.0 A low pH indicates a high acidic content. The stomach is the most acidic environment in the digestive system as it is the home to parietal cells. Parietal cells secrete hydrochloric acid 
Example Question #71 : Excretory And Digestive Physiology
Pepsinogen is activated by which of the following?
Increase in 
Increase in 
Decrease in
Decrease in 
None of the other answers
Increase in
Pepsinogen is the inactivated form of pepsin. Pepsinogen gets activated by an increase in 
Example Question #11 : Help With Digestive Enzymes And Hormones
Why is pepsin produced in the stomach as an inactive form?
to prevent tissue from being digested
proteins can only be digested by the inactive form
the active form of pepsin can also digest carbohydrate
it takes more energy to make the active form
to prevent tissue from being digested
The tissues in the stomach are also made up of primarily protein. If it was produced in the stomach as its active form, then pepsin could also digest the stomach as well.
All Human Anatomy and Physiology Resources
