All Human Anatomy and Physiology Resources
Example Questions
Example Question #91 : Gross Anatomy
Which of these are false regarding the rectus abdominis?
The rectus abdominis can contract in concert with the external abdominal obliques, internal abdominal obliques, and the transverse abdominis to compress the abdominal contents, helping with expiration and expulsion of abdominal contents.
The rectus abdominis receives the majority of its arterial supply from the posterior intercostal and subcostal arteries.
The rectus abdominis is encased in the rectus sheath, or abdominal aponeurosis.
Three fibrous bands known as tendinous inscriptions transect the rectus abdominis muscles and divide each of them into four sections.
The rectus abdominis is superficial in the anteromedial abdomen.
The rectus abdominis receives the majority of its arterial supply from the posterior intercostal and subcostal arteries.
The rectus abdominis receives the majority of its arterial supply from the superior and inferior epigastric arteries.
Example Question #92 : Gross Anatomy
Which of the following statements about the auricular group of muscles is false?
There are four auricularis muscles: the auricular anterior, the auricular superior, the auricular inferior, and the auricular posterior.
The auricularis posterior attaches from the temporal bone to the posterior ear.
The auricularis superior elevates the ear.
The auricularis group is supplied by the superficial temporal and posterior auricular arteries.
The auricularis anterior attaches from the galea aponeurotica to the anterior ear.
There are four auricularis muscles: the auricular anterior, the auricular superior, the auricular inferior, and the auricular posterior.
There are three auricularis muscles: the auricular anterior, the auricular superior, and the auricular posterior.
Example Question #93 : Gross Anatomy
Which of the following is not a function of the rectus abdominis?
depression of the rib cage
compression of the abdominopelvic cavity
Ipsilateral rotation of the trunk at the spinal joints
flexion of the trunk at the spinal joints
lateral flexion of the trunk at the spinal joints
Ipsilateral rotation of the trunk at the spinal joints
Ipsilateral rotation of the trunk at the spinal joints is an action of the internal abdominal obliques, not the rectus abdominis.
Example Question #94 : Gross Anatomy
Which of the following statements about the anterior triangle of the human neck is correct?
The superior border of the anterior triangle of the neck is the posterior belly of the digastric muscle.
The inferior border of the anterior triangle of the neck is the inferior border of the mandible.
The lateral border of the anterior triangle of the neck is the medial border of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle.
None of the other statements are correct.
The lateral border of the anterior triangle of the neck is the midline of the body (in the sagittal plane).
The lateral border of the anterior triangle of the neck is the medial border of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle.
The anatomical boundaries of the anterior triangle of the neck are:
Superior: Inferior border of the mandible
Medial: Midline of the body (in the sagittal plane)
Lateral: Medial border of the sternoclediomastoid (SCM) muscle
Thus, the only correct statement in the answer choices provided is that the lateral border of the anterior triangle of the neck is the medial border of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle.
The choice, "The superior border of the anterior triangle of the neck is the posterior belly of the digastric muscle," is incorrect because it describes the superior border of the carotid triangle, not the anterior triangle of the neck.
Example Question #95 : Gross Anatomy
Which of the following statements about the posterior triangle of the neck is true?
The superior boundary of the posterior triangle of the neck is the middle third of the clavicle bone.
None of the other statements are correct.
The anterior boundary of the posterior triangle of the neck is the pinna of the ear.
The posterior boundary of the posterior triangle of the neck is the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle.
The posterior boundary of the posterior triangle of the neck is the anterior border of the trapezius muscle.
The posterior boundary of the posterior triangle of the neck is the anterior border of the trapezius muscle.
The only true statement provided about the boundaries of the posterior triangle of the neck is "The posterior boundary of the posterior triangle of the neck is the anterior border of the trapezius muscle."
The boundaries of the posterior triangle of the neck are as follows:
Anterior: Posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle
Posterior: Anterior border of the trapezius muscle
Inferior: Middle one third of the clavicle bone
The incorrect statements are variations upon the correct anatomy of the posterior triangle of the neck. The pinna of the ear, while superior to the posterior triangle of the neck, is neither a superior boundary nor an anterior boundary of the posterior triangle.
Example Question #96 : Gross Anatomy
Which of the following statements about the carotid triangle is not correct?
The inferior border of the carotid triangle is the superior belly of the omohyoid muscle.
The lateral border of the carotid triangle is the medial border of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle.
The superior border of the carotid triangle is the posterior belly of the disgastric muscle.
The subclavian vein is contained within the carotid triangle.
The internal jugular vein is present in the carotid triangle.
The subclavian vein is contained within the carotid triangle.
The only statement among the choices provided that is false is: "The subclavian vein is contained within the carotid triangle." This statement is false because the subclavian vein in its entirety runs inferiorly to the boundaries of the carotid triangle.
The boundaries of the carotid triangle are as follows:
Superior: Posterior belly of the digastric muscle
Inferior: Superior belly of the omohyoid muscle
Lateral: Medial border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle
Each of the boundaries were stated correctly within the given answer choices. In addition, the internal jugular vein, is correctly stated as being present in the carotid triangle. Also contained in the carotid triangle are the common carotid artery, the internal jugular vein, the vagus nerve, and the hypoglossal nerve.
Example Question #97 : Gross Anatomy
Which of the following does not provide innervation to or from the tongue?
Facial nerve
Mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve
Hypoglossal nerve
Maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve
The tongue has a complicated innervation and is innervated by five cranial nerves. The innervation can be divided into motor and sensory innervations. In regards to motor innervation the palatoglossus is innervated by cranial nerve (CN) X (vagus nerve), while all other muscles of the tongue are innervated by CN XII (hypoglossal nerve). Sensory innervation is a bit more complicated. CN IX (glossopharyngeal nerve) is responsible for general and special sense (taste) of the posterior one-third of the tongue. CN VII (chorda tympani from the facial nerve) is responsible for special sensory (taste) of the anterior two-thirds of the tongue, while the mandibular branch of CN V (lingual nerve of the mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve) allows for general sensory of the anterior two-thirds of the tongue.
Example Question #98 : Gross Anatomy
From deepest to most superficial, what is the correct order of the layers of abdominal musculature.
Transversalis fascia, transversus abdominus, internal oblique, external oblique
Transversalis fascia, internal oblique, external oblique, skin
Parietal peritoneum, internal oblique, transversus abdominus, external oblique
Parietal peritoneum, external oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominus
Transversalis fascia, transversus abdominus, internal oblique, external oblique
The transverse fascia is a thin aponeurotic membrane that lies between the transverse abdominal muscle and the parietal peritoneum. Superficial to the transverse abdominal muscle is the internal oblique, with the external oblique superficial to the internal oblique. Sitting on top of the abdominal musculature is a layer of superficial fat followed by skin
Parietal peritoneum, extraperitoneal fat, transversesalis fascia, transversus abdominus, internal oblique, external oblique, superficial fat, skin
(Note: rectus abdominus lies within the aponeurosis of internal oblique).
Example Question #99 : Gross Anatomy
At the level of the umbilicus and the anterior axillary line, what is the correct order of abdominal structures from superficial to deep?
External oblique muscle, transversus abdominis muscle, transversalis fascia, internal oblique muscle
External oblique muscle, internal oblique muscle, transversus abdominis muscle, transversalis fascia
None of these
Internal oblique contribution to rectus sheath, rectus abdominis muscle, internal oblique contribution to rectus sheath, transversus abdominis contribution to rectus sheath
Transversalis fascia, transversus abdominis muscle, internal oblique muscle, external oblique muscle
External oblique muscle, internal oblique muscle, transversus abdominis muscle, transversalis fascia
From superficial to deep, the layers of abdominal wall structures above the arcuate line are in the following order: external oblique muscle, internal oblique muscle, transversus abdominis muscle, transversalis fascia, peritoneum.
Below the arcuate line, the only change is that internal oblique and the transversus abdominis aponeuroses join together and then travel superficial to the rectus muscle.
Example Question #94 : Gross Anatomy
Which of these muscles is not involved in smiling?
zygomaticus major
risorius
masseter
zygomaticus minor
masseter
The masseter is a muscle of mastication. It helps with food digestion rather than facial expression.
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