Human Anatomy and Physiology : Organs

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for Human Anatomy and Physiology

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Example Questions

Example Question #141 : Organs

Which of these cranial nerves has both sensory and motor function?

Possible Answers:

Glossopharyngeal

Trochlear

Vestibulocochlear

Optic

Correct answer:

Glossopharyngeal

Explanation:

Of these choices only the glossopharyngeal nerve has both motor and sensory functions. The trochlear nerve is motor and the optic and vestibulocochlear nerves are both sensory. To help remember the cranial nerves and their respective numbers the following mnemonic may be helpful: Oh Oh Oh, To Touch And Feel Very Green Vegetables, AH. In order from one to twelve: Olfactory, Optic, Oculomotor, Trochlear, Trigeminal, Abducens, Facial, Vestibulocochlear, Glossopharyngeal, Vagus, Accessory, Hypoglossal.

Example Question #142 : Organs

Which of the following nerves only have sensory functions?

Possible Answers:

Femoral nerve

Suprascapular nerve

Median nerve

Sural nerve

Common fibular nerve

Correct answer:

Sural nerve

Explanation:

While the other nerves do provide cutaneous sensation, they also innervate muscles in the upper and lower extremities. Of the nerves listed, the sural is the only that only has sensory functions; it provides cutaneous sensation to the lateral lower leg.

Example Question #143 : Organs

Which upper extremity nerve only has motor function?

Possible Answers:

Long thoracic nerve

Median nerve

Suprascapular nerve

Axillary nerve

Musculocutaneous nerve

Correct answer:

Long thoracic nerve

Explanation:

While all of these nerves have motor functions, the long thoracic nerve is the only that has motor function only; it innervates the serratus anterior muscle. The suprascapular nerve provides sensation to portions of the glenohumeral and acromioclavicular joints, the musculocutaneous nerve provides cutaneous sensation to the lateral forearm (as the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve), the axillary nerve provides cutaneous sensation to the lateral shoulder, and the median nerve supplies cutaneous sensation to the palmar surfaces of the lateral hand, index, and ring fingers.

Example Question #144 : Organs

The deep lateral rotators of the hip are important for maintaining hip stability. Which one of them is innervated by a branch of the obturator nerve?

Possible Answers:

Obturator externus

Obturator internus

Gemellus superior

Quadratus femoris

Piriformis

Correct answer:

Obturator externus

Explanation:

Of these muscles, the obturator externus is the only one innervated by the obturator nerve. Also, the adductor magnus is innervated by the posterior fibers of the obturator nerve. The obturator internus is innervated by the nerve to the obturator internus. The other deep lateral rotators are innervated by nerves named after the muscles they innervate (e.g. nerve to the piriformis).

Example Question #145 : Organs

Which of the following is not a branch of the facial nerve?

Possible Answers:

Mandibular

Posterio auricular

Zygomatic

Cervical

Maxillary

Correct answer:

Maxillary

Explanation:

There is no maxillary branch of the facial nerve. The branches of the facial nerve are as follows: temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, cervical, posterior auricular. Recall that the facial nerve is also known as cranial nerve VII.

Example Question #146 : Organs

Which of the following blood vessels does not originate from the internal iliac artery?

Possible Answers:

Obturator artery

Superior gluteal artery

None of these

Inferior gluteal artery

Femoral artery

Correct answer:

Femoral artery

Explanation:

The femoral artery is a continuation of the external iliac artery. The super and inferior gluteal arteries, and the obturator artery are branches of the internal iliac artery.

Example Question #147 : Organs

What vein carries blood to the lungs directly from the right ventricle?

Possible Answers:

Right pulmonary artery

Left pulmonary artery

Pulmonary trunk

Aorta

Left common carotid artery

Correct answer:

Pulmonary trunk

Explanation:

While it is true that the left and right pulmonary arteries carry blood to the lungs, it is the pulmonary trunk that receives blood directly from the right ventricle because the pulmonary trunk then branches into the left and right pulmonary arteries. The aorta carries blood from the left ventricle to the systemic circulation. The left common carotid artery branches off the brachiocephalic trunk, which itself branches off the aortic arch.

Example Question #148 : Organs

What vein most directly drains blood from the cheeks, lips, and nose?

Possible Answers:

External jugular vein

Facial vein

Internal jugular vein

Posterior auricular vein

Correct answer:

Facial vein

Explanation:

The facial vein is responsible for draining the blood from the cheeks, lips, and nose. The posterior auricular vein drains blood from behind the ears. The internal jugular vein drains blood from the brain, face, and scalp (the facial vein drains into the internal jugular vein). The external jugular vein drains blood from the face and scalp. Both jugular veins drain into the subclavian vein.

Example Question #149 : Organs

Which artery supplies the mouth and nose?

Possible Answers:

Superficial temporal

Carotid

Axillary

Maxillary

Correct answer:

Maxillary

Explanation:

The maxillary artery supplies blood to the mouth and nose. The axillary artery is located near the armpit and does not supply the head with blood. The carotid supplies most of the tissues of the head, but divides into branches, and most of its blood is taken to the brain. The superficial temporal artery supplies the top and sides of the head. 

Example Question #624 : Gross Anatomy

What cranial nerve carries visual information to the brain?

Possible Answers:

IV

II

I

III

Correct answer:

II

Explanation:

Cranial nerve (CN) II is also known as the optic nerve, which carries visual stimuli to the brain. CN I is the olfactory nerve and it allows for the detection of odors. CN III is the oculomotor nerve, which allows the eyeball to move. CN IV is the trochlear nerve, which helps rotate the eye inferiorly and laterally. 

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