Human Anatomy and Physiology : Muscles
Study concepts, example questions & explanations for Human Anatomy and Physiology
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Example Questions
Example Question #25 : Identifying Muscles Of The Upper Extremities
A patient presents with pain in the anterior portion of their upper arm, a noticeable lump, and cannot perform elbow flexion. What muscle is likely ruptured?Â
Infraspinatus
Triceps brachii
Biceps brachii
Latissimus dorsi
None of these
Biceps brachii
The biceps brachii's main action is flexion of the elbow, and therefore would be the most likely ruptured muscle. Triceps brachii, infraspinatus, and latissimus dorsi are all located posterior on the shoulder complex, and therefore would not perform elbow flexion, or result in a lump on the anterior portion of the upper arm.Â
Example Question #26 : Identifying Muscles Of The Upper Extremities
Which upper extremity muscle does not make up the rotator cuff group?
Teres minor
Teres major
Subscapularis
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres major
Teres major is not included in the rotator cuff. The rotator cuff muscles insert along the along the head of the humerus, allowing it to move through abduction, internal and external rotation.
Example Question #141 : Muscles
Which muscle originates on the coracoid process?
Anterior head of deltoid
Triceps brachii
Coracobrachiallis
Biceps brachii
Teres minor
Coracobrachiallis
The coracobrachialis originates on the coracoid process, and inserts to the medial shaft of the humerus. The cheat in this question is to look at the base word -Â coracobrachialis.
Example Question #27 : Identifying Muscles Of The Upper Extremities
Which muscle(s) is/are the primary mover(s) of scapular retraction?
Latissimus dorsi
Teres major and teres minor
Middle trapezius and rhomboids
Levator scapulae
Pectoralis major
Middle trapezius and rhomboids
The rhomboids, which are located medially to the scapula assist with scapular retraction- or the movement of bringing the scapula medially. In addition, the middle trapezius also allows for this movement due to its insertion on the spine, and covering the scapula.Â
Example Question #141 : Muscles
Which muscle are the primary movers for shoulder extension and elbow extension?
Pectoralis major
Biceps brachii
Triceps brachii
Posterior head of deltoid
Latissimus dorsi
Triceps brachii
The triceps brachii is the only muscle that performs both elbow extension and shoulder extension. The latissimus dorsi does allow for shoulder extension, however does not include the elbow.Â
Example Question #145 : Muscles
Which muscle's only action is to pronate the forearm?
Supinator
Tensor fascia latae
Anconeus
Brachioradialis
Pronator quadratus
Pronator quadratus
The pronator quadratus's only action is pronation of the forearm.Â
Example Question #33 : Identifying Muscles Of The Upper Extremities
Which muscles sole action is to supinate the forearm?
Pronator quadratus
Brachialis
Extensor digitorum brevis
Supinator
Palmaris longus
Supinator
The supinator does just what is says, supinates the forearm.Â
Example Question #32 : Identifying Muscles Of The Upper Extremities
The extensor carpi ulnaris muscle __________.
only extends the wrist joint
adducts and abducts the hand at the wrist joint
is part of the flexor group of muscles of the forearm
extends and adducts the hand at the wrist joint
extends and abducts the hand at the wrist joint
extends and adducts the hand at the wrist joint
The extensor carpi ulnaris muscle functions as an extensor and adductor of the hand at the wrist joint. It is part of the extensor group of muscles of the forearm and originates from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and posterior border of the ulna. It inserts into the fifth metacarpal.
Example Question #33 : Identifying Muscles Of The Upper Extremities
Large muscles of the upper extremity __________.
always have the same directional fibers and actions
would not include the deltoidÂ
can have various directional fibers having different actions
would not include muscles that move the upper arm
always have one action on one structure
can have various directional fibers having different actions
Large muscles of the upper extremity would include muscles that move the upper arm and may have various directional fibers having different actions. An example of such a muscle is the deltoid; its lateral fibers abduct the arm at the shoulder joint, the anterior fibers flex and medially rotate the arm, and the posterior fibers flex and laterally rotate the arm.Â
Example Question #142 : Muscles
Which answer choice correctly states the number of each type of vertebrae?
12 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 4 coccygeal
7 cervical, 5 thoracic, 4 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 12 coccygeal
12 cervical, 7 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 4 sacral, and 5 coccygeal
4 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 7 coccygeal
7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 4 coccygeal
7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 4 coccygeal
The human vertebral column consists of 33 vertebrae. The lumbar vertebrae at the base of the spine are thickest and bear most of the weight of the trunk. The bottom 5 sacral vertebrae and 4 coccygeal vertebrae are fused. Both sets of fused vertebrae comprise two different bones, the sacrum and the coccyx respectively. The 12 thoracic vertebrae contain facets on the bodies and on the transverse processes (except T11 and T12) for articulation with the ribs.
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