Human Anatomy and Physiology : Joints

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for Human Anatomy and Physiology

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Example Questions

Example Question #21 : Joints

The joints of the knuckles are examples of __________ joints.

Possible Answers:

gliding

condylar

saddle

ball-and-socket

hinge

Correct answer:

condylar

Explanation:

Condylar or ellipsoid joints involve one bone that is concave and one bone that is convex. The metacarpophalangeal joints of the knuckles, as well as the wrist joint, are both condylar. As for the other bones of the hand, the intercarpal joints are gliding and the interphalangeal joints are hinge.

Example Question #22 : Joints

Sternocostal joints are all gliding joints, except the __________.

Possible Answers:

articulation of the first rib to the sternum, which is a syndesmosis

articulation of the seventh rib to the sternum, which is a synostosis

articulation of the first rib to the sternum, which is a synchondrosis

articulation of the seventh rib to the sternum, which is a synchondrosis

Correct answer:

articulation of the first rib to the sternum, which is a synchondrosis

Explanation:

Where the first rib meets the manubrium (top of sternum), the joint is cartilaginous and called a synchondrosis. Syndesmoses are fibrous joints of connective tissue, and syostoses are areas of bone fusion.

Example Question #23 : Joints

The radiocarpal joint differs from the intercarpal joints in that __________.

Possible Answers:

the radiocarpal joint is a condylar joint, and the intercarpal joints are hinge joints

the radiocarpal joint is a condylar joint, and the intercarpal joints are gliding joints

the radiocarpal joint is a hinge joint, and the intercarpal joints are gliding joints

the radiocarpal joint is a gliding joint, and the intercarpal joints are condylar joints

Correct answer:

the radiocarpal joint is a condylar joint, and the intercarpal joints are gliding joints

Explanation:

The radiocarpal or wrist joint is a condylar synovial joint because the radius has a concave surface, and the carpals have a convex surface. The joint connects the radius with the scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum.

Example Question #24 : Joints

Which of the following is not involved in joining a rib to the sternum?

Possible Answers:

Costochondral joint

Sternocostal joint

Sternoclavicular joint

Hyaline cartilage

Synovial joint

Correct answer:

Sternoclavicular joint

Explanation:

The rib bones do not directly interface with the sternum, but are linked to the sternum by regions of hyaline cartilage. The interface between the rib and the cartilage is a costochonral joint. The interface between the cartilage and the sternum is a sternocostal joint. Sternocostal joints are slightly articular synovial joints.

The sternoclavicular joint is the interface between the sternal end of the clavicle and the manubrium of the sternum.

Example Question #25 : Joints

Name the suture that connects the parietal bones to the occipital bone.

Possible Answers:

Squamous suture

Sagittal suture

Metopic suture

Coronal suture

Lambdoid suture

Correct answer:

Lambdoid suture

Explanation:

Fibrous joints are responsible for connecting the bones of the skull. The lambdoid suture is the fibrous joint found on the posterior portion of the skull, and is used to connect the occipital bone to the parietal bones.

The coronal suture connects the frontal bones and parietal bones. The sagittal suture joins the parietal bones to one another. The squamous suture joins the parietal and temporal bones. The metopic suture joins the two frontal bones to one another.

Example Question #3 : Identifying Joints Of The Trunk, Core, And Head

Which of the following pairs of vertebrae represents the location of the atlantoaxial joint in the spine?

Possible Answers:

C1 and C2

M1 and M2

None of these

L1 and L2

T1 and T2

Correct answer:

C1 and C2

Explanation:

The atlantoaxial joint, a trochoid (pivot) joint where most cervical rotation occurs, sits at the junction of the atlas (C1) and axis (C2). It is the most mobile joint to occur between any two vertebrae in the human body.

Example Question #3 : Identifying Joints Of The Trunk, Core, And Head

Which of the following is not a joint articulation found in the thoracic cavity?

Possible Answers:

Sternocostal

Sternoclavicular

Costochondral

Acromioclavicular

Correct answer:

Acromioclavicular

Explanation:

The thorax has three major articulations: sternoclavicular, sternocostal, and costochondral joints. The sternoclavicular provides a connection between the upper limbs and the axial skeleton, joining the manubrium of the sternum to the medial end of the clavicle. The sternocostal joints are the attachments between the sternum and the cartilage of ribs 1 to 7. Costochondral joints are the attachments of the ribs to their costal cartilages.

The acromioclavicular joint is formed between the acromion process of the scapula and the distal end of the clavicle. It is local to the shoulder, and is not found in the thoracic cavity.

Example Question #3 : Identifying Joints Of The Trunk, Core, And Head

What three bones make up the shoulder joint?

Possible Answers:

Humerus, scapula, and clavicle

Coracoid process, clavicle, and scapula

Scapula and clavicle only

Humerus and scapula only

Femur, scapula, and clavicle

Correct answer:

Humerus, scapula, and clavicle

Explanation:

The three bones that make up the shoulder joint are the humerus, scapula, and clavicle. The head of the humerus articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula and the clavicle articulates with the scapula at the acromioclavicular joint. Collectively these make up the shoulder joint.

Example Question #3 : Identifying Joints Of The Trunk, Core, And Head

Because of human development, this type of joint only completely fuses later in life.

Possible Answers:

Sutures

Gomphoses

Syndesmoses

Synovial

Amphiarthroses

Correct answer:

Sutures

Explanation:

The sutures of the skull are not fused at childbirth possibly to ease passage of the skull through the birth canal. Later in life the sutures fuse to form synarthroses called synostoses and offer much stronger protection of the brain. Fontanelles are the soft spots between the skull bones and will close about 18 months after birth.

Example Question #3 : Identifying Joints Of The Trunk, Core, And Head

What is the name of the joint that lies between the first and second cervical (neck) vertebrae (C1 and C2, respectively)?

Possible Answers:

Axial-occipital

Atlanto-occipital

Occipital joint

Atlanto-axial

Correct answer:

Atlanto-axial

Explanation:

The atlanto-axial joint is a joint in the upper part of the neck between the first and second cervical vertebrae (the atlas and axis). This joint is a pivot joint; it allows for rotation, flexion, extension, and other movements that our necks can perform.

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