Testosterone has many functions in males. Others functions than those listed include: enlargement of genitalia, increased libido, decrease in subcutaneous fat in face, aggression, and increased oil production—which may cause acne. In females, testosterone primarily functions to increase sexual arousal.

There are three primary structures that contribute fluids to sperm in order to create semen in the body: the seminal vesicles, the prostate, and the bulbourethral glands. The pituitary gland has an impact on the development and maturation of sperm, but does not directly add fluid to semen.

The male reproductive system has all of the functions indicated in the answer choices. 

Dysmenorrhea is a term used to describe painful cramps that are present during menstruation. In most cases, the cramps are cause by involuntary contractions of the uterus, which is a muscle. Amenorrhea describes the abnormal absence of a menstrual period. Mastodynia describes breast tenderness during menstruation. Menarche describes a female's first menstrual period.

Ejaculation is the act of ejecting sperm and semen from the male body. Fertilization and implantation are the first steps of pregnancy that occur inside the female body after sexual reproduction has begun. Transpiration is the evaporation of water from plant leaves.

At day 14 of a menstrual cycle, the LH surge begins, which causes the follicle to burst, resulting in ovulation. The LH surge is caused by a rise in estrogen, which causes the pituitary gland to release LH.

Progesterone ("pro-gestation") is responsible for the maintenance of a pregnancy. Initially, the corpus luteum secretes progesterone in preparation for pregnancy. Then, after fertilization, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is released which causes the corpus luteum to keep secreting progesterone. The placenta takes over it's function after 6 weeks gestation.

As the air enters the human body when it is inhaled, it passes through the mouth (or nose) and is warmed. It then passes through the pharynx and into the cartilage-ringed trachea. From the trachea, the air can pass into either the right or left bronchi, which brings air to the right or left lung, respectively. The bronchi branch into many bronchioles and eventually into alveoli, where gas exchange occurs.

The esophagus is part of the digestive system, and transports food from the mouth to the stomach.

The organs of the respiratory system are organized into the upper respiratory tract and the lower respiratory tract. The upper respiratory tract includes the nasal mucosa, the trachea, the bronchi, and the larynx. The lower respiratory tract consists of the bronchioles and alveoli.

Pre-alveolar and post-alveolar refer to the transfer of oxygen and carbon dioxide between air and blood. Exocrine and endocrine refer to organs needed in the creation and release of hormones and secretions.

The pharynx, larynx, trachea, and bronchi are all part of the respiratory tract.

The esophagus is part of the digestive tract, while the thyroid gland is part of the endocrine system.