GRE Math : GRE Quantitative Reasoning

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for GRE Math

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Example Questions

Example Question #1 : How To Subtract Complex Fractions

Quantity A: 

Quantity B: 

Possible Answers:

Quantity B is greater.

The two quantities are equal.

The relationship between A and B cannot be determined.

Quantity A is greater.

Correct answer:

Quantity A is greater.

Explanation:

As it is, quantities A and B have different denominators, so making a comparison can be tricky. Making a common denominator will allow for comparison of just the numerators, so that would make a good first step:

Quantity A:

Quantity B:

Disregarding equal denominators, since they'll always have a positive value, compare the numerators. If  is subtracted from quantity A and from quantity B, we're left with  for the former and  for the latter.

Quantity A is greater.

Example Question #1 : How To Subtract Complex Fractions

Quantity A: 

Quantity B: 

Possible Answers:

Quantity B is greater.

Quantity A is greater.

The relationship between A and B cannot be determined.

Quantity A and Quantity B are equal.

Correct answer:

The relationship between A and B cannot be determined.

Explanation:

One way to approach this question is to try to reduce the complexity of each quantity. By subtracting the value of Quantity A,  from both A and B, we can make a new comparison:

Quantity A': 

Quantity B': 

Now, it's easy to see that for different values of  Quantity B may be greater, lesser, or equal to Quantity A.

Since  is not restricted in its possible values, the relationship cannot be determined.

Example Question #2 : How To Subtract Complex Fractions

Rhoda can prune  rhododendrons in  hours, while Rhonda can prune  in  hours. If a work day is  hours, how many rhododendrons will Rita have to prune per hour so that the team prunes the garden's  rhododendrons?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

To find out how many rhododendrons Rita will need to prune in an hour, we must first find out how many she needs to prune.

If Rhoda can prune  rhododendrons in  hours, then she can prune  in  hours, and if Rhonda can prune  in  hours, she can prune  in  hours.

If this is not readily apparent, it can be found by finding out how many each prunes in one hour, then multiplying by .

Rhoda:

Rhonda: 

Between Rhoda and Rhonda,  of the  rhododendrons can be pruned, leaving  for Rita.

Since she has  hours for the task, her rate of pruning can be found to be:

Example Question #1 : Circles

Circlechord0

O is the center of the circle above.

The length of  is .

Quantity A: The area of the circle.

Quantity B: 

Which of the following is true?

Possible Answers:

Quantity A is greater.

Quantity B is greater.

The relationship cannot be determined.

The two quantities are equal.

Correct answer:

Quantity A is greater.

Explanation:

Circlechord0

O is the center of the circle above.

 The length of  is .

Quantity A: The area of the circle.

Quantity B: 

Do not be tricked by this question. It is true that  can be split into halves, each of which are  in length. These halves are not, however, radii to the circle. Since this does not go through the center of the circle, its length is shorter than the diameter. This means that the radius of the circle must be greater than . Now, if it were , the area would be . Since it is larger than , the area must be larger than . Quantity A is larger than quantity B.

Example Question #1 : Circles

Circlechord1

O is the center of the circle above.

The circumference of the circle above is .

Quantity A: The length of .

Quantity B: 

Which of the following is true?

Possible Answers:

Quantity B is larger.

The relationship cannot be determined.

The two quantities are equal.

Quantity A is larger.

Correct answer:

Quantity B is larger.

Explanation:

Now, we know that the circumference of a circle is:

 or 

This means that the diameter of our circle is must be . Given this, we know that the  must be shorter than , for the diameter is the longer than any chord that does not pass through the center of the circle. Quantity B is larger than quantity A.

Example Question #2 : Geometry

What is the circumference of a circle with an area of 36π?

Possible Answers:

12π

32

None of the other answers

15π

Correct answer:

12π

Explanation:

We know that the area of a circle can be expressed: a = πr2

If we know that the area is 36π, we can substitute this into said equation and get: 36π = πr2

Solving for r, we get: 36 = r2; (after taking the square root of both sides:) 6 = r

Now, we know that the circuference of a circle is expressed: c = πd.  Since we know that d = 2r (two radii, placed one after the other, make a diameter), we can rewrite the circumference equation to be: c = 2πr

Since we have r, we can rewrite this to be: c = 2π*6 = 12π

Example Question #2 : Plane Geometry

Which is greater: the circumference of a circle with an area of , or the perimeter of a square with side length  inches?

 

 

 

 

Possible Answers:

The perimeter of the square is greater.

The circumference of the circle is greater.

The two quantities are equal.

The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.

Correct answer:

The circumference of the circle is greater.

Explanation:

Starting with the circle, we need to find the radius in order to get the circumference. Find \dpi{100} \small r by plugging our given area into the equation for the area of a circle:

A = \pi r^2

25\pi = \pi r^2

25 = r^2

Then calculate circumference:

C = 2\pi r

\dpi{100} \small C = 2\pi \times 5 = 10\pi \approx 31.4 inches (approximating \dpi{100} \small \pi as 3.14)

To find the perimeter of the square, we can use P = 4s , where \dpi{100} \small P is the perimeter and \dpi{100} \small s is the side length:

\dpi{100} \small 31.4>28, so the circle's circumference is greater.

Example Question #1 : Geometry

Circle A has an area of .  What is the perimeter of an enclosed semi-circle with half the radius of circle A?

Possible Answers:

 

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Based on our information, we know that the 121π = πr2; 121 = r2; r = 11.

Our other circle with half the radius of A has a diameter equal to the radius of A.  Therefore, the circumference of this circle is 11π.  Half of this is 5.5π.  However, since this is a semi circle, it is enclosed and looks like this:

Semicircle

Therefore, we have to include the diameter in the perimeter.  Therefore, the total perimeter of the semi-circle is 5.5π + 11.

Example Question #1 : Geometry

Quantity A: The circumference of a circle with radius 

Quantity B: The area of a circle with a diameter one fourth the radius of the circle in Quantity A 

Which of the following is true?

Possible Answers:

Quantity A is larger.

The relationship between the two values cannot be determined.

The two quantities are equal.

Quantity B is larger.

Correct answer:

The relationship between the two values cannot be determined.

Explanation:

Let's compute each value separately. We know that the radii are positive numbers that are greater than or equal to . This means that we do not need to worry about the fact that the area could represent a square of a decimal value like .

Quantity A

Since , we know:

Quantity B

If the diameter is one-fourth the radius of A, we know:

Thus, the radius must be half of that, or .

Now, we need to compute the area of this circle. We know:

Therefore, 

Now, notice that if , Quantity A is larger.

However, if we choose a value like , we have:

Quantity A: 

Quantity B: 

Therefore, the relation cannot be determined!

Example Question #4 : Geometry

Inscribedsquare

Circle  has a center in the center of Square .

The area of Square  is  .

What is the circumference of Circle ?

Possible Answers:

 

 

 

 

 

Correct answer:

 

Explanation:

Since we know that the area of Square  is , we know , where  is the length of one of its sides. From this, we can solve for  by taking the square root of both sides. You will have to do this by estimating upward. Therefore, you know that  is . By careful guessing, you can quickly see that  is . From this, you know that the diameter of your circle must be half of , or  (because it is circumscribed). Therefore, you can draw:

Inscribedsquare24

The circumference of this circle is defined as:

 or, for your values:

(You could also compute this from the diameter, but many students just memorize the formula above.)

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