GMAT Math : Problem-Solving Questions

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for GMAT Math

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Example Questions

Example Question #1971 : Problem Solving Questions

Which of the following is equal to three one-hundredths subtracted from one fourth?

Possible Answers:

Thirty-seven one-hundredths

Twenty-three one-hundredths

Twenty-two one-hundredths

Forty-seven one-hundredths

Five one-hundredths

Correct answer:

Twenty-two one-hundredths

Explanation:

The one-hundredths place is the second place to the right of the decimal point; therefore, three one-hundredths is equal to 0.03. One fourth can be converted to decimal form as follows:

,

which is twenty-five one-hundredths, or 0.25. Subtract:

,

or twenty-two one-hundredths.

Example Question #15 : Understanding Real Numbers

Order  from least to greatest.

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

We can find each in terms of .

 

 

 

In ascending order, the numbers are:

 

The correct choice is  .

Example Question #14 : Understanding Real Numbers

Add one fourth to one seventh. Subtract this sum from one. What is the result?

Possible Answers:

Thirteen elevenths

Seventeen twenty-eighths

Nine elevenths

Thirty-nine twenty-eighths

Twenty-five twenty-eighths

Correct answer:

Seventeen twenty-eighths

Explanation:

The expression is equal to , which is calculated as follows:

,

or seventeen twenty-eighths.

Example Question #421 : Arithmetic

 and  are integers. Which of the following need not be an integer?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

. As the product of integers,  must be an integer. 

, making  the sum of integers, and, consequently, an integer.

, making  the sum of integers, and, consequently, an integer.

, making  the difference of integers, and, consequently, an integer.

We demonstrate that need not be an integer through a counterexample. Let .

 and , so the conditions of the problem are met. However,

, which is not an integer. This makes  the correct response.

Example Question #1972 : Problem Solving Questions

When evaluating the expression

,

which of the following operations should be performed third?

Possible Answers:

The rightmost subtraction

The leftmost subtraction

The rightmost multiplication

The middle subtraction

The leftmost multiplication

Correct answer:

The leftmost subtraction

Explanation:

In the absence of grouping symbols, all multiplications are performed before any of the subtractions. Therefore, the first two operations performed are the multiplications. The three remaining operations, all subtractions, are performed right to left, so the next operation - the third one - to be performed is the leftmost subtraction.

Example Question #1973 : Problem Solving Questions

When evaluating the expression

,

which of the following operations should be performed third?

Possible Answers:

The rightmost subtraction

The middle subtraction

The leftmost subtraction

The rightmost addition

The leftmost addition

Correct answer:

The middle subtraction

Explanation:

In the absence of grouping symbols, additions and subtractions are performed with precedence moving from left to right. Therefore, the five operations, each an addition or a subtraction, are performed right to left, and the third operation performed is the middle subtraction.

Example Question #1974 : Problem Solving Questions

When evaluating each of the following expressions, which one(s) require you to multiply first?

I) 

II) 

III) 

Possible Answers:

None

I, II, and III

III only

I and III only

II and III only

Correct answer:

III only

Explanation:

Since there are no grouping symbols in any of the expressions, the order of operations dictates that the multiplication and division must be worked before the addition in each. The operations must be worked from left to right. Only in expression (III) does the multiplication occur before the division when reafing left to right, so this is the only expession evaluated by multiplying first.

Example Question #1975 : Problem Solving Questions

When evaluating each of the following expressions, which one(s) require you to add first? 

 

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

In the absence of grouping symbols, additions and subtractions are performed from left to right. Only the expression in (I) has an addition as its leftmost operation, so this is the only expression that is evaluated by adding first.

Example Question #1976 : Problem Solving Questions

When evaluating the expression

,

which of the following operations should be performed second?

Possible Answers:

The leftmost division

The rightmost division

The middle division

The leftmost multiplication

The rightmost multiplication

Correct answer:

The leftmost multiplication

Explanation:

In the absence of grouping symbols, multiplications and divisions are performed with precedence moving from left to right. Therefore, the five operations, each a multiplication or a division, are performed left to right, and the second operation performed is the leftmost multiplication.

Example Question #423 : Arithmetic

Boxes

The above figure shows the first six of a sequence of boxes. If the sequence extends indefinitely, if  is the lower right entry in the twelfth box, which of the following is a true statement? 

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

The sequence of numbers in the upper left entries of the boxes is simply the sequence of natural numbers. The upper left number in the twelfth box will be .

The sequence of numbers in the upper right entries of the boxes is the sequence of powers of 2, beginning with . The upper right number in the twelfth box will be .

The sequence of numbers in the lower left entries of the boxes is the Fibonacci sequence, whose terms after the second are each the sum of the preceding two. To get the twelfth term requires a little work, but we can do it as follows:

The entry in the lower right is the sum of the other three entries, so the lower right entry in the twelfth box will be

.

The correct choice is that .

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