GMAT Math : Geometry

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for GMAT Math

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Example Questions

Example Question #71 : Graphing

The graph of function  has vertical asymptote . Which of the following could give a definition of  ?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Given the function , the vertical asymptote can be found by observing that a logarithm cannot be taken of a number that is not positive. Therefore, it must hold that , or, equivalently,  and that the graph of  will never cross the vertical line . That makes  the vertical asymptote, so it follows that the graph with vertical asymptote  will have  in the  position. The only choice that meets this criterion is

Example Question #72 : Graphing

The graph of a function  has -intercept . Which of the following could be the definition of  ?

Possible Answers:

All of the other choices are correct.

Correct answer:

All of the other choices are correct.

Explanation:

All of the functions are of the form . To find the -intercept of such a function, we can set  and solve for :

Since we are looking for a function whose graph has -intercept , the equation here becomes , and we can examine each of the functions by finding the value of .

:

 

 

 

 

 

All four choices fit the criterion.

Example Question #13 : Coordinate Geometry

The graph of a function  has -intercept . Which of the following could be the definition of  ?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

All of the functions take the form 

for some integer . To find the choice that has -intercept , set  and , and solve for :

In exponential form:

The correct choice is .

Example Question #14 : Coordinate Geometry

Define a function  as follows:

Give the -intercept of the graph of .

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Set  and evaluate  to find the -coordinate of the -intercept.

Rewrite in exponential form:

.

The -intercept is .

Example Question #101 : Advanced Geometry

Define functions  and  as follows:

Give the -coordinate of a point at which the graphs of the functions intersect.

Possible Answers:

The graphs of  and  do not intersect.

Correct answer:

The graphs of  and  do not intersect.

Explanation:

Since , the definition of  can be rewritten as follows:

Since , the definition of  can be rewritten as follows:

First, we need to find the -coordinate of the point at which the graphs of  and  meet by setting 

Since the common logarithms of the two polynomials are equal, we can set the polynomials themselves equal, then solve:

However, if we evaluate , the expression becomes

,

which is undefined, since a negative number cannot have a logarithm.

Consequently, the two graphs do not intersect.

 

Example Question #16 : Coordinate Geometry

The graph of a function  has -intercept . Which of the following could be the definition of  ?

Possible Answers:

None of the other responses gives a correct answer.

Correct answer:

Explanation:

All of the functions are of the form . To find the -intercept of a function ,  we can set  and solve for :

.

Since we are looking for a function whose graph has -intercept , the equation here becomes , and we can examine each of the functions by finding the value of  and seeing which case yields this result.

 

:

 

:

 

:

 

:

The graph of  has -intercept  and is the correct choice.

Example Question #84 : Graphing

Define a function  as follows:

A line passes through the - and -intercepts of the graph of . Give the equation of the line.

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

The -intercept of the graph of  can befound by setting  and solving for :

Rewritten in exponential form:

The -intercept of the graph of  is .

 

The -intercept of the graph of  can be found by evaluating 

The -intercept of the graph of  is .

 

If  and  are the - and -intercepts, respectively, of a line, the slope of the line is . Substituting  and , this is

.

Setting  and  in the slope-intercept form of the equation of a line:

Example Question #17 : Graphing

Define functions  and  as follows:

Give the -coordinate of a point at which the graphs of the functions intersect.

Possible Answers:

The graphs of  and  do not intersect.

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Since , the definition of  can be rewritten as follows:

 

Find the -coordinate of the point at which the graphs of  and  meet by setting 

Since the common logarithms of the two polynomials are equal, we can set the polynomials themselves equal, then solve:

The quadradic trinomial can be "reverse-FOILed" by noting that 2 and 6 have  product 12 and sum 8:

Either , in which case 

or

, in which case 

Note, however, that we can eliminate  as a possible -value, since

,

an undefined quantity since negative numbers do not have logarithms. 

Since 

and 

,

 is the correct -value, and  is the correct -value.

Example Question #1 : How To Graph Complex Numbers

Give the -intercept(s) of the parabola with equation . Round to the nearest tenth, if applicable.

Possible Answers:

The parabola has no  -intercept.

Correct answer:

The parabola has no  -intercept.

Explanation:

The -coordinate(s) of the -intercept(s) are the real solution(s) to the equation . We can use the quadratic formula to find any solutions, setting  - the coefficients of the expression.

An examination of the discriminant , however, proves this unnecessary.

The discriminant being negative, there are no real solutions, so the parabola has no  -intercepts.

Example Question #1 : How To Graph Complex Numbers

In which quadrant does the complex number    lie?

Possible Answers:

-axis

Correct answer:

Explanation:

When plotting a complex number, we use a set of real-imaginary axes in which the x-axis is represented by the real component of the complex number, and the y-axis is represented by the imaginary component of the complex number. The real component is    and the imaginary component is  ,  so this is the equivalent of plotting the point    on a set of Cartesian axes.  Plotting the complex number on a set of real-imaginary axes, we move    to the left in the x-direction and    up in the y-direction, which puts us in the second quadrant, or in terms of Roman numerals:

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