GMAT Math : Intersecting Angles and Lines

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Example Questions

Example Question #1 : Dsq: Calculating The Angle Of An Intersection

Lines

Note: Figure NOT drawn to scale.

Refer to the above diagram. Evaluate .

Statement 1: x= 2v

Statement 2: y= 2x

Possible Answers:

BOTH statements TOGETHER are insufficient to answer the question.

BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient to answer the question, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

Statement 2 ALONE is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement 1 ALONE is NOT sufficient to answer the question.

Statement 1 ALONE is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement 2 ALONE is NOT sufficient to answer the question.

EITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

Correct answer:

BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient to answer the question, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

Explanation:

Statement 1 alone gives insufficient information. It only gives a relationship between and , but no further clues about the measures of any angle are given.

Statement 2 alone gives insufficient information; w = y = 2x , since the angles with those measures are vertical; since no measures are known, cannot be calculated.

Now assume both statements are true. Again, from Statement 1, x = 2v ; from Statement 2, y = 2x= 2(2v)= 4v . Again, from the diagram, w = y = 4v . Three angles with measures x,v,w together form a straight angle, so

x+v+w = 180

2v+v+4v = 180

7v = 180

$v = 180 \div 7 = 25 \frac{5}{7}$

$w = 4v = 4 \cdot 25\frac{5}{7} = 102 \frac{6}{7}$

Therefore, both statements together are sufficient to answer the question.

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Example Question #2 : Dsq: Calculating The Angle Of An Intersection

Lines

Note: Figure NOT drawn to scale.

Refer to the above diagram. Evaluate .

Statement 1: x+ y = 150

Statement 2: w+v = 130

Possible Answers:

EITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

Statement 2 ALONE is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement 1 ALONE is NOT sufficient to answer the question.

Statement 1 ALONE is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement 2 ALONE is NOT sufficient to answer the question.

BOTH statements TOGETHER are insufficient to answer the question.

BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient to answer the question, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

Correct answer:

Statement 1 ALONE is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement 2 ALONE is NOT sufficient to answer the question.

Explanation:

Assume Statement 1 alone. From the diagram, the three angles of measure x,y,v together form a straight angle, so

x+y+v= 180

From Statement 1,

x+ y = 150 ,

so by the subtraction property of equality,

x+y+v- (x+y)= 180 -150

v= 30

Assume Statement 2 alone. w+v = 130 , but there is no clue about the value of or any other angle measure, so the value of cannot be computed.

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Example Question #3 : Dsq: Calculating The Angle Of An Intersection

Transversal

Note: Figure NOT drawn to scale. Do not assume lines are parallel or perpendicular simply by appearance.

Evaluate $m \angle 1$ .

Statement 1: $m \angle 4 = 88^{\circ}$

Statement 2: $m \angle 8 = 88^{\circ }$

Possible Answers:

EITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

Statement 2 ALONE is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement 1 ALONE is NOT sufficient to answer the question.

BOTH statements TOGETHER are insufficient to answer the question.

BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient to answer the question, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

Statement 1 ALONE is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement 2 ALONE is NOT sufficient to answer the question.

Correct answer:

Statement 1 ALONE is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement 2 ALONE is NOT sufficient to answer the question.

Explanation:

Assume Statement 1 alone. $\angle 1$ and $\angle 4$ are vertical angles, so they must have the same measure; $m \angle 1 =m \angle 4 = 88^{\circ}$ .

Assume Statement 2 alone. $\angle 1$ and $\angle 8$ are alternating exterior angles, which are congruent if and only if l || m ; however, we do not know whether l || m , so no conclusions can be made about $m \angle 1$ .

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Example Question #4 : Dsq: Calculating The Angle Of An Intersection

Lines

Note: Figure NOT drawn to scale.

Refer to the above diagram. Evaluate .

Statement 1: x+v = 74

Statement 2: z+y+x+v= 254

Possible Answers:

BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient to answer the question, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

Statement 2 ALONE is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement 1 ALONE is NOT sufficient to answer the question.

Statement 1 ALONE is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement 2 ALONE is NOT sufficient to answer the question.

EITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

BOTH statements TOGETHER are insufficient to answer the question.

Correct answer:

EITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

Explanation:

Assume Statement 1 alone. x+v+y = 180 , since the three angles of these measures together form a straight angle. Also, from Statement 1, x+v = 74 . Therefore:

x+v+y = 180

x+v+y - (x+v) = 180- 74

y = 106

Assume Statement 2 alone. Again, x+v+y = 180 , and from Statement 2, z+y+x+v= 254 . Therefore,

z+y+x+v= 254

z+y+x+v - (x+y+v)= 254- 180

z= 74

Since the angles of measures and form a linear pair, they are supplementary, and y = 180-z = 180 - 74 = 106 .

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Example Question #1 : Dsq: Calculating The Angle Of An Intersection

Lines

Note: Figure NOT drawn to scale.

Refer to the above diagram. Evaluate .

Statement 1: x+y = w+v

Statement 2: z= 2x

Possible Answers:

Statement 2 ALONE is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement 1 ALONE is NOT sufficient to answer the question.

BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient to answer the question, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

Statement 1 ALONE is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement 2 ALONE is NOT sufficient to answer the question.

EITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

BOTH statements TOGETHER are insufficient to answer the question.

Correct answer:

BOTH statements TOGETHER are insufficient to answer the question.

Explanation:

We show that both statements together give insufficient information. Assume both statements together. Consider the following two cases:

Case 1: z= 80

Since the angles of measures and form linear pairs with the angle of measure , each is supplementary to that angle and, subsequently, w=y=180 - z = 180 - 80 = 100 .

The angle of measure x+v is vertical to the angle of measure , so the two must be congruent; x+v =z= 80 .

From Statement 1,

x+y = w+v

x+100 = 100+v

x=v

Since x+v = 80 and x=v , then x=v = 40 .

These values are therefore consistent with the diagram and with both statements.

Case 2: z= 70

We can find the values of the other variables as before:

w=y=180 - z = 180 - 70 = 110

x+v =z= 70

x=v , so x=v = 35 .

Again, all values are consistent with the diagram and both statements.

Since at least two different values of satify the conditions, the two statements are insufficient.

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Example Question #6 : Dsq: Calculating The Angle Of An Intersection

Transversal

Note: Figure NOT drawn to scale. Do not assume lines are parallel or perpendicular simply by appearance.

Evaluate $m \angle 1$ .

Statement 1: l || m

Statement 2: $t \perp m$

Possible Answers:

BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient to answer the question, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

Statement 2 ALONE is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement 1 ALONE is NOT sufficient to answer the question.

EITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

Statement 1 ALONE is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement 2 ALONE is NOT sufficient to answer the question.

BOTH statements TOGETHER are insufficient to answer the question.

Correct answer:

BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient to answer the question, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

Explanation:

Statement 1 alone gives us that l || m , but reveals no clues about any of the eight angle measures. From Statement 2 alone, that $t \perp m$ , we can assume that $\angle 5, \angle 6, \angle 7$ , and $\angle 8$ all have measure $90 ^{\circ }$ , but no clues are given about any of the other four angles—in particular, $\angle 1$ .

Assume both statements are true. From Statement 1, l || m , and by way of the Parallel Postulate, corresponding angles have the same measure—in particular, $m \angle 1 = m \angle 5$ . From Statement 2, we know that $m \angle 5= 90^{\circ }$ . From these two statements, $m \angle 1= 90^{\circ }$ .

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Example Question #5 : Dsq: Calculating The Angle Of An Intersection

Chord

Note: Figure NOT drawn to scale.

Give the measure of $\angle CMD$ in the above diagram.

Statement 1: $\widehat{AB}$ is an arc of measure $30^{\circ }$ .

Statement 2: $\widehat{CD}$ is an arc of measure $44 ^{\circ }$ .

Possible Answers:

BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient to answer the question, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

Statement 2 ALONE is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement 1 ALONE is NOT sufficient to answer the question.

Statement 1 ALONE is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement 2 ALONE is NOT sufficient to answer the question.

EITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

BOTH statements TOGETHER are insufficient to answer the question.

Correct answer:

BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient to answer the question, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

Explanation:

If two chords of a circle intersect inside it, then the measure of an angle formed is equal to the arithmetic mean of the measures of arc it intercepts and the arc its vertical angle intercepts. In other words, in this diagram,

$m \angle CMD = \frac{m\widehat{AB} + m\widehat{CD}}{2}$

Both arc measures are needed to find the measure of the angle. Neither statement alone give both; the two together do.

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GMAT Math : Intersecting Angles and Lines

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for GMAT Math

All GMAT Math Resources

Example Questions

Example Question #1 : Dsq: Calculating The Angle Of An Intersection

Example Question #2 : Dsq: Calculating The Angle Of An Intersection

Example Question #3 : Dsq: Calculating The Angle Of An Intersection

Example Question #4 : Dsq: Calculating The Angle Of An Intersection

Example Question #1 : Dsq: Calculating The Angle Of An Intersection

Example Question #6 : Dsq: Calculating The Angle Of An Intersection

Example Question #5 : Dsq: Calculating The Angle Of An Intersection

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