GMAT Math : Data-Sufficiency Questions

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for GMAT Math

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Example Questions

Example Question #2 : Squares

On your college campus there is a square grassy area where people like to hangout and enjoy the sun. While walking with some friends, you decide to take the shortest distance to the corner of the square opposite from where you are. Find the distance you traveled.

I) The perimeter of the square is  meters.

II) The square covers an area of  square meters.

Possible Answers:

Either statement is sufficient to answer the question.

Neither statement is sufficient to answer the question. More information is needed.  

Statement II is sufficient to answer the question, but statement I is not sufficient to answer the question.

Both statements are needed to answer the question.

Statement I is sufficient to answer the question, but statement II is not sufficient to answer the question. 

Correct answer:

Either statement is sufficient to answer the question.

Explanation:

We are asked to find the length of a diagonal of a square.

We can do this if we have the side length. We can find side length from either perimeter or area.

 

From Statement I)

In this case, our side length is 15 meters.

We can use this and Pythagorean Theorem or 45/45/90 triangles to find our diagonal.

From Statement II)

From here, we can plug the side length into the Pythagorean Theorem like before and solve for the diagonal.

Therefore, either statement alone is sufficient to answer the question.

 

Example Question #4 : Quadrilaterals

Find the length of the diagonal of square A if the diagonal of square B is .

  1. The perimeter of square B is 
  2. The area of square A is 
Possible Answers:

Statement 2 alone is sufficient, but statement 1 alone is not sufficient to answer the question.

Statement 1 alone is sufficient, but statement 2 alone is not sufficient to answer the question.

Statements 1 and 2 are not sufficient, and additional data is needed to answer the question.

Each statement alone is sufficient to answer the question.

Both statements taken together are sufficient to answer the question, but neither statement alone is sufficient.

Correct answer:

Statement 2 alone is sufficient, but statement 1 alone is not sufficient to answer the question.

Explanation:

Statement 1: The information provided would only be useful if the ratio of square A to square B was known. 

Statement 2: We need the length of the square's side to find the length of the diagonal and we can use the area to solve for the length of the side. 

Now we can find the diagonal: 

Example Question #5 : Dsq: Calculating The Length Of The Diagonal Of A Square

What is the length of the diagonal of the square?

  1. The area of the square is .
  2. The perimeter is .
Possible Answers:

Each statement alone is sufficient to answer the question.

Statement 2 alone is sufficient, but statement 1 alone is not sufficient to answer the question.

Statements 1 and 2 are not sufficient, and additional data is needed to answer the question.

Both statements taken together are sufficient to answer the question, but neither statement alone is sufficient.

Statement 1 alone is sufficient, but statement 2 alone is not sufficient to answer the question.

Correct answer:

Each statement alone is sufficient to answer the question.

Explanation:

The length of the diagonal of a square is given by , where  represents the square's side. As such, we need the length of the square's side.

Statement 1: 

Statement 2: 

Both statements provide us with the length of the square's side. 

Example Question #5 : Quadrilaterals

The diagonal bracing of a square pallet measures . What is the area of the pallet?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Squarecut To solve this problem, we must recognize that the diagonal bisector creates identical 45˚ - 45˚ - 90˚ right triangles. This means that, if the sides of the square are  then the diagonal must be . We can then set up the following equation:

If  then the area must be:

Example Question #1 : Quadrilaterals

Is Rectangle  a square?

Statement 1: 

Statement 2: 

Possible Answers:

EITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

BOTH statements TOGETHER are insufficient to answer the question.

Statement 2 ALONE is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement 1 ALONE is NOT sufficient to answer the question.

BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient to answer the question, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

Statement 1 ALONE is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement 2 ALONE is NOT sufficient to answer the question.

Correct answer:

EITHER statement ALONE is sufficient to answer the question.

Explanation:

A rectangle, by definition, is a parallelogram. Statement 1 asserts that the diagonals of this parallelogram are perpendicular. Statement 2 asserts that adjacent sides of the parallelogram are congruent, so, since opposite sides are also congruent, this makes all four sides congruent. From either statement alone, it can be deduced that Rectangle  is a rhombus. A figure that is a rectangle and a rhombus is by definition a square.

Example Question #161 : Data Sufficiency Questions

Find the side length of square R.

I) The area of square R is .

II) The perimeter of square R is .

Possible Answers:

Both statements taken together are sufficient to solve the question.

Statement 2 is sufficient to solve the question, but statement 1 is not sufficient to solve the question.

Statement 1 is sufficient to solve the question, but statement 2 is not sufficient to solve the question.

Neither statement is sufficient to solve the question. More information is needed.

Each statement alone is enough to solve the question.

Correct answer:

Each statement alone is enough to solve the question.

Explanation:

Consider the following equations:

Where a is area, p is perimeter, and s is side length

We can find the side length with either our area or our perimeter.

Thus, we only need one statment or the other. 

Example Question #2 : Squares

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What is the length of the side of square , knowing that  is the midpoint of diagonal ?

(1) 

(2) 

Possible Answers:

Both statements together are sufficient

Statements 1 and 2 together are not sufficient

Statement 2 alone is sufficient

Statement 1 alone is sufficient

Each statement alone is sufficient

Correct answer:

Statement 1 alone is sufficient

Explanation:

Since ABCD is a square, we just need to know the length of the diagonale to find the length of the side. BE is half the diagonal, therefore knowing its length would help us find the length of the sides.

Statement 1 tells us the length of BE, therefore, with the formula  where  is the diagonal and  the length of side, we can find the length of the side. 

 

Statement 2 tells us that triangle AEB is isoceles, but it is something we could already have known from the beginning since we are told that E is the midpoint of the diagonal. 

 

Therefore, statement 1 alone is sufficient.

Example Question #2281 : Gmat Quantitative Reasoning

Find the area of square .

I)  has a diagonal of  inches.

II)  has a perimeter of  inches.

Possible Answers:

Statement II is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement I is not sufficient to answer the question.

Both statements together are needed to answer the question.

Neither statement is sufficient to answer the question. More information is needed.

Either statement alone is sufficient to answer the question.

Statement I is sufficient to answer the question, but Statement II is not sufficient to answer the question.

Correct answer:

Either statement alone is sufficient to answer the question.

Explanation:

To find the area of a square we need to find its side length.

In a square, the diagonal allows us to find the other two sides. The diagonal of a square creates two 45/45/90 triangles with special side length ratios.

I) Gives us the diagonal, which we can use to find the side length, which will then help us find the area.

II) Perimeter of a square allows us to find side length, which in turn lets us find area. 

So, either statement is sufficient.

Example Question #2282 : Gmat Quantitative Reasoning

Calculate the length of the square.

Statement 1): The area is .

Statement 2): The diagonal is .

Possible Answers:

BOTH statements taken TOGETHER are sufficient to answer the question, but neither statement ALONE is sufficient.

BOTH statements TOGETHER are NOT sufficient, and additional data is needed to answer the question. 

Statement 2) ALONE is sufficient, but Statement 1) ALONE is not sufficient to answer the question.

Statement 1) ALONE is sufficient, but Statement 2) ALONE is not sufficient to answer the question.

EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.

Correct answer:

EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.

Explanation:

Statement 1) gives the area of the square.  For all positive real numbers, the formula, , or , can be used to find either area or side length interchangeably.

 

Statement 2) mentions that the diagonal is 1, which is a positive real number.  The formula , can be used to also find the side length.

 

Either statement alone is sufficient to solve for the length of the square.

 

Example Question #2283 : Gmat Quantitative Reasoning

Find the length of the quadrilateral.

Statement 1.)  The area of a quadrilateral is .

Statement 2.)  All interior angles of a quadrilateral are right angles.

Possible Answers:

BOTH statements taken TOGETHER are sufficient to answer the question, but neither statement ALONE is sufficient.

EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.

BOTH statements TOGETHER are NOT sufficient, and additional data is needed to answer the question.

Statement 2) ALONE is sufficient, but Statement 1) ALONE is not sufficient to answer the question.

Statement 1) ALONE is sufficient, but Statement 2) ALONE is not sufficient to answer the question.

Correct answer:

BOTH statements TOGETHER are NOT sufficient, and additional data is needed to answer the question.

Explanation:

Statement 1) mentions that the area of a quadrilateral is 4.  This statement is insufficient to solve for the length of the square because the family of quadrilaterals include any 4-sided shape with 4 interior angles.  Examples of quadrilaterals are squares, rectangles, rhombus, and trapezoids, but the quadrilateral is not necessarily a square.

Statement 2) mentions that all four interior angles of a quadrilateral are right angles.  This narrows down the shape to either a square or a rectangle.  Both shapes have 4 right angles, but there is not enough information to determine if the shape is a square or a rectangle.  

Therefore, neither statement is sufficient to solve for the length of a quadrilateral.

 

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