All sides of an equilateral triangle have the same measure, so we can let  be the common sidelength of , and  be that of .

Statement 1 can be rewritten as ; Statement 2 can be rewritten as . The equivalent question is whether we can determine which, if either, is greater,  or .

Statement 1 alone yields insufficient information; for example, the two numbers added together could be 10 and 14, but it is impossible to determine whether  or  is the greater of the two. Statement 2 alone is also insufficient, for a similar reason; for example, the two numbers could be 9 and 16, but again, either  or  could be the greater.

Now assume both statements. The only two numbers that can be added to yield a sum of 24 and multiplied to yield a product of 144 are 12 and 12; therefore, , and  and  have the same sidelengths. Specifically,  and  have the same length.

To find an area of a triangle we need the length of the height and the length of the corresponding basis.

Each statement 1 and 2 alone is not sufficient, since we don't know whether the triangle is equilateral. Indeed, we need to take both statements to be able to calculate the area.

Hence, both statements together are sufficient.

To answer this question, we should be able to have information about any lengths in the circle or in the triangle, or also about the areas of the different regions.

Statement 1 alone is sufficient, since from the area of the circle we can find the length of the radius, which allows us to calculate the length of the height of the equilateral triangle. This would allow us to find the length of a side, giving us all the necessary information to calculate the area of the equilateral triangle.

Statement 2, although giving us information about the difference of the circle and the triangle, we cannot conclude anything because we don't know the proportions of the respective geometric figures. Therefore statement 2 is insufficient.

To conclude, statement one alone is sufficient.

To find the area of a triangle, we need the base and the height. Taking both statements together we can solve this problem.

I) tells us that OHT is an equilateral triangle.

II) gives us one side length. Which means we really know all the side lengths. 

We can use either Pythagorean Theorem or 30/60/90 triangle ratios to find the height of OHT.

From there we can find the area.

Thus, both are needed. I) Tells us we have an equilateral, II) Lets us find the height. Both allow us to find the area.

Assume Statement 1 alone. Since the vertices of both the triangle and the square are on the same circle, then the same circle is circumscribed about both polygons. For the sake of simplicity, we will assume the radius of that circle to be 1 (and the diameter to be 2); this argument will work regardless of the size of the circle. 

A diagonal of a square doubles as a diameter of the circumscribed circle, so each diagonal of Square  is 2; since a Square is a rhombus, the area is one half the product of the lengths of the diagonals, or .

Now examine the figure below, which shows , its altitudes, and its circumscribed circle:

The three altitudes of an equilateral triangle meet at the center of the circumscribed circle, or circumcenter, so ; they also divide one another into segments such that one has twice the length of the other, so . Therefore, . Also, the six smaller triangles are all 30-60-90 by symmetry, so by the 30-60-90 Theorem, , and .

Therefore, the area of the triangle is 

,

which can be shown to be less than the square's area of 2.

Assume Statement 2 alone. Again, for simplicity's sake, we will use , so we can keep the area of the equilateral triangle as before, ; this argument works regardless of the dimensions. The length of a diagonal of the square will as before be , and its area will again be 2.

Since the area of an equilateral triangle is wholly dependent on its common sidelength, comparison of the lengths of the sides is all that is necessary to determine which triangle, if either, has the greater area.

If we let  and  be the common sidelengths of  and , respectively, Statements 1 and 2, respectively, can be rewritten as:

Statement 1: 

Statement 2: . 

The question is now whether , , or .

Statement 1 alone is insufficient to determine which sidelength is greater; both  and  are easily seen to be solutions, with  in the first case, and  in the second. Consequently, it is possible for either triangle to have the greater sidelength and the greater area.

Statement 2 alone, however, is sufficient. If , if follows that 

and 

This means that .  has the greater sidelength and, consequently, the greater area.

The area formula for an equilateral triangle is ; that of a circle is . Both will be used here.

Assume Statement 1 alone. If we let  be the radius of the circle, then, since the points on the circle include the midpoint of , the distance from center  to that midpoint is , and the length of  is . The area of the circle is , and that of the triangle is 

.

Since , the circle has the greater area.

Assume Statement 2 alone. For simplicity's sake, assume that the triangle has sidelength 1. Then its area is . Since we only know that  is the center of the circle and  is outside it, it follows that the radius must be less than 1. This means that the area of the circle must be less than 

Since the area falls in the range , and , we cannot tell whether the circle or the triangle has the greater area.

Assume Statement 1 alone to be true. Since , it follows that the area of , which is , is greater than that of , which is . However, no information is given about . If Statement alone is assumed, it similarly follows that  has greater area than , but nothing is known about the area of . If both Statements are given, however, then, by transitivity,  has the greatest area of the three.

Let  and  be the sidelengths of  and , respectively; the statements can be rewritten as:

Statement 1: 

Statement 2: 

Since the area of an equilateral triangle is solely dependent on the length of one side, it follows that the triangle with the greater sidelength has the greater area. The question can therefore be reduced to asking which of  and , if either, is greater.

Assume Statement 1 alone. Then

, 

and  has the greater sidelength. It follows that its area is the greater as well.

Assume Statement 2 alone. Then 

or 

.

However, this is not enough to prove which triangle, if either, has the greater sidelength; if , for example,  or  would make this inequality true. Therefore, it is not clear whether  or , if either, is greater, and it is not clear which triangle has the greater sidelength - and area.

Neither statement alone is enough to determine which triangle has the greater area, as each statement gives information about only one point. 

Assume both statements to be true. Since  is the segment that connects the endpoints of two sides of , it is a midsegment of the triangle, whose length is half the length of the side of  to which it is parallel. Therefore, the sidelength of  is half that of ; it follows that  is the triangle with the greater area.